StretchNCT04234256
Female Football Players Stretching Training and Performance on the Dynamic Balance
A study testing Static stretching exercise and Dynamic stretching exercise in people with Stretch, run by Dragan Mijatović at 1 site in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Trial summary
This research shows the effect of stretching exercises on dynamic balance. football players divided into 2 groups do different stretching exercises, dynamic and static. The control group does not do stretching exercises. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 14 to 35 years, women only
- Conditions the study is for
- Stretch
- What is being tested?
- Static stretching exercise and Dynamic stretching exercise
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 36 participants
- Where
- 1 siteBosnia and Herzegovina
- Study dates
- 18 Jan 2020to 10 Aug 2020
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 14 to 35 years
- Women only
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult
Who may be able to join
- No musculoskeletal injury within 10 days of the start of the study,
- Age over 14 years (The Official Gazette of the Football Federation of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Women's Football League of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, article 15. states that female players who have reached the age of 14 and who have a specialist medical examination can play for the first team, a maximum of 5 player's on the field in the same game)
- Voluntary participation in the study.
Who cannot join
- Age below 14 years,
- Refusal to take the examination,
- Errors in keeping records of injuries by responsible persons,
- Lower legs injuries in the last 10 days,
- Vestibular disorders.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Controlled, Randomized, Stretching Exercises for Improvement of Dynamic Balance
This research shows the effect of stretching exercises on dynamic balance. football players divided into 2 groups do different stretching exercises, dynamic and static. The control group does not do stretching exercises. The study should show which stretching exercises have a greater effect on the Y balance test than the dynamic balance test.
Read the detailed description
Injury prevention in sports is very important, and a lot of investigative time and effort is spent in this realm. Many different tools have been created that are designed to pinpoint the athlete's predisposition to or risk for injuries. Also, health professionals and coaches should work with athletes to attempt to reduce the number of injuries as much as possible. The objective of the prevention process is not to eliminate injuries, but rather to reduce them and keep them at an acceptable level. Many authors have shown that interventions that include balance exercises are very efficient in injury risk reduction as well as performance improvement after an injury. Poor balance, altered motor control, or lack of neuromuscular control have all been described as predictors of injury risk in the lower limbs of athletes. The Y-Balance Test (YBT), a validated derivation of the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), is a functional screening tool that can be reliably administered for a variety of purposes: to assess lower extremity stability, monitor rehabilitation progress, understand deficits after injury, and identify athletes at high risk for lower extremity injury. For these reasons, we have decided to research whether stretching exercises can improve the Y Balance Test. The research was conducted on football players in the first league of Bosnia and Hercegovina. Comparisons were made between static and dynamic stretching and their effects on Y Balance Test performance while no stretching exercises were performed in the control group. Stretching improves body posture, achieves good muscular and joint mobility, has a positive effect on preventing injury, and reduces muscle pain, also regular stretching improves body balance. The aim is to explore which stretching exercises will increase the results on the Y Balance Test and whether this will happen at all.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of stretching exercises on the Y-Balance Test (YBT, as a test for dynamic balance) performance and postural control in female football players.
- Conditions
- Stretch
- Being tested
- Static stretching exercise, Dynamic stretching exercise
- Keywords
- Y Balance Test, Stretching, Dynamic balance
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Static stretching exerciseOther
Standing quadriceps stretch, Gastrocnemius stretch, Standing split, Adductor stretch, Half kneeling groin stretch, Hamstring stretch on the bench, Prayer squat, Seated adductor and hamstring stretch, Hurdle seat, Seated glute stretch, Lying glute stretch, Seated groin abduction, Soleus stretch, Half kneeling quad stretch, Split hamstring stretch
Dynamic stretching exerciseOther
Downward dog to runner's lunge, Dynamic squat stretch, Crescent to hamstring stretch, Half kneeling hamstring stretch, Side to side lunge with reach, Standing calf and hamstring stretch, Hurdles, Side to side lunge with step, IT band stretch, Walking quad stretch, Swing the leg forward and back, Swing the leg cross, Knee pull, Standing quat stretch, Standing gluteus stretch
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Static exercise | Experimental | The experimental group doing static exercises, three times with five repetitions for a period of three months lasting 15 to 20 minutes at the end of the training. Receives: Other: Static stretching exercise |
| Dynamic exercise | Experimental | This group doing dynamic exercises, three times with five repetitions for a period of three months lasting 15 to 20 minutes at the end of the training. Receives: Other: Dynamic stretching exercise |
| Control group | No intervention | Control group doing not the stretching exercise |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
The leg length
The leg length was measured from the anterior superior iliac spine to the distal edge of the medial malleolus, in centimeter using a tape measure.
