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Perinatal DepressionSUMMITNCT04153864

Scaling Up Maternal Mental Healthcare by Increasing Access to Treatment (SUMMIT)

A study testing Brief Behavioral Activation Treatment in people with Perinatal Depression, run by Mount Sinai Hospital, Canada at 5 sites in 2 countries.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

SUMMIT's (Scaling Up Maternal Mental health care by Increasing access to Treatment) overarching goal is to examine the scalability and patient-centered provision of brief, evidence-based psychological treatments for perinatal depression and anxiety (N=1226). Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and older, women only
Conditions the study is for
Perinatal Depression
What is being tested?
Brief Behavioral Activation Treatment
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
1,230 participants
Where
5 sitesin 2 countries
Study dates
6 Jan 2020to 13 Feb 2025
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • Women only
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • EPDS≥10
  • ≥18 years
  • Pregnant up to 36 weeks or 4-30 weeks postpartum
  • Speaks English or (US sites) Spanish

Who cannot join

  • Active suicidal intent (ideation and plan), active symptoms of psychosis or mania
  • Psychotropic medication dose or medication change within two weeks of enrollment or beginning treatment
  • Ongoing psychotherapy (no more than once every 8 weeks or during the duration of the intervention)
  • Active substance abuse or dependence
  • Severe fetal anomalies, stillbirth or infant death at time of enrollment for index pregnancy
  • Non-English, non-Spanish speakers

Trial locations and contacts

5 sites in 2 countries.

5 sites in 2 countries

Canada3 sites
  • St. Michael's Hospital

    Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8

  • Sinai Health System

    Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5

  • Women's College Hospital

    Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1B2

Other trials in Canada

United States2 sites
  • University of North Carolina

    Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27514

  • NorthShore University Health System

    Evanston, Illinois, 60201

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: Scaling Up Maternal Mental Healthcare by Increasing Access to Treatment (SUMMIT): A Pragmatic, Non-inferiority Trial for Perinatal Depression and Anxiety

SUMMIT's (Scaling Up Maternal Mental health care by Increasing access to Treatment) overarching goal is to examine the scalability and patient-centered provision of brief, evidence-based psychological treatments for perinatal depression and anxiety (N=1226). Specifically, and through a multi-site, randomized, pragmatic trial, the trial examines whether a brief, behavioral activation (BA) treatment delivered via telemedicine is as effective as the same treatment delivered in person; and whether BA delivered by non-mental health providers (e.g., nurses), with appropriate training is as effective as when delivered by specialist providers (psychiatrists, psychologists and social workers) in reducing perinatal depressive and anxiety symptoms. The study will be conducted in Toronto, NorthShore University HealthSystem in Evanston and surrounding areas including Chicago, and North Carolina. The trial will also identify relevant underlying implementation processes and determine whether, and to what extent, these strategies work differentially for certain women over others.

Read the detailed description

Eligible participants are randomly assigned to the same BA treatment for perinatal depressive and anxiety symptoms in one of four arms: 1) In-person specialist; 2) Telemedicine specialist; 3) In-person non-specialist; 4) Telemedicine non-specialist. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, recruitment was adjusted as below:

  1. March 2020-July 2021: For the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic period participants were only randomized 1:1 to 1) Telemedicine non-specialist; 2) Telemedicine specialist.
  2. July 2021 to January 2022: Randomization of participants to all 4 arms resumed, using a raking approach (weight ratio of 3:1 favoring In-Person to Telemedicine), to rebalance the arms.
  3. January 2022 to April 2022: In light of the COVID-19 Omicron variant, participants were only randomized 1:1 to 1) Telemedicine non-specialist; 2) Telemedicine specialist.
  4. April 2022 to present: Randomization of participants to all 4 arms resumed at all sites (ratio 1:1:1:1) to 1) In-person specialist; 2) Telemedicine specialist; 3) In-person non-specialist; 4) Telemedicine non-specialist. Randomization to all 4 arms will be followed until in-person arms are fully enrolled after which randomization 1:1 to the two telemedicine arms will be followed. A flexible study design was established at each site based on site-specific COVID restrictions.

This approach was verified by the study statistician, an independent methodologist and the study funder. All analyses will be run as both intent-to-treat and per protocol.

Being tested
Brief Behavioral Activation Treatment
Keywords
Depression, Anxiety, Maternal mental health, Behavioral Activation
Medical subject headings
Depression, Anxiety Disorders

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Brief Behavioral Activation TreatmentBehavioural

    Also called Brief evidence-based Psychological Treatment of BA for perinatal depressive and anxiety symptoms

    A manualized 6-8 session BA treatment delivered individually to each participant.

