Diamond Blackfan AnemiaPhase 1/2DBANCT03966053
The Use of Trifluoperazine in Transfusion Dependent DBA
A Phase 1/2 study testing Trifluoperazine in people with Diamond Blackfan Anemia and Pure Red Cell Aplasia, run by Adrianna Vlachos, MD at 2 sites in United States.
Trial summary
Diamond Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare inherited pure red cell aplasia. The two main non-stem cell transplant therapeutic options are corticosteroids and red blood cell (RBC) transfusions. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Diamond Blackfan Anemia, Pure Red Cell Aplasia
- What is being tested?
- Trifluoperazine
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 2 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesUnited States
- Study dates
- 13 Sep 2019to 13 Oct 2021
- Phase
- Phase 1/2
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Men and women age: 18 years and <65 years of age.
- Weight: ≥45 kilograms.
- DBA diagnosed according to the DBA criteria (Vlachos, 2008)
- RBC transfusion-dependence (defined as 2 units packed RBCs per 28 days averaged over 84 days [12 weeks] prior to study entry)
- Calculated creatinine clearance > 30 mL/min
- Karnofsky performance status scale score ≥ 70
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- Female subjects of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test and use highly effective methods of birth control during the study
- Male subjects must agree to use a latex condom during any sexual contact with females of childbearing potential while participating in the study
- Agreement to adhere to the study visit schedule, understand and comply with all protocol requirements.
Who cannot join
- Liver: aspartate aminotransferase (AST) > 5 x the upper limit of normal (ULN), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >5 x ULN, or bilirubin > 5 x ULN
- Heart disease (New York Heart Association classification of ≥ 3)
- History of angina
- Uncontrolled hypertension
- Subjects currently responsive to corticosteroids for treatment of DBA.
- Treatment with another investigational drug or device <56 days pre-study entry.
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- Pregnant or lactating females
- Any history of severe allergic reaction requiring the use of epinephrine
- Known hypersensitivity to the study drug or other phenothiazines
- History or presence of extrapyramidal signs
- History of cancer
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country.
United States2 sites
Boston Children's hospital
Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research
Manhasset, New York, 11030
About this study
Official title: Phase I/II, Open Label Study to Determine Safety of Trifluoperazine (TFP) in Adults With Red Blood Cell Transfusion-Dependent Diamond Blackfan Anemia
Diamond Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare inherited pure red cell aplasia. The two main non-stem cell transplant therapeutic options are corticosteroids and red blood cell (RBC) transfusions. About 80% of DBA patients initially respond to corticosteroids, however, half of the patients cannot continue due to side effects or loss of response. These patients are then typically dependent on RBC transfusions throughout life. Each of these treatments is fraught with many side effects and significant morbidity and mortality are potential consequences of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). The majority of individuals with DBA have mutations in genes encoding structural proteins of the small or large ribosomal subunit leading to deficiency of the particular ribosomal protein (RP). Using the RP deficient zebrafish embryo model, high throughput drug screens have demonstrated a strong hematologic response to several calmodulin inhibitors. One of these chemicals is trifluoperazine (TFP). TFP treatment of a mouse model of DBA also increased the red blood cell count and the hemoglobin (Hb) levels in the mice. TFP is a FDA-approved typical antipsychotic agent that has been available since 1958 with a well-known safety profile. In the United States, TFP is approved for the short-term treatment of generalized non-psychotic anxiety; treatment or prevention of nausea and vomiting of various causes; and, management of psychotic disorders.
This study aims to determine the safety/tolerability of TFP in adult subjects with DBA. TFP's expected dose-limiting toxicity is primarily neurologic (extrapyramidal) when used long-term at typical anti-psychotic doses (range 10-50 mg daily). Non-neurologic adverse effects in subjects with DBA have not been investigated. We will perform a dose escalation study to define the safety and tolerability of lower doses of this agent in subjects with DBA. To mitigate the potential risks of administering TFP to this new population, we will (1) start dosing at dose levels well below those prescribed for psychosis, (2) dose escalate to a maximum of 10 mg daily (the lowest dose typically prescribed for psychosis), and (3) perform weekly safety monitoring. Given the positive signal in DBA animal models and the 60-year clinical experience with higher doses of TFP, this drug warrants a trial in humans to assess tolerability in DBA.
Read the detailed description
This is a dose escalation safety/tolerability study to evaluate the presence of TFP-related adverse events in DBA subjects, and to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of TFP in DBA.