Measured: 2 minutes
Y Balance Test
During the test, the football players place one foot on the stationary platform of the test set so that the tip of the foot does not exceed the starting line. The second foot, or the tip of the foot, will push the movable part of the platform down the measuring tube, which is marked by half-inch intervals. Any lifting of the standing leg to the heel, toes or loss of balance will be considered a mistake and the attempt will be repeated. Mobility will be tested through 3 trial and 3 valid measurements of the lower limbs in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions. The arms should rest on the hips.
Measured: 15 minutes
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted21 Jan 2020
- Study start18 Jan 2020
- Primary completion1 Aug 2020
- Study completion10 Aug 2020
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (11)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for StretchStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Factorial
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 36 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Dragan Mijatović
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Dragan Mijatović, University of Mostar
- Investigators
- Dragan mijatović, MPT, Principal investigator, WFC Siroki Brijeg
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04234256
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Study 3
- Status last verified
- Aug 2020
- First submitted
- 15 Jan 2020
- Last updated
- 11 Aug 2020
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Gonell AC, Romero JA, Soler LM. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE Y BALANCE TEST SCORES AND SOFT TISSUE INJURY INCIDENCE IN A SOCCER TEAM. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2015 Dec;10(7):955-66.
PubMed 26673848Butler RJ, Bullock G, Arnold T, Plisky P, Queen R. Competition-Level Differences on the Lower Quarter Y-Balance Test in Baseball Players. J Athl Train. 2016 Dec;51(12):997-1002. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-51.12.09. Epub 2016 Nov 16.
PubMed 27849388Hooper TL, James CR, Brismee JM, Rogers TJ, Gilbert KK, Browne KL, Sizer PS. Dynamic balance as measured by the Y-Balance Test is reduced in individuals with low back pain: A cross-sectional comparative study. Phys Ther Sport. 2016 Nov;22:29-34. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2016.04.006. Epub 2016 May 4.
PubMed 27579805Fuller CW, Ekstrand J, Junge A, Andersen TE, Bahr R, Dvorak J, Hagglund M, McCrory P, Meeuwisse WH. Consensus statement on injury definitions and data collection procedures in studies of football (soccer) injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2006 Apr;16(2):83-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2006.00528.x.
PubMed 16533346Hertel J, Braham RA, Hale SA, Olmsted-Kramer LC. Simplifying the star excursion balance test: analyses of subjects with and without chronic ankle instability. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2006 Mar;36(3):131-7. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2006.36.3.131.
PubMed 16596889Kinzey SJ, Armstrong CW. The reliability of the star-excursion test in assessing dynamic balance. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1998 May;27(5):356-60. doi: 10.2519/jospt.1998.27.5.356.
PubMed 9580895Plisky PJ, Rauh MJ, Kaminski TW, Underwood FB. Star Excursion Balance Test as a predictor of lower extremity injury in high school basketball players. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2006 Dec;36(12):911-9. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2006.2244.
PubMed 17193868Zakaria AA, Kiningham RB, Sen A. Effects of Static and Dynamic Stretching on Injury Prevention in High School Soccer Athletes: A Randomized Trial. J Sport Rehabil. 2015 Aug;24(3):229-35. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2013-0114. Epub 2015 May 1.
PubMed 25933060Rogan S, Wust D, Schwitter T, Schmidtbleicher D. Static stretching of the hamstring muscle for injury prevention in football codes: a systematic review. Asian J Sports Med. 2013 Mar;4(1):1-9. Epub 2012 Nov 20.
PubMed 23785569Gribble PA, Hertel J, Plisky P. Using the Star Excursion Balance Test to assess dynamic postural-control deficits and outcomes in lower extremity injury: a literature and systematic review. J Athl Train. 2012 May-Jun;47(3):339-57. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-47.3.08.
