Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2NCT03962686
Molecular Mechanisms and Carotid Atherosclerosis
An observational study of Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 and Atherosclerosis of Artery, run by University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli at 1 site in Italy.
Trial summary
The role of methylase system and Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) in the accelerated atherosclerotic progression of diabetic patients is unclear. Authors will evaluate methylase activity and PCSK9 in carotid plaques of asymptomatic diabetic and non diabetic patients, as well as the effect of… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 75 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Atherosclerosis of Artery, Atherosclerotic Plaque
- What is being tested?
- statin Oral Tablet plus PCSK9i
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine, Injection or infusion
- How many people
- 76 participants
- Where
- 1 siteItaly
- Study dates
- 1 Jan 2015to 1 Jan 2018
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 75 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: Study population will be divided in 30 normoglycemics patients vs. 46 DM patients. DM patients will be divided in patients previous treated by oral daily statin therapy (23 patients) vs. DM patients (n 20) previous treated by daily statin therapy plus 140 mg twice a month of PCSK9i. All patients will be affected by severe obstructive carotid artery atherosclerosis.
Who may be able to join
- evidence of carotid artery atherosclerosis with endoluminal stenosis > 60%;
- aged >18 years.
- aged <75 years
Who cannot join
- insulin dependent DM;
- absence of carotid artery atherosclerosis with endoluminal stenosis > 60%;
- contraindication to receive a carotid artery revascularization treatment;
- --contraindication to receive metformin treatment;
- controindication to receive PCSK9i treatment;
- neoplastic diseases;
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Molecular Mechanisms Implied in Carotid Atherosclerosis and Atherosclerotic Plaque Progression in Patients Normoglycemics vs. Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
The role of methylase system and Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) in the accelerated atherosclerotic progression of diabetic patients is unclear. Authors will evaluate methylase activity and PCSK9 in carotid plaques of asymptomatic diabetic and non diabetic patients, as well as the effect of statin added to PCSK9 inhibitors (PCSK9i) therapy vs. statin alone in diabetic plaques. Plaques will be obtained from 43 type 2 diabetic and 30 non diabetic patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. Diabetic patients will receive statin therapy (n 23) or statin plus PCSK9i (140 mg of evolocumab; n 20) or placebo (n 23) for 4 months before scheduled endarterectomy. Plaques will be analyzed for macrophages (CD68), T-cells (CD3), inflammatory cells (HLADR), methylase activity, nuclear factor (NF)-KB, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, nitrotyrosine, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and collagen content (immunohistochemistry and enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay. Authors' study hypothesis is that methylase and PCSK9 over-activity will be associated with enhanced inflammatory reaction and NF-KB expression in diabetic plaques. Secondly, the inhibition of methylase activity in atherosclerotic lesions of diabetic patients by metformin plus SLGT2i might be associated with morphological and compositional characteristics of a potential stable plaque phenotype, possibly by down regulating NF-KB-mediated inflammatory pathways.
Read the detailed description
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) leads to increased vulnerability for plaque disruption and mediates increased incidence and severity of clinical events. Inflammation, particularly in diabetes, plays a central role in the cascade of events that result in plaque erosion and fissuring. There is emerging evidence that the methylase system might be involved in both initial stage and progression of atherosclerosis. Moreover, the methylase system might be involved in inflammatory/oxidative stress pathway, involved for activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-KB), and other proteins linked to over inflammation/oxidative stress. Although it has been demonstrated that diabetes may up regulate these inflammatory/oxidative pathway, still no evidence exists about the potential role of methylase system in the evolution of atherosclerotic plaques of diabetic patients. Conversely, less data have been reported about the possible modulation of these pathways by drugs as PCSK9i. However, in the present study authors hypothesized that by increasing methylase activity, diabetes may enhance the inflammatory potential of atherosclerotic plaques favoring instability, and its relation with the expression of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). Therefore, authors designed this study to identify differences in inflammatory infiltration as well as methylase activity and PCSK9 expression between carotid plaques of asymptomatic diabetic and non diabetic (normoglycemics) patients. Because experimental and pathological studies suggest that activation of methylase system might control inflammation/oxidative stress, the present study also evaluated the effect of the statin added to PCSK9i (vs. statin alone) on methylase activity and PCSK9 expression in carotid plaques of diabetic patients.
