Stroke SequelaePhase 4NCT03860662
The Effect of Oral Baclofen and Botulinum Toxin Treatments in Hemiplegic Spasticity on the Nociceptive Flexor Reflex
A Phase 4 study testing Nociceptor flexor reflex, Botox and Baclofen in people with Stroke Sequelae and Spastic Hemiplegia, run by Mustafa Kemal University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The purpose of this thesis is to research the effect of oral baclofen treatment and botulinum toxin injection treatments over the electromyographic nociceptive flexor reflex (NFR) threshold in hemiplegic patients with spasticity. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 60 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Stroke Sequelae, Spastic Hemiplegia
- What is being tested?
- Nociceptor flexor reflex, Botox and Baclofen
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 29 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 26 May 2018to 21 Apr 2019
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 60 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Being between the ages of 18-60
- To accept voluntary participation in the study
- Spastic Hemiplegia (Modified Ashworth Scale 2 and above)
Who cannot join
- Pregnant women, breastfeeding and younger than 18 years
- To have medication and substance use causing neuropathy in the history of the disease and / or neuropathy
- Companies that have received botulinum toxin injection therapy and / or oral antispastic therapy within the last 6 months
- Have a history of allergies and hypersensitivity to usability drug
- Injection treatment planned purification hematoma, cleaning or skin lesion to be
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Doctor, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
The purpose of this thesis is to research the effect of oral baclofen treatment and botulinum toxin injection treatments over the electromyographic nociceptive flexor reflex (NFR) threshold in hemiplegic patients with spasticity. The results of the study evaluated the Modified Ashworth Scale, joint range of motion, muscle strength, Brunnstrom stages, Barthel daily life activities index, electromyographic nociceptive flexor reflex (NFR) threshold.
Read the detailed description
Spasticity is defined as increased resistance tied to speed against passive movements and is related to hyperactive reflexes after upper motor neuron lesions. The hemiplegia table, which develops after subsiding, brings many problems along with it. Spasticity is one of these problems. Spasticity frequently leads to difficulty in the activities of daily life. It delays functional recovery, causes pain, and leads to secondary complications.
The objective of spasticity treatment minimizes the negative effects of hypertension without endangering function. Systematic medication treatment (baclofen, diazepam, dantrolen, and tizanidine) or local treatment (botulinum toxin, phenyl injection) are administered in spasticity treatment. The botulinum toxin prevents the secretion of acetylcholine in nerve endings and creates a presynaptic neuromuscular block. There are numerous studies that show that botulinum toxin is effective in spasticity.
Baclofen is a gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonist. It passes through the blood-brain barrier and binds to the GABAb receptors of the spinal cord. Baclofen decreases spasms, clonus, and resistance to germs.
Various studies of electrophysiological reflexes are conducted to evaluate spasticity and to study neuronal circuits. The electrophysiological test is a tool used in studying the changes in spinal cord function and spinal reflexes in patients. The flexor reflex known as the recoil reflex is a polysynaptic and multisegmental reflex. It provides for avoidance and protection from internal and external stimulants that may be harmful for the body.
The purpose of the study is to research the effect of oral baclofen treatment and botulinum toxin injection treatments over the electromyographic nociceptive flexor reflex (NFR) threshold in hemiplegic patients with spasticity.
PURPOSE OF THE RESEARCH The purpose of this thesis is to research the effect of oral baclofen treatment and botulinum toxin injection treatments over the electromyographic nociceptive flexor reflex (NFR) threshold in hemiplegic patients with spasticity. The results of the study evaluated the Modified Ashworth Scale, joint range of motion, muscle strength, Brunnstrom stages, Barthel daily life activities index, electromyographic nociceptive flexor reflex (NFR) threshold
- Conditions
- Stroke Sequelae, Spastic Hemiplegia
- Being tested
- Nociceptor flexor reflex, Botox, Baclofen
- Keywords
- Antispastic drugs, Nociceptive flexor reflex, Baclofen, Botulinum toxin
- Medical subject headings
- Hemiplegia
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Nociceptor flexor reflexDiagnostic test
The nociceptive flexion reflex (NFR) is a physiological, polysynaptic reflex allowing for painful stimuli to activate an appropriate withdrawal response
BotoxDrug
botox
BaclofenDrug
baclofen
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Spastic hemiplegia , Botox | Active comparator | Botulinum toxin (BTX), being one of the most potent biological toxins, acts by blocking neuromuscular transmission via inhibiting acetylcholine release. Currently, focal spasticity is being treated successfully with BTX via injecting in the spastic muscles( Dose: 300-400 iu). Two antigenically distinct serotypes of BTX are available on the market as type A and B. Receives: Diagnostic Test: Nociceptor flexor reflex; Drug: Botox |
| Spastic hemiplegia, Baclofen | Other | Baclofen is an agonist that has presynaptic and postsynaptic effects on monosynaptic and polysynaptic pathways by binding to GABA B receptors. The recommended dosing regimen is initiated with 5 mg 3 times a day. It can be increased by 15-mg/d increments at 3-day intervals as needed. Dosing should not exceed 80 mg/d. Receives: Diagnostic Test: Nociceptor flexor reflex; Drug: Baclofen |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
thershold of nociceptive flexor reflex
The nociceptive flexion reflex (NFR) is a physiological, polysynaptic reflex allowing for painful stimuli to activate an appropriate withdrawal response
Measured: 6 weeks
Barthel index
The Barthel Index (BI) measures the extent to which somebody can function independently and has mobility in their activities of daily living (ADL) i.e. feeding, bathing, grooming, dressing, bowel control, bladder control, toileting, chair transfer, ambulation and stair climbing. The index also indicates the need for assistance in care.The final score on the Barthel index ranges from 0, or complete dependence, to 100, or complete independence .
