CoronavirusPiCCOVIDNCT04337983
Hemodynamic Characteristics of Patients With SARS-CoV-2
An observational study of Coronavirus and SARS-CoV-2, run by Bicetre Hospital at 1 site in France.
Trial summary
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been declared a public health emergency of international concern. Hospitalized COVID-19-positive patients requiring ICU care is increasing along with the course of epidemic. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Any age
- Conditions the study is for
- Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19
- What is being tested?
- Transpulmonary thermodilution and Echocardiography
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- 1 siteFrance
- Study dates
- 13 Mar 2020to 30 Nov 2020
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Any age
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Study population: SARS-Cov2 positive patients admitted to ICU and monitored by transpulmonary thermodilution system will be included.
Who may be able to join
- Confirmed or suspected SARS-Cov2 cases
- Patients admitted to ICU, defined as a unit in which patients can receive vasopressors.
- Monitored by a transpulmonary thermodilution system (PiCCO2 (Pulsion Medical Systems, Feldkirchen, Germany) or EV1000 (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, United States of America).
Who cannot join
- SARS Cov-2 Negative
- Refusal to participate in the study
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Hemodynamic Characteristics of Patients With SARS-CoV-2: PiCCOVID Study
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been declared a public health emergency of international concern. Hospitalized COVID-19-positive patients requiring ICU care is increasing along with the course of epidemic. A large number of these patients developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) according to current data. However, the related hemodynamic characteristic has so far been rarely described.
Read the detailed description
The outbreak of COVID-19 is a worldwide concern. To our knowledge, the details of the hemodynamic characteristics of COVID-19 patients have not yet been well described. Besides, the cardiac injury was reported in about 7-17% of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in previous Chinese publications and is much more common in patients admitted to ICU and non-survivors. However, no systematic assessment, including echocardiography evaluating the left ventricular function of these patients has been declared. In addition, extravascular lung water (EVLW) and pulmonary capillary permeability are two hall markers in ARDS patient's management, and transpulmonary thermodilution is a validated method to provide these values at the bedside. However, no study has reported the characteristic profile of these variables during ARDS caused by SARS-Cov2. A better knowledge of these characteristics would also be helpful in guiding their management.
- Conditions
- Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Shock, Acute Circulatory Failure
- Being tested
- Transpulmonary thermodilution, Echocardiography
- Keywords
- Hemodynamic chracteristics, Transpulmonary thermodilution, Preload-dependency, Echocardiography, Extravascular lung water, Pulmonary vascular permeability index
- Medical subject headings
- Coronavirus Infections, COVID-19, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Shock, Ventricular Dysfunction, Left, Edema
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Transpulmonary thermodilutionDevice
Obtained by averaging the results of three thermodilution measurements. Each thermodilution is performed by injecting a bolus (15 mL) of cold saline (less than 10°C)
EchocardiographyDevice
Daily echocardiography evaluation
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Body temperature
Body temperature(°C)
Measured: Through study completion, an estimation of 6 months
Blood pressure
Blood pressure in mmHg
Measured: Through study completion, an estimation of 6 months
Pulse (heart rate)
Pulse (heart rate) in times/minute
Measured: Through study completion, an estimation of 6 months
Respiratory rate
Respiratory rate in times/minute
Measured: Through study completion, an estimation of 6 months
Data provided by transpulmonary thermodilution-CI
Cardiac index (L/min/m2)
Measured: Through study completion, an estimation of 6 months
Data provided by transpulmonary thermodilution-GEDV
Global end-diastolic volume(mL/m2)
Measured: Through study completion, an estimation of 6 months
Data provided by transpulmonary thermodilution-EVLW
Extravascular lung water (mL/kg)
Measured: Through study completion, an estimation of 6 months
Data provided by transpulmonary thermodilution-PVPI
Pulmonary vascular permeability index
Measured: Through study completion, an estimation of 6 months
Incidence of abnormal laboratory test results
Measured: Through study completion, an estimation of 6 months
Secondary outcomes (4)