PubMed 22892416Shaffer SW, Teyhen DS, Lorenson CL, Warren RL, Koreerat CM, Straseske CA, Childs JD. Y-balance test: a reliability study involving multiple raters. Mil Med. 2013 Nov;178(11):1264-70. doi: 10.7205/MILMED-D-13-00222.
PubMed 24183777
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 11 Aug 2020. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Controlled, Randomized, Stretching Exercises for Improvement of Dynamic Balance
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04234256
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Study 3
- Conditions
- Stretch
- Keywords
- Y Balance Test, Stretching, Dynamic balance
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 36 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Dragan MijatovićUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 18 Jan 2020 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Aug 2020 (actual)
- Study completion
- 10 Aug 2020 (actual)
- First posted
- 21 Jan 2020 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This research shows the effect of stretching exercises on dynamic balance. football players divided into 2 groups do different stretching exercises, dynamic and static. The control group does not do stretching exercises. The study should show which stretching exercises have a greater effect on the Y balance test than the dynamic balance test.
Detailed description
Injury prevention in sports is very important, and a lot of investigative time and effort is spent in this realm. Many different tools have been created that are designed to pinpoint the athlete's predisposition to or risk for injuries. Also, health professionals and coaches should work with athletes to attempt to reduce the number of injuries as much as possible. The objective of the prevention process is not to eliminate injuries, but rather to reduce them and keep them at an acceptable level. Many authors have shown that interventions that include balance exercises are very efficient in injury risk reduction as well as performance improvement after an injury. Poor balance, altered motor control, or lack of neuromuscular control have all been described as predictors of injury risk in the lower limbs of athletes. The Y-Balance Test (YBT), a validated derivation of the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), is a functional screening tool that can be reliably administered for a variety of purposes: to assess lower extremity stability, monitor rehabilitation progress, understand deficits after injury, and identify athletes at high risk for lower extremity injury. For these reasons, we have decided to research whether stretching exercises can improve the Y Balance Test. The research was conducted on football players in the first league of Bosnia and Hercegovina. Comparisons were made between static and dynamic stretching and their effects on Y Balance Test performance while no stretching exercises were performed in the control group. Stretching improves body posture, achieves good muscular and joint mobility, has a positive effect on preventing injury, and reduces muscle pain, also regular stretching improves body balance. The aim is to explore which stretching exercises will increase the results on the Y Balance Test and whether this will happen at all.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of stretching exercises on the Y-Balance Test (YBT, as a test for dynamic balance) performance and postural control in female football players.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Factorial
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Static exercise | Experimental | Other: Static stretching exerciseThe experimental group doing static exercises, three times with five repetitions for a period of three months lasting 15 to 20 minutes at the end of the training. |
| Dynamic exercise | Experimental | Other: Dynamic stretching exerciseThis group doing dynamic exercises, three times with five repetitions for a period of three months lasting 15 to 20 minutes at the end of the training. |
| Control group | No intervention | –Control group doing not the stretching exercise |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 14 to 35 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- No musculoskeletal injury within 10 days of the start of the study,
- Age over 14 years (The Official Gazette of the Football Federation of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Women's Football League of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, article 15. states that female players who have reached the age of 14 and who have a specialist medical examination can play for the first team, a maximum of 5 player's on the field in the same game)
- Voluntary participation in the study.
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Age below 14 years,
- Refusal to take the examination,
- Errors in keeping records of injuries by responsible persons,
- Lower legs injuries in the last 10 days,
- Vestibular disorders.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Static stretching exerciseStanding quadriceps stretch, Gastrocnemius stretch, Standing split, Adductor stretch, Half kneeling groin stretch, Hamstring stretch on the bench, Prayer squat, Seated adductor and hamstring stretch, Hurdle seat, Seated glute stretch, Lying glute stretch, Seated groin abduction, Soleus stretch, Half kneeling quad stretch, Split hamstring stretch | Other | Static exercise |
| Dynamic stretching exerciseDownward dog to runner's lunge, Dynamic squat stretch, Crescent to hamstring stretch, Half kneeling hamstring stretch, Side to side lunge with reach, Standing calf and hamstring stretch, Hurdles, Side to side lunge with step, IT band stretch, Walking quad stretch, Swing the leg forward and back, Swing the leg cross, Knee pull, Standing quat stretch, Standing gluteus stretch | Other | Dynamic exercise |
Primary outcome
The leg length
Time frame: 2 minutes
The leg length was measured from the anterior superior iliac spine to the distal edge of the medial malleolus, in centimeter using a tape measure.