- Being tested
- statin Oral Tablet plus PCSK9i
- Medical subject headings
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Plaque, Atherosclerotic
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
statin Oral Tablet plus PCSK9iDrug
Patients in the third study cohort will receive for statin oral therapy plus 140 mg twice a month PCSK9i therapy via subcutaneous injection before to practice surgical intervention for carotid artery obstruction.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| normoglycemics | In this cohort will be enrolled 30 normoglycemics patients affected by carotid artery atherosclerotic and evidence of atherosclerotic plaque causing an endolumninal stenosis > 60%. These patients will receive a surgical intervention to remove the atherosclerotic plaque and to revascularize the obstructed coronary artery vessel. | |
| patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) treated with statin | In this cohort will be enrolled 23 DM patients affected by carotid artery atherosclerotic and evidence of atherosclerotic plaque causing an endolumninal stenosis > 60%. These patients will receive a surgical intervention to remove the atherosclerotic plaque and to revascularize the obstructed coronary artery vessel. | |
| patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) treated with statin plus PCSK9i | In this cohort will be enrolled 20 DM patients affected by carotid artery atherosclerotic and evidence of atherosclerotic plaque causing an endolumninal stenosis > 60%. These patients will receive a surgical intervention to remove the atherosclerotic plaque and to revascularize the obstructed coronary artery vessel. These patients were treated before the surgical intervention by statin therapy daily (n 20) added to PCSK9i, 140 mg twice a month (n 30). Receives: Drug: statin Oral Tablet plus PCSK9i |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
methylase status
to evaluate the activity (over vs. hypo activation) of methylase complex in atherosclerotic carotid plaques of normoglycemics vs. DM patients, and of DM patients treated with statin vs. DM patients previous treated by statin plus PCSK9i
Measured: 12 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 May 2019
- Study start1 Jan 2015
- Primary completion1 Jan 2017
- Study completion1 Jan 2018
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Case-control
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 76 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Celestino Sardu, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03962686
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- SecondUNI 22.05.2019
- Status last verified
- Aug 2022
- First submitted
- 22 May 2019
- Last updated
- 3 Aug 2022
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 3 Aug 2022. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Molecular Mechanisms Implied in Carotid Atherosclerosis and Atherosclerotic Plaque Progression in Patients Normoglycemics vs. Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03962686
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- SecondUNI 22.05.2019
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 76 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of Campania Luigi VanvitelliUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jan 2015 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jan 2017 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Jan 2018 (actual)
- First posted
- 24 May 2019 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The role of methylase system and Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) in the accelerated atherosclerotic progression of diabetic patients is unclear. Authors will evaluate methylase activity and PCSK9 in carotid plaques of asymptomatic diabetic and non diabetic patients, as well as the effect of statin added to PCSK9 inhibitors (PCSK9i) therapy vs. statin alone in diabetic plaques. Plaques will be obtained from 43 type 2 diabetic and 30 non diabetic patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. Diabetic patients will receive statin therapy (n 23) or statin plus PCSK9i (140 mg of evolocumab; n 20) or placebo (n 23) for 4 months before scheduled endarterectomy. Plaques will be analyzed for macrophages (CD68), T-cells (CD3), inflammatory cells (HLADR), methylase activity, nuclear factor (NF)-KB, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, nitrotyrosine, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and collagen content (immunohistochemistry and enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay. Authors' study hypothesis is that methylase and PCSK9 over-activity will be associated with enhanced inflammatory reaction and NF-KB expression in diabetic plaques. Secondly, the inhibition of methylase activity in atherosclerotic lesions of diabetic patients by metformin plus SLGT2i might be associated with morphological and compositional characteristics of a potential stable plaque phenotype, possibly by down regulating NF-KB-mediated inflammatory pathways.