Incidence of new-onset or reversible systolic left ventricular dysfunction
Left ventricle ejection fraction, Segmental left ventricle contractility, Speckle tracking data of the left and right ventricles, Dimensions of right and left cavities and Diastolic function of left ventricle
Measured: Through study completion, an estimation of 6 months
Changes of extravascular lung water measured by transpulmonary thermodilution
The worst extravascular lung water
Measured: Change from baseline extravascular lung water at 6 months
Changes of pulmonary vascular permeability index measured by transpulmonary thermodilution
The worst pulmonary vascular permeability index
Measured: Change from baseline extravascular lung water at 6 months
Correlation between the hemodynamic characteristics and 90-day mortality
Measured: Up to 90th day after inclusion
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted8 Apr 2020
- Study start13 Mar 2020
- Primary completion30 Oct 2020
- Study completion30 Nov 2020
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (13)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for CoronavirusStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Bicetre Hospital
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Xavier Monnet, Bicetre Hospital
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04337983
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2020-A00793-36
- Acronym
- PiCCOVID
- Status last verified
- Sep 2021
- First submitted
- 30 Mar 2020
- Last updated
- 14 Sep 2021
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Publications
Zhou P, Yang XL, Wang XG, Hu B, Zhang L, Zhang W, Si HR, Zhu Y, Li B, Huang CL, Chen HD, Chen J, Luo Y, Guo H, Jiang RD, Liu MQ, Chen Y, Shen XR, Wang X, Zheng XS, Zhao K, Chen QJ, Deng F, Liu LL, Yan B, Zhan FX, Wang YY, Xiao GF, Shi ZL. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature. 2020 Mar;579(7798):270-273. doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7. Epub 2020 Feb 3.
PubMed 32015507Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, Wang B, Xiang H, Cheng Z, Xiong Y, Zhao Y, Li Y, Wang X, Peng Z. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020 Mar 17;323(11):1061-1069. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.1585.
PubMed 32031570Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, Fan G, Liu Y, Liu Z, Xiang J, Wang Y, Song B, Gu X, Guan L, Wei Y, Li H, Wu X, Xu J, Tu S, Zhang Y, Chen H, Cao B. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2020 Mar 28;395(10229):1054-1062. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3. Epub 2020 Mar 11.
PubMed 32171076Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, Qiu Y, Wang J, Liu Y, Wei Y, Xia J, Yu T, Zhang X, Zhang L. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet. 2020 Feb 15;395(10223):507-513. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7. Epub 2020 Jan 30.
PubMed 32007143Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, Xu J, Gu X, Cheng Z, Yu T, Xia J, Wei Y, Wu W, Xie X, Yin W, Li H, Liu M, Xiao Y, Gao H, Guo L, Xie J, Wang G, Jiang R, Gao Z, Jin Q, Wang J, Cao B. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020 Feb 15;395(10223):497-506. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5. Epub 2020 Jan 24.
PubMed 31986264Driggin E, Madhavan MV, Bikdeli B, Chuich T, Laracy J, Biondi-Zoccai G, Brown TS, Der Nigoghossian C, Zidar DA, Haythe J, Brodie D, Beckman JA, Kirtane AJ, Stone GW, Krumholz HM, Parikh SA. Cardiovascular Considerations for Patients, Health Care Workers, and Health Systems During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020 May 12;75(18):2352-2371. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.03.031. Epub 2020 Mar 19.
PubMed 32201335Ruan Q, Yang K, Wang W, Jiang L, Song J. Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China. Intensive Care Med. 2020 May;46(5):846-848. doi: 10.1007/s00134-020-05991-x. Epub 2020 Mar 3. No abstract available.
PubMed 32125452Yang X, Yu Y, Xu J, Shu H, Xia J, Liu H, Wu Y, Zhang L, Yu Z, Fang M, Yu T, Wang Y, Pan S, Zou X, Yuan S, Shang Y. Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir Med. 2020 May;8(5):475-481. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30079-5. Epub 2020 Feb 24.
PubMed 32105632Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72 314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. JAMA. 2020 Apr 7;323(13):1239-1242. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.2648. No abstract available.
PubMed 32091533Schuster DP. The search for "objective" criteria of ARDS. Intensive Care Med. 2007 Mar;33(3):400-2. doi: 10.1007/s00134-006-0499-5. Epub 2007 Jan 13. No abstract available.
PubMed 17221188Jozwiak M, Silva S, Persichini R, Anguel N, Osman D, Richard C, Teboul JL, Monnet X. Extravascular lung water is an independent prognostic factor in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Crit Care Med. 2013 Feb;41(2):472-80. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31826ab377.