Measured: 6 weeks
Vısual analog scale
When using a VAS to assess pain, subjects are asked to indicate intensity by marking a (usually) 100-mm-long horizontal line that is labeled "no pain" at one end and "worst pain possible" at the other end. This requires the patient to be able to equate the length of the line (as measured from the left-hand side to the point marked) with the amount of pain they are experiencing. Higher values represent worse outcome.
Measured: 6 weeks
Range of motion
Range of motion (ROM) is the measurement of the amount of movement around a specific joint or body part
Measured: 6 weeks
Modified Ashworth scale
The Modified Ashworth scale (MAS) measures resistance during passive soft-tissue stretching and is used as a simple measure of spasticity. Higher values represent worse outcome.
(0) No increase in muscle tone
(1) Slight increase in muscle tone, manifested by a catch and release or byminimal resistance at the end of the range of motion when the affected part(s) is moved in flexion or extension.(1+) Slight increase in muscle tone, manifested by a catch, followed by minimalresistance throughout the remainder (less than half) of the ROM.(2) More marked increase in muscle tone through most of the ROM, but affected part(s) easily moved.(3) Considerable increase in muscle tone, passive movement difficult.(4) Affected part(s) rigid in flexion or extension
Measured: 6 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted4 Mar 2019
- Study start26 May 2018
- Primary completion21 Mar 2019
- Study completion21 Apr 2019
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Stroke SequelaeStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- The purpose of this thesis is to research the effect of oral baclofen treatment and botulinum toxin injection treatments over the electromyographic nociceptive flexor reflex (NFR) threshold in hemiplegic patients with spasticity. The results of the study evaluated the Modified Ashworth Scale, joint range of motion, muscle strength, Brunnstrom stages, Barthel daily life activities index, electromyographic nociceptive flexor reflex (NFR) threshold.
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 29 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Mustafa Kemal University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, ERTURK GUNTURK, Mustafa Kemal University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03860662
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- MustafaKUPMR
- Status last verified
- Jun 2021
- First submitted
- 8 Feb 2019
- Last updated
- 18 Jun 2021
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- Yes
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 18 Jun 2021. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Doctor, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03860662
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- MustafaKUPMR
- Conditions
- Stroke Sequelae, Spastic Hemiplegia
- Keywords
- Antispastic drugs, Nociceptive flexor reflex, Baclofen, Botulinum toxin
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 29 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Mustafa Kemal UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 26 May 2018 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 21 Mar 2019 (actual)
- Study completion
- 21 Apr 2019 (actual)
- First posted
- 4 Mar 2019 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of this thesis is to research the effect of oral baclofen treatment and botulinum toxin injection treatments over the electromyographic nociceptive flexor reflex (NFR) threshold in hemiplegic patients with spasticity. The results of the study evaluated the Modified Ashworth Scale, joint range of motion, muscle strength, Brunnstrom stages, Barthel daily life activities index, electromyographic nociceptive flexor reflex (NFR) threshold.
Detailed description
Spasticity is defined as increased resistance tied to speed against passive movements and is related to hyperactive reflexes after upper motor neuron lesions. The hemiplegia table, which develops after subsiding, brings many problems along with it. Spasticity is one of these problems. Spasticity frequently leads to difficulty in the activities of daily life. It delays functional recovery, causes pain, and leads to secondary complications.
The objective of spasticity treatment minimizes the negative effects of hypertension without endangering function. Systematic medication treatment (baclofen, diazepam, dantrolen, and tizanidine) or local treatment (botulinum toxin, phenyl injection) are administered in spasticity treatment. The botulinum toxin prevents the secretion of acetylcholine in nerve endings and creates a presynaptic neuromuscular block. There are numerous studies that show that botulinum toxin is effective in spasticity.
Baclofen is a gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonist. It passes through the blood-brain barrier and binds to the GABAb receptors of the spinal cord. Baclofen decreases spasms, clonus, and resistance to germs.
Various studies of electrophysiological reflexes are conducted to evaluate spasticity and to study neuronal circuits. The electrophysiological test is a tool used in studying the changes in spinal cord function and spinal reflexes in patients. The flexor reflex known as the recoil reflex is a polysynaptic and multisegmental reflex. It provides for avoidance and protection from internal and external stimulants that may be harmful for the body.
