Static StretchingNCT04182139
Acute Effects of Static Stretching Intensity and Duration on Muscle Viscoelastic Properties and Proprioception
A study testing Static Stretching Exercise in people with Static Stretching, run by Marmara University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The purpose of this study is to compare the acute effects of different duration and intensity of static stretching exercises on the viscoelastic properties of the hamstring muscle and the knee proprioception. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 45 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Static Stretching
- What is being tested?
- Static Stretching Exercise
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 216 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Dec 2018to 1 Mar 2019
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 45 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Being in the 18-45 age range.
- Volunteer to participate in the study.
Who cannot join
- Having had previous lower extremity operations.
- Having an orthopedic, neurological and rheumatologic disease of the lower extremities.
- Having open wound in the application area.
- Having had soft tissue injury in the last 6 weeks in the application area.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
The purpose of this study is to compare the acute effects of different duration and intensity of static stretching exercises on the viscoelastic properties of the hamstring muscle and the knee proprioception.
Read the detailed description
Traditionally stretching exercises have been used by health professionals as a means of preventing injuries by increasing performance and increasing joint flexibility. Kubo et al. suggest that the potential mechanism of decreased risk of injury with increased flexibility is a change in the viscoelastic properties of the muscle-tendon unit. Muscle fibers and tendons contain proprioceptors. These receptors provide information about joint angle, muscle length and muscle tension. There are two stretch-related proprioceptors that transmit information to the central nervous system about muscle tension. These receptors are muscle spindles (respond to changes in the length) and golgi tendon organs (respond to changes in the tension). For this reason, interactions between muscle tension, muscle-tendon unit, viscoelasticity and proprioceptive tissue (muscle spindles and golgi tendon organ); it becomes important when you think about how stretching exercises affect proprioception, flexibility and increase or decrease of joint range of motion. In the literature, four stretching parameters have been defined as important to influence the potential for increasing or decreasing the flexibility of a joint: intensity, duration, frequency and stretching position. The focus of this study we plan on is the intensity and duration of stretching.
Exercise warming exercises before sportive activity and cooling exercises afterwards are widely suggested and applied. Determining the relationship between stretch severity and duration and viscoelastic properties and proprioception will contribute to the effective creation of training programs.
- Conditions
- Static Stretching
- Being tested
- Static Stretching Exercise
- Keywords
- Static Stretching, Stiffness, Proprioception, Healthy adults
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Static Stretching ExerciseOther
Each intervention group received a different duration and intensity of static stretching exercise protocol.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| 30 seconds and %50 intensity stretching | Experimental | The participants in this group performed an 30 seconds, %50 intensity static stretching exercise. 3 repetitive static stretching exercises did to hamstring muscles on the dominant side. Receives: Other: Static Stretching Exercise |
| 30 seconds and %75 intensity stretching | Experimental | The participants in this group performed an 30 seconds, %75 intensity static stretching exercise. 3 repetitive static stretching exercises did to hamstring muscles on the dominant side. Receives: Other: Static Stretching Exercise |
| 30 seconds and %100 intensity stretching | Experimental | The participants in this group performed an 30 seconds, %100 intensity static stretching exercise. 3 repetitive static stretching exercises did to hamstring muscles on the dominant side. Receives: Other: Static Stretching Exercise |
| 60 seconds and %50 intensity stretching | Experimental | The participants in this group performed an 60 seconds, %50 intensity static stretching exercise. 3 repetitive static stretching exercises did to hamstring muscles on the dominant side. Receives: Other: Static Stretching Exercise |
| 60 seconds and %75 intensity stretching | Experimental | The participants in this group performed an 60 seconds, %75 intensity static stretching exercise. 3 repetitive static stretching exercises did to hamstring muscles on the dominant side. Receives: Other: Static Stretching Exercise |
| 60 seconds and %100 intensity stretching | Experimental | The participants in this group performed an 60 seconds, %100 intensity static stretching exercise. 3 repetitive static stretching exercises did to hamstring muscles on the dominant side. Receives: Other: Static Stretching Exercise |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change from baseline muscle viscoelastic properties at immediately after exercise
Muscle viscoelastic properties was assessed with Myoton® PRO device. It is an evidence-based device that evaluates the bio-mechanical properties of soft biological tissues in a non-invasive, objective, reliable, inexpensive, quick and easy manner. Myoton® PRO is used in studies to evaluate superficial skeletal muscles, connective tissues such as tendons and ligaments, and other soft tissues. It is a highly reliable method for assessing the tone, stiffness, elasticity of muscles.