If tolerated, this trial will support either a proof of concept trial of low-dose TFP in DBA, or the advancement of a chemically modified TFP-like drug (to alleviate the neurologic toxicity) for the treatment of DBA.
- Conditions
- Diamond Blackfan Anemia, Pure Red Cell Aplasia
- Being tested
- Trifluoperazine
- Keywords
- Diamond Blackfan Anemia
- Medical subject headings
- Anemia, Diamond-Blackfan, Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
TrifluoperazineDrug
Also called TFP
Trifluoperazine (TFP)1mg, 2mg, 5mg, or 10mg will be given once daily by mouth for 21 days
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Cohort A | Experimental | Cohort A: Three subjects will receive Trifluoperazine (TFP) 1 mg PO daily.
* If there is no non-neurologic toxicity Grade 3 at the end of the 21 days, Cohort B will start.
* If 1/3 subjects in Cohort A demonstrates toxicity Grade 3, an additional 3 subjects will be enrolled in Cohort A.
* If 2 or more of the 6 subjects in Cohort A demonstrate toxicity Grade 3, the trial will be stopped; no MTD will be declared.
* If less than 2 of the 6 subjects in Cohort A demonstrate toxicity Grade 3 within 21 days of starting therapy, Cohort B will start. Receives: Drug: Trifluoperazine |
| Cohort B | Experimental | Cohort B: Three subjects will receive TFP 2 mg PO daily.
* If there is no non-neurologic toxicity Grade 3 at the end of the 21 days, Cohort C will start.
* If 1/3 subjects in Cohort B demonstrates toxicity Grade 3, an additional 3 subjects will be enrolled in Cohort B:
* If 2 or more of the 6 subjects in Cohort B demonstrate toxicity Grade 3, the study will be stopped, and 1 mg/day will be declared the MTD.
* If < 2 of the 6 subjects in Cohort B demonstrate toxicity Grade 3 within 21 days of starting therapy, Cohort C will start. Receives: Drug: Trifluoperazine |
| Cohort C | Experimental | Cohort C: Three subjects will receive TFP 5 mg PO daily.
* If there is no non-neurologic toxicity ≥ Grade 3 at the end of the 21 days, Cohort D will start.
* If 1/3 subjects in Cohort C demonstrates toxicity Grade 3, an additional 3 subjects will be enrolled in Cohort C:
* If 2 or more of the 6 subjects in Cohort C demonstrate toxicity Grade 3, the study will be stopped, and 2 mg/day will be declared the MTD.
* If < 2 of the 6 subjects in Cohort C demonstrate toxicity Grade 3 within 21 days of starting therapy, cohort D will start. Receives: Drug: Trifluoperazine |
| Cohort D | Experimental | Cohort D: Three subjects will receive TFP 10 mg PO daily.
* If 0/3 subjects in Cohort D demonstrates toxicity Grade 3, the study will be stopped, and 10 mg/day will be declared the MTD.
* If 1/3 subjects in Cohort D demonstrates toxicity Grade 3, an additional 3 subjects will be enrolled in Cohort D.
* If 2 or more of the 6 subjects in Cohort D demonstrate toxicity Grade 3, the study will be stopped, and 5 mg/day will be declared the MTD.
* If <2 of the 6 subjects in Cohort D demonstrate toxicity > Grade 3 within 21 days of starting therapy, 10mg/day will be declared the MTD. Receives: Drug: Trifluoperazine |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Number of Participants With Treatment-related Adverse Events as Assessed by the Simpson-Angus Scale and CTCAE v4.0
Each subject will undergo weekly safety assessment using the Simpson-Angus Extrapyramidal Side Effects Scale to determine the safety of TFP in this new population of patients. The subjects will also undergo weekly bloodwork to evaluate for any liver or kidney abnormalities as well as a complete blood count and reticulocyte count. All dosed subjects will be followed for an additional 1 week after discontinuing study drug (post-study safety follow-up). There will be no more than 6 subjects enrolled at any particular time.
Treatment will be discontinued for any subject if their Hb is > 12 gm/dL , and not associated with RBC transfusions.
Measured: The subjects will be evaluated weekly for 4 weeks after the start of the 21-day course, 3 weeks while on the study drug and one week after completion.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted29 May 2019
- Study start13 Sep 2019
- Primary completion13 Oct 2021
- Study completion13 Oct 2021
Why it stopped: Supporter terminated study due to slow subject accrual secondary to COVID pandemic limiting travel to research site.