Study groups in NCT04153864
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Non-specialistExperimentalTrained non-mental health providers (e.g., nurses or midwives) with general healthcare professional skills (as assessed during recruitment) with no previous experience delivering psychological treatments implementing a brief, manualized behavioral activation treatment
Receives: Behavioral: Brief Behavioral Activation Treatment
SpecialistActive comparatorPsychiatrists, psychologists and social workers with experience in treating perinatal mental illness and a minimum of 5 years of experience delivering psychological treatments delivering a brief, manualized behavioral activation treatment
Receives: Behavioral: Brief Behavioral Activation Treatment
TelemedicineExperimentalA brief, manualized behavioral activation treatment delivered over Zoom™ in Toronto, via Webex™ in Chapel Hill, and via Zoom™ in NorthShore
Receives: Behavioral: Brief Behavioral Activation Treatment
In-PersonActive comparatorA brief, manualized behavioral activation treatment delivered in-person held at participating clinical care sites within UToronto, UNC and NorthShore
Receives: Behavioral: Brief Behavioral Activation Treatment

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Depressive Symptoms: Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) Mean Score

    Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is a brief, 10-item self-administered questionnaire used to help identify perinatal depressive symptoms. Each item is scored from 0 to 3, with a total summed score ranging from 0-30. Higher EPDS total scores indicates higher severity of depressive symptoms.

    Measured: 3-months post-randomization

Secondary outcomes (3)
  1. Depressive Symptoms: Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) Mean Score

    Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is a brief, 10-item self-administered questionnaire used to help identify perinatal depressive symptoms. Each item is scored from 0 to 3, with a total summed score ranging from 0-30. Higher EPDS total scores indicates higher severity of depressive symptoms.

    Measured: 6- and 12-months post-randomization

  2. Anxiety Symptoms: Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) Mean Score

    Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) is a brief, 7-item self-administered questionnaire used to screen for and assess the anxiety symptoms. Each item is scored from 0 to 3, with a total summed score ranging from 0-21. Higher GAD-7 total scores indicates a greater severity of anxiety symptoms.

    Measured: 3-months post-randomization

  3. Child Mental Health Development

    Child mental development was measured by Bayley Mental Developmental Scale IV and the provision of psychosocial stimulation by the mother (study participant) as measured by the Home Observation Measurement Evaluation. The Bayley Mental Developmental Scale IV was used to measure cognitive development and expressive and receptive language in participants' children. The composite scores are scaled to a metric, with a mean of 100, standard deviation of 15, and range of 40 to 160. Higher scaled scores are associated with higher mental health development in children. The minimum and maximum values for the Home Observation Measurement Evaluation scale scores are 0 and 45 respectively. Higher scores are associated with a more enriched environment.

    Measured: 6 to 24 months post child birth (extended due to COVID-19)

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted6 Nov 2019
  2. Study start6 Jan 2020
  3. Primary completion26 Feb 2024
  4. Study completion13 Feb 2025

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Factorial
Model description
The intervention modules include: 1. Brief BA psychological treatment delivered by a non-specialist provider 2. Brief BA psychological treatment delivered through telemedicine
Masking
Double blind
Who is masked
Investigator, Outcomes assessor
Enrolment
1,230 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT04153864
Sponsor's protocol ID
PCS-2018C1-10621
Acronym
SUMMIT
Status last verified
Jul 2025
First submitted
4 Nov 2019
Last updated
14 Aug 2025
Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Publications

  • Cox JL, Holden JM, Sagovsky R. Detection of postnatal depression. Development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Br J Psychiatry. 1987 Jun;150:782-6. doi: 10.1192/bjp.150.6.782.

    PubMed 3651732
  • Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JB, Lowe B. A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Arch Intern Med. 2006 May 22;166(10):1092-7. doi: 10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092.

    PubMed 16717171
  • Bradley RH, Caldwell BM. The HOME Inventory and family demographics. Developmental Psychology 1984; 20(2): 315.

  • Bayley N. Bayley Scales of Infant Development and Toddler Development: Technical Manual: The PsychCorp; 2006.

  • McCabe-Beane JE, Segre LS, Perkhounkova Y, Stuart S, O'Hara MW. The identification of severity ranges for the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology. 2016;34(3):293-303.