Measured: 10 minutes
Change from baseline proprioception at immediately after exercise
Proprioception was assessed with MarVAJED (Marmara Visual Auditory Joint Education Device). MarVAJED is a system for evaluating joint range of motion, analyzing joint position sense, offering biofeedback support to increase joint control, as well as directing it to controlled exercises. Analyzes joint movement with the help of small sensors. Transfers the obtained data to mobile phone, tablet or personal computer.
Measured: 10 minutes
Change from baseline static stretching exercise intensity at the beginning of each exercise
A visual analog scale of 100 mm was used to assess the intensity of stretching exercise perceived by the participant at the beginning of each repetition. The visual analog scale is used to visually measure the intensity of the detected mechanical stimulus. 0 means "no stretch" and 100 means "maximum tolerable stretch without pain". Perceived violence from left to right increases.
Measured: 10 minutes
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted2 Dec 2019
- Study start1 Dec 2018
- Primary completion1 Mar 2019
- Study completion1 Mar 2019
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Static StretchingStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Marmara UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 216 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Marmara University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Yusuf Hasirci, Marmara University
- Investigators
- Yusuf Hasırcı, Principal investigator, Marmara UniversitySemra Oğuz, Study director, Marmara University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04182139
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 09.2018.479
- Status last verified
- Nov 2019
- First submitted
- 18 Aug 2019
- Last updated
- 2 Dec 2019
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Kubo K, Kanehisa H, Kawakami Y, Fukunaga T. Influence of static stretching on viscoelastic properties of human tendon structures in vivo. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2001 Feb;90(2):520-7. doi: 10.1152/jappl.2001.90.2.520.
PubMed 11160050Apostolopoulos N, Metsios GS, Flouris AD, Koutedakis Y, Wyon MA. The relevance of stretch intensity and position-a systematic review. Front Psychol. 2015 Aug 18;6:1128. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01128. eCollection 2015.
PubMed 26347668
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 2 Dec 2019. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Acute Effects of Static Stretching Intensity and Duration on Muscle Viscoelastic Properties and Proprioception
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04182139
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 09.2018.479
- Conditions
- Static Stretching
- Keywords
- Static Stretching, Stiffness, Proprioception, Healthy adults
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 216 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Marmara UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Dec 2018 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Mar 2019 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Mar 2019 (actual)
- First posted
- 2 Dec 2019 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of this study is to compare the acute effects of different duration and intensity of static stretching exercises on the viscoelastic properties of the hamstring muscle and the knee proprioception.
Detailed description
Traditionally stretching exercises have been used by health professionals as a means of preventing injuries by increasing performance and increasing joint flexibility. Kubo et al. suggest that the potential mechanism of decreased risk of injury with increased flexibility is a change in the viscoelastic properties of the muscle-tendon unit. Muscle fibers and tendons contain proprioceptors. These receptors provide information about joint angle, muscle length and muscle tension. There are two stretch-related proprioceptors that transmit information to the central nervous system about muscle tension. These receptors are muscle spindles (respond to changes in the length) and golgi tendon organs (respond to changes in the tension). For this reason, interactions between muscle tension, muscle-tendon unit, viscoelasticity and proprioceptive tissue (muscle spindles and golgi tendon organ); it becomes important when you think about how stretching exercises affect proprioception, flexibility and increase or decrease of joint range of motion. In the literature, four stretching parameters have been defined as important to influence the potential for increasing or decreasing the flexibility of a joint: intensity, duration, frequency and stretching position. The focus of this study we plan on is the intensity and duration of stretching.