PubMed 23263578Monnet X, Teboul JL. Transpulmonary thermodilution: advantages and limits. Crit Care. 2017 Jun 19;21(1):147. doi: 10.1186/s13054-017-1739-5.
PubMed 28625165Shi R, Lai C, Teboul JL, Dres M, Moretto F, De Vita N, Pham T, Bonny V, Mayaux J, Vaschetto R, Beurton A, Monnet X. COVID-19 ARDS is characterized by higher extravascular lung water than non-COVID-19 ARDS: the PiCCOVID study. Crit Care. 2021 Jun 1;25(1):186. doi: 10.1186/s13054-021-03594-6.
PubMed 34074313
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 14 Sep 2021. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Hemodynamic Characteristics of Patients With SARS-CoV-2: PiCCOVID Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04337983
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- PiCCOVID / 2020-A00793-36
- Conditions
- Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Shock, Acute Circulatory Failure
- Keywords
- Hemodynamic chracteristics, Transpulmonary thermodilution, Preload-dependency, Echocardiography, Extravascular lung water, Pulmonary vascular permeability index
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Bicetre HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 13 Mar 2020 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Oct 2020 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Nov 2020 (actual)
- First posted
- 8 Apr 2020 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been declared a public health emergency of international concern. Hospitalized COVID-19-positive patients requiring ICU care is increasing along with the course of epidemic. A large number of these patients developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) according to current data. However, the related hemodynamic characteristic has so far been rarely described.
Detailed description
The outbreak of COVID-19 is a worldwide concern. To our knowledge, the details of the hemodynamic characteristics of COVID-19 patients have not yet been well described. Besides, the cardiac injury was reported in about 7-17% of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in previous Chinese publications and is much more common in patients admitted to ICU and non-survivors. However, no systematic assessment, including echocardiography evaluating the left ventricular function of these patients has been declared. In addition, extravascular lung water (EVLW) and pulmonary capillary permeability are two hall markers in ARDS patient's management, and transpulmonary thermodilution is a validated method to provide these values at the bedside. However, no study has reported the characteristic profile of these variables during ARDS caused by SARS-Cov2. A better knowledge of these characteristics would also be helpful in guiding their management.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
Who may qualify
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- SARS-Cov2 positive patients admitted to ICU and monitored by transpulmonary thermodilution system will be included.
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Confirmed or suspected SARS-Cov2 cases
- Patients admitted to ICU, defined as a unit in which patients can receive vasopressors.
- Monitored by a transpulmonary thermodilution system (PiCCO2 (Pulsion Medical Systems, Feldkirchen, Germany) or EV1000 (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, United States of America).
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- SARS Cov-2 Negative
- Refusal to participate in the study
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Transpulmonary thermodilutionObtained by averaging the results of three thermodilution measurements. Each thermodilution is performed by injecting a bolus (15 mL) of cold saline (less than 10°C) | Device | – |
| EchocardiographyDaily echocardiography evaluation | Device | – |
Primary outcome
Body temperature
Time frame: Through study completion, an estimation of 6 months
Body temperature(°C)
Blood pressure
Time frame: Through study completion, an estimation of 6 months
Blood pressure in mmHg
Pulse (heart rate)
Time frame: Through study completion, an estimation of 6 months
Pulse (heart rate) in times/minute
Respiratory rate
Time frame: Through study completion, an estimation of 6 months
Respiratory rate in times/minute
Data provided by transpulmonary thermodilution-CI
Time frame: Through study completion, an estimation of 6 months
Cardiac index (L/min/m2)
Data provided by transpulmonary thermodilution-GEDV
Time frame: Through study completion, an estimation of 6 months
Global end-diastolic volume(mL/m2)
Data provided by transpulmonary thermodilution-EVLW
Time frame: Through study completion, an estimation of 6 months
Extravascular lung water (mL/kg)
Data provided by transpulmonary thermodilution-PVPI
Time frame: Through study completion, an estimation of 6 months
Pulmonary vascular permeability index
Incidence of abnormal laboratory test results
Time frame: Through study completion, an estimation of 6 months
4 secondary outcomes
Incidence of new-onset or reversible systolic left ventricular dysfunction
Time frame: Through study completion, an estimation of 6 months
Changes of extravascular lung water measured by transpulmonary thermodilution
Time frame: Change from baseline extravascular lung water at 6 months
Changes of pulmonary vascular permeability index measured by transpulmonary thermodilution
Time frame: Change from baseline extravascular lung water at 6 months
Correlation between the hemodynamic characteristics and 90-day mortality
Time frame: Up to 90th day after inclusion
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 14 Sep 2021.