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Other trials for Diamond Blackfan AnemiaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 1/2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Sequential
- Model description
- Dose escalation study
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 2 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Adrianna Vlachos, MD
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Adrianna Vlachos, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research
- Investigators
- Adrianna Vlachos, MD, Principal investigator, Northwell Health
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03966053
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 17-0748
- Acronym
- DBA
- Status last verified
- Nov 2022
- First submitted
- 23 May 2019
- Last updated
- 14 Dec 2022
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 14 Dec 2022. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Phase I/II, Open Label Study to Determine Safety of Trifluoperazine (TFP) in Adults With Red Blood Cell Transfusion-Dependent Diamond Blackfan Anemia
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03966053
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- DBA / 17-0748
- Conditions
- Diamond Blackfan Anemia, Pure Red Cell Aplasia
- Keywords
- Diamond Blackfan Anemia
- Phase
- Phase 1/2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- TerminatedReason stopped: Supporter terminated study due to slow subject accrual secondary to COVID pandemic limiting travel to research site.
- Enrolment
- 2 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Adrianna Vlachos, MDUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 13 Sep 2019 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 13 Oct 2021 (actual)
- Study completion
- 13 Oct 2021 (actual)
- First posted
- 29 May 2019 (actual)
- Results
- Posted 14 Dec 2022
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Diamond Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare inherited pure red cell aplasia. The two main non-stem cell transplant therapeutic options are corticosteroids and red blood cell (RBC) transfusions. About 80% of DBA patients initially respond to corticosteroids, however, half of the patients cannot continue due to side effects or loss of response. These patients are then typically dependent on RBC transfusions throughout life. Each of these treatments is fraught with many side effects and significant morbidity and mortality are potential consequences of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). The majority of individuals with DBA have mutations in genes encoding structural proteins of the small or large ribosomal subunit leading to deficiency of the particular ribosomal protein (RP). Using the RP deficient zebrafish embryo model, high throughput drug screens have demonstrated a strong hematologic response to several calmodulin inhibitors. One of these chemicals is trifluoperazine (TFP). TFP treatment of a mouse model of DBA also increased the red blood cell count and the hemoglobin (Hb) levels in the mice. TFP is a FDA-approved typical antipsychotic agent that has been available since 1958 with a well-known safety profile. In the United States, TFP is approved for the short-term treatment of generalized non-psychotic anxiety; treatment or prevention of nausea and vomiting of various causes; and, management of psychotic disorders.
This study aims to determine the safety/tolerability of TFP in adult subjects with DBA. TFP's expected dose-limiting toxicity is primarily neurologic (extrapyramidal) when used long-term at typical anti-psychotic doses (range 10-50 mg daily). Non-neurologic adverse effects in subjects with DBA have not been investigated. We will perform a dose escalation study to define the safety and tolerability of lower doses of this agent in subjects with DBA. To mitigate the potential risks of administering TFP to this new population, we will (1) start dosing at dose levels well below those prescribed for psychosis, (2) dose escalate to a maximum of 10 mg daily (the lowest dose typically prescribed for psychosis), and (3) perform weekly safety monitoring. Given the positive signal in DBA animal models and the 60-year clinical experience with higher doses of TFP, this drug warrants a trial in humans to assess tolerability in DBA.
Detailed description
This is a dose escalation safety/tolerability study to evaluate the presence of TFP-related adverse events in DBA subjects, and to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of TFP in DBA.