  • Simpson W, Glazer M, Michalski N, Steiner M, Frey BN. Comparative efficacy of the generalized anxiety disorder 7-item scale and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale as screening tools for generalized anxiety disorder in pregnancy and the postpartum period. Can J Psychiatry. 2014 Aug;59(8):434-40. doi: 10.1177/070674371405900806.

    PubMed 25161068
  • Andrejek N, Lea Z, Cussons A, Sandeep S, Dennis CL, La Porte LM, Vigod SN, Silver RK, Meltzer-Brody S, Singla DR. Advancing telemedicine and task-sharing to improve access to psychotherapy for perinatal populations. Commun Med (Lond). 2025 Sep 30;5(1):406. doi: 10.1038/s43856-025-01099-9.

    PubMed 41028222
  • Zaidan M, Lawson AS, Andrejek N, Walsh K, Dennis CL, Meltzer-Brody S, Silver RK, Stuebe AM, Vigod SN, Singla DR. Bridges to treatment satisfaction: the roles of trauma, social support, race and ethnicity among perinatal women receiving behavioural activation therapy. BMC Med. 2025 Aug 20;23(1):489. doi: 10.1186/s12916-025-04272-y.

    PubMed 40835941
  • Kaliush PR, Molina NC, Berenbaum TS, Dennis CL, Gaynes BN, Meltzer-Brody S, Reyes-Rodriguez ML, Silver RK, Stuebe AM, Vigod SN, Schiller CE, Singla DR. Behavioral Activation for Perinatal Suicide Ideation: Secondary Analysis of a Noninferiority Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2025 Dec 1;82(12):1234-1239. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.2116.

    PubMed 40833774
  • Andrejek N, Ravitz P, Mikelsteins K, La Porte L, Kim JJ, Schiller CE, Reyes-Rodriguez ML, Barker LC, Dennis CL, Silver RK, Meltzer-Brody S, Singla DR. Clinical Supervision Models for Non-specialist Providers Delivering Psychotherapy: A Qualitative Analysis. Adm Policy Ment Health. 2025 Sep;52(5):932-949. doi: 10.1007/s10488-025-01450-1. Epub 2025 Jun 3.

    PubMed 40459806
  • Singla DR, Silver RK, Vigod SN, Schoueri-Mychasiw N, Kim JJ, La Porte LM, Ravitz P, Schiller CE, Lawson AS, Kiss A, Hollon SD, Dennis CL, Berenbaum TS, Krohn HA, Gibori JE, Charlebois J, Clark DM, Dalfen AK, Davis W, Gaynes BN, Leszcz M, Katz SR, Murphy KE, Naslund JA, Reyes-Rodriguez ML, Stuebe AM, Zlobin C, Mulsant BH, Patel V, Meltzer-Brody S. Task-sharing and telemedicine delivery of psychotherapy to treat perinatal depression: a pragmatic, noninferiority randomized trial. Nat Med. 2025 Apr;31(4):1214-1224. doi: 10.1038/s41591-024-03482-w. Epub 2025 Mar 3.

    PubMed 40033113
  • Singla DR, Hossain S, Andrejek N, Cohen MJ, Dennis CL, Kim J, La Porte L, Meltzer-Brody SE, Puerto Nino A, Ravitz P, Schoueri-Mychasiw N, Silver R, Vigod SN, Zibaman M, Schiller CE. Culturally sensitive psychotherapy for perinatal women: A mixed methods study. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2022 Oct;90(10):770-786. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000754. Epub 2022 Sep 29.

    PubMed 36174135
  • Singla DR, Meltzer-Brody SE, Silver RK, Vigod SN, Kim JJ, La Porte LM, Ravitz P, Schiller CE, Schoueri-Mychasiw N, Hollon SD, Kiss A, Clark D, Dalfen AK, Dimidjian S, Gaynes BN, Katz SR, Lawson A, Leszcz M, Maunder RG, Mulsant BH, Murphy KE, Naslund JA, Reyes-Rodriguez ML, Stuebe AM, Dennis CL, Patel V. Scaling Up Maternal Mental healthcare by Increasing access to Treatment (SUMMIT) through non-specialist providers and telemedicine: a study protocol for a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2021 Mar 5;22(1):186. doi: 10.1186/s13063-021-05075-1.

    PubMed 33673867

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Brief Behavioral Activation Treatment in people with Perinatal Depression, run by Mount Sinai Hospital, Canada at 5 sites in 2 countries.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 14 Aug 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 5 sites in Canada, United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 14 Aug 2025). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Depressive Symptoms: Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) Mean Score (time frame: 3-months post-randomization). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04153864, which also lists 13 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 14 Aug 2025.

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