Y Balance Test
Time frame: 15 minutes
During the test, the football players place one foot on the stationary platform of the test set so that the tip of the foot does not exceed the starting line. The second foot, or the tip of the foot, will push the movable part of the platform down the measuring tube, which is marked by half-inch intervals. Any lifting of the standing leg to the heel, toes or loss of balance will be considered a mistake and the attempt will be repeated. Mobility will be tested through 3 trial and 3 valid measurements of the lower limbs in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions. The arms should rest on the hips.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 11 Aug 2020.
- Background: PubMed 26673848Gonell AC, Romero JA, Soler LM. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE Y BALANCE TEST SCORES AND SOFT TISSUE INJURY INCIDENCE IN A SOCCER TEAM. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2015 Dec;10(7):955-66.
- Background: PubMed 27849388Butler RJ, Bullock G, Arnold T, Plisky P, Queen R. Competition-Level Differences on the Lower Quarter Y-Balance Test in Baseball Players. J Athl Train. 2016 Dec;51(12):997-1002. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-51.12.09. Epub 2016 Nov 16.
- Background: PubMed 27579805Hooper TL, James CR, Brismee JM, Rogers TJ, Gilbert KK, Browne KL, Sizer PS. Dynamic balance as measured by the Y-Balance Test is reduced in individuals with low back pain: A cross-sectional comparative study. Phys Ther Sport. 2016 Nov;22:29-34. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2016.04.006. Epub 2016 May 4.
- Background: PubMed 16533346Fuller CW, Ekstrand J, Junge A, Andersen TE, Bahr R, Dvorak J, Hagglund M, McCrory P, Meeuwisse WH. Consensus statement on injury definitions and data collection procedures in studies of football (soccer) injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2006 Apr;16(2):83-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2006.00528.x.
- Background: PubMed 16596889Hertel J, Braham RA, Hale SA, Olmsted-Kramer LC. Simplifying the star excursion balance test: analyses of subjects with and without chronic ankle instability. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2006 Mar;36(3):131-7. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2006.36.3.131.
- Background: PubMed 9580895Kinzey SJ, Armstrong CW. The reliability of the star-excursion test in assessing dynamic balance. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1998 May;27(5):356-60. doi: 10.2519/jospt.1998.27.5.356.
- Background: PubMed 17193868Plisky PJ, Rauh MJ, Kaminski TW, Underwood FB. Star Excursion Balance Test as a predictor of lower extremity injury in high school basketball players. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2006 Dec;36(12):911-9. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2006.2244.
- Background: PubMed 25933060Zakaria AA, Kiningham RB, Sen A. Effects of Static and Dynamic Stretching on Injury Prevention in High School Soccer Athletes: A Randomized Trial. J Sport Rehabil. 2015 Aug;24(3):229-35. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2013-0114. Epub 2015 May 1.
- Background: PubMed 23785569Rogan S, Wust D, Schwitter T, Schmidtbleicher D. Static stretching of the hamstring muscle for injury prevention in football codes: a systematic review. Asian J Sports Med. 2013 Mar;4(1):1-9. Epub 2012 Nov 20.
- Background: PubMed 22892416Gribble PA, Hertel J, Plisky P. Using the Star Excursion Balance Test to assess dynamic postural-control deficits and outcomes in lower extremity injury: a literature and systematic review. J Athl Train. 2012 May-Jun;47(3):339-57. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-47.3.08.
- Background: PubMed 24183777Shaffer SW, Teyhen DS, Lorenson CL, Warren RL, Koreerat CM, Straseske CA, Childs JD. Y-balance test: a reliability study involving multiple raters. Mil Med. 2013 Nov;178(11):1264-70. doi: 10.7205/MILMED-D-13-00222.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Dragan mijatović, MPT principal investigator
WFC Siroki Brijeg
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Static stretching exercise and Dynamic stretching exercise in people with Stretch, run by Dragan Mijatović at 1 site in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 11 Aug 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
The leg length (time frame: 2 minutes). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04234256, which also lists 11 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 11 Aug 2020.