- Background: PubMed 32015507Zhou P, Yang XL, Wang XG, Hu B, Zhang L, Zhang W, Si HR, Zhu Y, Li B, Huang CL, Chen HD, Chen J, Luo Y, Guo H, Jiang RD, Liu MQ, Chen Y, Shen XR, Wang X, Zheng XS, Zhao K, Chen QJ, Deng F, Liu LL, Yan B, Zhan FX, Wang YY, Xiao GF, Shi ZL. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature. 2020 Mar;579(7798):270-273. doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7. Epub 2020 Feb 3.
- Background: PubMed 32031570Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, Wang B, Xiang H, Cheng Z, Xiong Y, Zhao Y, Li Y, Wang X, Peng Z. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020 Mar 17;323(11):1061-1069. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.1585.
- Background: PubMed 32171076Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, Fan G, Liu Y, Liu Z, Xiang J, Wang Y, Song B, Gu X, Guan L, Wei Y, Li H, Wu X, Xu J, Tu S, Zhang Y, Chen H, Cao B. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2020 Mar 28;395(10229):1054-1062. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3. Epub 2020 Mar 11.
- Background: PubMed 32007143Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, Qiu Y, Wang J, Liu Y, Wei Y, Xia J, Yu T, Zhang X, Zhang L. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet. 2020 Feb 15;395(10223):507-513. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7. Epub 2020 Jan 30.
- Background: PubMed 31986264Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, Xu J, Gu X, Cheng Z, Yu T, Xia J, Wei Y, Wu W, Xie X, Yin W, Li H, Liu M, Xiao Y, Gao H, Guo L, Xie J, Wang G, Jiang R, Gao Z, Jin Q, Wang J, Cao B. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020 Feb 15;395(10223):497-506. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5. Epub 2020 Jan 24.
- Background: PubMed 32201335Driggin E, Madhavan MV, Bikdeli B, Chuich T, Laracy J, Biondi-Zoccai G, Brown TS, Der Nigoghossian C, Zidar DA, Haythe J, Brodie D, Beckman JA, Kirtane AJ, Stone GW, Krumholz HM, Parikh SA. Cardiovascular Considerations for Patients, Health Care Workers, and Health Systems During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020 May 12;75(18):2352-2371. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.03.031. Epub 2020 Mar 19.
- Background: PubMed 32125452Ruan Q, Yang K, Wang W, Jiang L, Song J. Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China. Intensive Care Med. 2020 May;46(5):846-848. doi: 10.1007/s00134-020-05991-x. Epub 2020 Mar 3. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 32105632Yang X, Yu Y, Xu J, Shu H, Xia J, Liu H, Wu Y, Zhang L, Yu Z, Fang M, Yu T, Wang Y, Pan S, Zou X, Yuan S, Shang Y. Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir Med. 2020 May;8(5):475-481. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30079-5. Epub 2020 Feb 24.
- Background: PubMed 32091533Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72 314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. JAMA. 2020 Apr 7;323(13):1239-1242. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.2648. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 17221188Schuster DP. The search for "objective" criteria of ARDS. Intensive Care Med. 2007 Mar;33(3):400-2. doi: 10.1007/s00134-006-0499-5. Epub 2007 Jan 13. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 23263578Jozwiak M, Silva S, Persichini R, Anguel N, Osman D, Richard C, Teboul JL, Monnet X. Extravascular lung water is an independent prognostic factor in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Crit Care Med. 2013 Feb;41(2):472-80. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31826ab377.
- Background: PubMed 28625165Monnet X, Teboul JL. Transpulmonary thermodilution: advantages and limits. Crit Care. 2017 Jun 19;21(1):147. doi: 10.1186/s13054-017-1739-5.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Coronavirus and SARS-CoV-2, run by Bicetre Hospital at 1 site in France.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 14 Sep 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in France. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Body temperature (time frame: Through study completion, an estimation of 6 months). The study lists 9 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04337983, which also lists 13 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 14 Sep 2021.