If tolerated, this trial will support either a proof of concept trial of low-dose TFP in DBA, or the advancement of a chemically modified TFP-like drug (to alleviate the neurologic toxicity) for the treatment of DBA.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Sequential
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 4
- Model description
- Dose escalation study
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Cohort A | Experimental | Drug: TrifluoperazineCohort A: Three subjects will receive Trifluoperazine (TFP) 1 mg PO daily. * If there is no non-neurologic toxicity Grade 3 at the end of the 21 days, Cohort B will start. * If 1/3 subjects in Cohort A demonstrates toxicity Grade 3, an additional 3 subjects will be enrolled in Cohort A. * If 2 or more of the 6 subjects in Cohort A demonstrate toxicity Grade 3, the trial will be stopped; no MTD will be declared. * If less than 2 of the 6 subjects in Cohort A demonstrate toxicity Grade 3 within 21 days of starting therapy, Cohort B will start. |
| Cohort B | Experimental | Drug: TrifluoperazineCohort B: Three subjects will receive TFP 2 mg PO daily. * If there is no non-neurologic toxicity Grade 3 at the end of the 21 days, Cohort C will start. * If 1/3 subjects in Cohort B demonstrates toxicity Grade 3, an additional 3 subjects will be enrolled in Cohort B: * If 2 or more of the 6 subjects in Cohort B demonstrate toxicity Grade 3, the study will be stopped, and 1 mg/day will be declared the MTD. * If < 2 of the 6 subjects in Cohort B demonstrate toxicity Grade 3 within 21 days of starting therapy, Cohort C will start. |
| Cohort C | Experimental | Drug: TrifluoperazineCohort C: Three subjects will receive TFP 5 mg PO daily. * If there is no non-neurologic toxicity ≥ Grade 3 at the end of the 21 days, Cohort D will start. * If 1/3 subjects in Cohort C demonstrates toxicity Grade 3, an additional 3 subjects will be enrolled in Cohort C: * If 2 or more of the 6 subjects in Cohort C demonstrate toxicity Grade 3, the study will be stopped, and 2 mg/day will be declared the MTD. * If < 2 of the 6 subjects in Cohort C demonstrate toxicity Grade 3 within 21 days of starting therapy, cohort D will start. |
| Cohort D | Experimental | Drug: TrifluoperazineCohort D: Three subjects will receive TFP 10 mg PO daily. * If 0/3 subjects in Cohort D demonstrates toxicity Grade 3, the study will be stopped, and 10 mg/day will be declared the MTD. * If 1/3 subjects in Cohort D demonstrates toxicity Grade 3, an additional 3 subjects will be enrolled in Cohort D. * If 2 or more of the 6 subjects in Cohort D demonstrate toxicity Grade 3, the study will be stopped, and 5 mg/day will be declared the MTD. * If <2 of the 6 subjects in Cohort D demonstrate toxicity > Grade 3 within 21 days of starting therapy, 10mg/day will be declared the MTD. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (9 listed)
- Men and women age: 18 years and <65 years of age.
- Weight: ≥45 kilograms.
- DBA diagnosed according to the DBA criteria (Vlachos, 2008)
- RBC transfusion-dependence (defined as 2 units packed RBCs per 28 days averaged over 84 days [12 weeks] prior to study entry)
- Calculated creatinine clearance > 30 mL/min
Key exclusion criteria (11 listed)
- Liver: aspartate aminotransferase (AST) > 5 x the upper limit of normal (ULN), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >5 x ULN, or bilirubin > 5 x ULN
- Heart disease (New York Heart Association classification of ≥ 3)
- History of angina
- Uncontrolled hypertension
- Subjects currently responsive to corticosteroids for treatment of DBA.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| TrifluoperazineAlso: TFPTrifluoperazine (TFP)1mg, 2mg, 5mg, or 10mg will be given once daily by mouth for 21 days | Drug | Cohort A, Cohort B, Cohort C, Cohort D |
Primary outcome
Number of Participants With Treatment-related Adverse Events as Assessed by the Simpson-Angus Scale and CTCAE v4.0
Time frame: The subjects will be evaluated weekly for 4 weeks after the start of the 21-day course, 3 weeks while on the study drug and one week after completion.
Each subject will undergo weekly safety assessment using the Simpson-Angus Extrapyramidal Side Effects Scale to determine the safety of TFP in this new population of patients. The subjects will also undergo weekly bloodwork to evaluate for any liver or kidney abnormalities as well as a complete blood count and reticulocyte count. All dosed subjects will be followed for an additional 1 week after discontinuing study drug (post-study safety follow-up). There will be no more than 6 subjects enrolled at any particular time. Treatment will be discontinued for any subject if their Hb is > 12 gm/dL , and not associated with RBC transfusions.
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 14 Dec 2022.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Adrianna Vlachos, MD principal investigator
Northwell Health
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 1/2 study testing Trifluoperazine in people with Diamond Blackfan Anemia and Pure Red Cell Aplasia, run by Adrianna Vlachos, MD at 2 sites in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 9 inclusion and 11 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: stopped early, as of the sponsor's last update on 14 Dec 2022. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this combined phase mean?
Phase 1 studies test a treatment in a small group of people for the first time or in a new way, mainly to check safety and find the right dose.
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 14 Dec 2022). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Number of Participants With Treatment-related Adverse Events as Assessed by the Simpson-Angus Scale and CTCAE v4.0 (time frame: The subjects will be evaluated weekly for 4 weeks after the start of the 21-day course, 3 weeks while on the study drug and one week after completion.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 14 Dec 2022.