Exercise warming exercises before sportive activity and cooling exercises afterwards are widely suggested and applied. Determining the relationship between stretch severity and duration and viscoelastic properties and proprioception will contribute to the effective creation of training programs.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 6
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| 30 seconds and %50 intensity stretching | Experimental | Other: Static Stretching ExerciseThe participants in this group performed an 30 seconds, %50 intensity static stretching exercise. 3 repetitive static stretching exercises did to hamstring muscles on the dominant side. |
| 30 seconds and %75 intensity stretching | Experimental | Other: Static Stretching ExerciseThe participants in this group performed an 30 seconds, %75 intensity static stretching exercise. 3 repetitive static stretching exercises did to hamstring muscles on the dominant side. |
| 30 seconds and %100 intensity stretching | Experimental | Other: Static Stretching ExerciseThe participants in this group performed an 30 seconds, %100 intensity static stretching exercise. 3 repetitive static stretching exercises did to hamstring muscles on the dominant side. |
| 60 seconds and %50 intensity stretching | Experimental | Other: Static Stretching ExerciseThe participants in this group performed an 60 seconds, %50 intensity static stretching exercise. 3 repetitive static stretching exercises did to hamstring muscles on the dominant side. |
| 60 seconds and %75 intensity stretching | Experimental | Other: Static Stretching ExerciseThe participants in this group performed an 60 seconds, %75 intensity static stretching exercise. 3 repetitive static stretching exercises did to hamstring muscles on the dominant side. |
| 60 seconds and %100 intensity stretching | Experimental | Other: Static Stretching ExerciseThe participants in this group performed an 60 seconds, %100 intensity static stretching exercise. 3 repetitive static stretching exercises did to hamstring muscles on the dominant side. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 45 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Being in the 18-45 age range.
- Volunteer to participate in the study.
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Having had previous lower extremity operations.
- Having an orthopedic, neurological and rheumatologic disease of the lower extremities.
- Having open wound in the application area.
- Having had soft tissue injury in the last 6 weeks in the application area.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Static Stretching ExerciseEach intervention group received a different duration and intensity of static stretching exercise protocol. | Other | 30 seconds and %100 intensity stretching, 30 seconds and %50 intensity stretching, 30 seconds and %75 intensity stretching, 60 seconds and %100 intensity stretching, 60 seconds and %50 intensity stretching, 60 seconds and %75 intensity stretching |
Primary outcome
Change from baseline muscle viscoelastic properties at immediately after exercise
Time frame: 10 minutes
Muscle viscoelastic properties was assessed with Myoton® PRO device. It is an evidence-based device that evaluates the bio-mechanical properties of soft biological tissues in a non-invasive, objective, reliable, inexpensive, quick and easy manner. Myoton® PRO is used in studies to evaluate superficial skeletal muscles, connective tissues such as tendons and ligaments, and other soft tissues. It is a highly reliable method for assessing the tone, stiffness, elasticity of muscles.
Change from baseline proprioception at immediately after exercise
Time frame: 10 minutes
Proprioception was assessed with MarVAJED (Marmara Visual Auditory Joint Education Device). MarVAJED is a system for evaluating joint range of motion, analyzing joint position sense, offering biofeedback support to increase joint control, as well as directing it to controlled exercises. Analyzes joint movement with the help of small sensors. Transfers the obtained data to mobile phone, tablet or personal computer.
Change from baseline static stretching exercise intensity at the beginning of each exercise
Time frame: 10 minutes
A visual analog scale of 100 mm was used to assess the intensity of stretching exercise perceived by the participant at the beginning of each repetition. The visual analog scale is used to visually measure the intensity of the detected mechanical stimulus. 0 means "no stretch" and 100 means "maximum tolerable stretch without pain". Perceived violence from left to right increases.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 2 Dec 2019.
- Background: PubMed 11160050Kubo K, Kanehisa H, Kawakami Y, Fukunaga T. Influence of static stretching on viscoelastic properties of human tendon structures in vivo. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2001 Feb;90(2):520-7. doi: 10.1152/jappl.2001.90.2.520.
- Background: PubMed 26347668Apostolopoulos N, Metsios GS, Flouris AD, Koutedakis Y, Wyon MA. The relevance of stretch intensity and position-a systematic review. Front Psychol. 2015 Aug 18;6:1128. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01128. eCollection 2015.
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Yusuf Hasırcı principal investigator
Marmara University
Semra Oğuz study director
Marmara University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Static Stretching Exercise in people with Static Stretching, run by Marmara University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 2 Dec 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change from baseline muscle viscoelastic properties at immediately after exercise (time frame: 10 minutes). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04182139, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 2 Dec 2019; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 7 Nov 2026.