Detailed description
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) leads to increased vulnerability for plaque disruption and mediates increased incidence and severity of clinical events. Inflammation, particularly in diabetes, plays a central role in the cascade of events that result in plaque erosion and fissuring. There is emerging evidence that the methylase system might be involved in both initial stage and progression of atherosclerosis. Moreover, the methylase system might be involved in inflammatory/oxidative stress pathway, involved for activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-KB), and other proteins linked to over inflammation/oxidative stress. Although it has been demonstrated that diabetes may up regulate these inflammatory/oxidative pathway, still no evidence exists about the potential role of methylase system in the evolution of atherosclerotic plaques of diabetic patients. Conversely, less data have been reported about the possible modulation of these pathways by drugs as PCSK9i. However, in the present study authors hypothesized that by increasing methylase activity, diabetes may enhance the inflammatory potential of atherosclerotic plaques favoring instability, and its relation with the expression of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). Therefore, authors designed this study to identify differences in inflammatory infiltration as well as methylase activity and PCSK9 expression between carotid plaques of asymptomatic diabetic and non diabetic (normoglycemics) patients. Because experimental and pathological studies suggest that activation of methylase system might control inflammation/oxidative stress, the present study also evaluated the effect of the statin added to PCSK9i (vs. statin alone) on methylase activity and PCSK9 expression in carotid plaques of diabetic patients.
Study design
- Observational model
- Case-control
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| normoglycemics | – | –In this cohort will be enrolled 30 normoglycemics patients affected by carotid artery atherosclerotic and evidence of atherosclerotic plaque causing an endolumninal stenosis > 60%. These patients will receive a surgical intervention to remove the atherosclerotic plaque and to revascularize the obstructed coronary artery vessel. |
| patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) treated with statin | – | –In this cohort will be enrolled 23 DM patients affected by carotid artery atherosclerotic and evidence of atherosclerotic plaque causing an endolumninal stenosis > 60%. These patients will receive a surgical intervention to remove the atherosclerotic plaque and to revascularize the obstructed coronary artery vessel. |
| patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) treated with statin plus PCSK9i | – | Drug: statin Oral Tablet plus PCSK9iIn this cohort will be enrolled 20 DM patients affected by carotid artery atherosclerotic and evidence of atherosclerotic plaque causing an endolumninal stenosis > 60%. These patients will receive a surgical intervention to remove the atherosclerotic plaque and to revascularize the obstructed coronary artery vessel. These patients were treated before the surgical intervention by statin therapy daily (n 20) added to PCSK9i, 140 mg twice a month (n 30). |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 75 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Study population will be divided in 30 normoglycemics patients vs. 46 DM patients. DM patients will be divided in patients previous treated by oral daily statin therapy (23 patients) vs. DM patients (n 20) previous treated by daily statin therapy plus 140 mg twice a month of PCSK9i. All patients will be affected by severe obstructive carotid artery atherosclerosis.
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- evidence of carotid artery atherosclerosis with endoluminal stenosis > 60%;
- aged >18 years.
- aged <75 years
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- insulin dependent DM;
- absence of carotid artery atherosclerosis with endoluminal stenosis > 60%;
- contraindication to receive a carotid artery revascularization treatment;
- --contraindication to receive metformin treatment;
- controindication to receive PCSK9i treatment;
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| statin Oral Tablet plus PCSK9iPatients in the third study cohort will receive for statin oral therapy plus 140 mg twice a month PCSK9i therapy via subcutaneous injection before to practice surgical intervention for carotid artery obstruction. | Drug | patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) treated with statin plus PCSK9i |
Primary outcome
methylase status
Time frame: 12 months
to evaluate the activity (over vs. hypo activation) of methylase complex in atherosclerotic carotid plaques of normoglycemics vs. DM patients, and of DM patients treated with statin vs. DM patients previous treated by statin plus PCSK9i
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 3 Aug 2022.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 and Atherosclerosis of Artery, run by University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli at 1 site in Italy.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 3 Aug 2022. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Italy. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
methylase status (time frame: 12 months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 3 Aug 2022.