The purpose of the study is to research the effect of oral baclofen treatment and botulinum toxin injection treatments over the electromyographic nociceptive flexor reflex (NFR) threshold in hemiplegic patients with spasticity.
PURPOSE OF THE RESEARCH The purpose of this thesis is to research the effect of oral baclofen treatment and botulinum toxin injection treatments over the electromyographic nociceptive flexor reflex (NFR) threshold in hemiplegic patients with spasticity. The results of the study evaluated the Modified Ashworth Scale, joint range of motion, muscle strength, Brunnstrom stages, Barthel daily life activities index, electromyographic nociceptive flexor reflex (NFR) threshold
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- The purpose of this thesis is to research the effect of oral baclofen treatment and botulinum toxin injection treatments over the electromyographic nociceptive flexor reflex (NFR) threshold in hemiplegic patients with spasticity. The results of the study evaluated the Modified Ashworth Scale, joint range of motion, muscle strength, Brunnstrom stages, Barthel daily life activities index, electromyographic nociceptive flexor reflex (NFR) threshold.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Spastic hemiplegia , Botox | Active comparator | Diagnostic Test: Nociceptor flexor reflex, Drug: BotoxBotulinum toxin (BTX), being one of the most potent biological toxins, acts by blocking neuromuscular transmission via inhibiting acetylcholine release. Currently, focal spasticity is being treated successfully with BTX via injecting in the spastic muscles( Dose: 300-400 iu). Two antigenically distinct serotypes of BTX are available on the market as type A and B. |
| Spastic hemiplegia, Baclofen | Other | Diagnostic Test: Nociceptor flexor reflex, Drug: BaclofenBaclofen is an agonist that has presynaptic and postsynaptic effects on monosynaptic and polysynaptic pathways by binding to GABA B receptors. The recommended dosing regimen is initiated with 5 mg 3 times a day. It can be increased by 15-mg/d increments at 3-day intervals as needed. Dosing should not exceed 80 mg/d. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 60 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Being between the ages of 18-60
- To accept voluntary participation in the study
- Spastic Hemiplegia (Modified Ashworth Scale 2 and above)
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Pregnant women, breastfeeding and younger than 18 years
- To have medication and substance use causing neuropathy in the history of the disease and / or neuropathy
- Companies that have received botulinum toxin injection therapy and / or oral antispastic therapy within the last 6 months
- Have a history of allergies and hypersensitivity to usability drug
- Injection treatment planned purification hematoma, cleaning or skin lesion to be
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Nociceptor flexor reflexThe nociceptive flexion reflex (NFR) is a physiological, polysynaptic reflex allowing for painful stimuli to activate an appropriate withdrawal response | Diagnostic test | Spastic hemiplegia , Botox, Spastic hemiplegia, Baclofen |
| Botoxbotox | Drug | Spastic hemiplegia , Botox |
| Baclofenbaclofen | Drug | Spastic hemiplegia, Baclofen |
Primary outcome
thershold of nociceptive flexor reflex
Time frame: 6 weeks
The nociceptive flexion reflex (NFR) is a physiological, polysynaptic reflex allowing for painful stimuli to activate an appropriate withdrawal response
Barthel index
Time frame: 6 weeks
The Barthel Index (BI) measures the extent to which somebody can function independently and has mobility in their activities of daily living (ADL) i.e. feeding, bathing, grooming, dressing, bowel control, bladder control, toileting, chair transfer, ambulation and stair climbing. The index also indicates the need for assistance in care.The final score on the Barthel index ranges from 0, or complete dependence, to 100, or complete independence .
Vısual analog scale
Time frame: 6 weeks
When using a VAS to assess pain, subjects are asked to indicate intensity by marking a (usually) 100-mm-long horizontal line that is labeled "no pain" at one end and "worst pain possible" at the other end. This requires the patient to be able to equate the length of the line (as measured from the left-hand side to the point marked) with the amount of pain they are experiencing. Higher values represent worse outcome.
Range of motion
Time frame: 6 weeks
Range of motion (ROM) is the measurement of the amount of movement around a specific joint or body part
Modified Ashworth scale
Time frame: 6 weeks
The Modified Ashworth scale (MAS) measures resistance during passive soft-tissue stretching and is used as a simple measure of spasticity. Higher values represent worse outcome. (0) No increase in muscle tone (1) Slight increase in muscle tone, manifested by a catch and release or byminimal resistance at the end of the range of motion when the affected part(s) is moved in flexion or extension.(1+) Slight increase in muscle tone, manifested by a catch, followed by minimalresistance throughout the remainder (less than half) of the ROM.(2) More marked increase in muscle tone through most of the ROM, but affected part(s) easily moved.(3) Considerable increase in muscle tone, passive movement difficult.(4) Affected part(s) rigid in flexion or extension
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 18 Jun 2021.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 4 study testing Nociceptor flexor reflex, Botox and Baclofen in people with Stroke Sequelae and Spastic Hemiplegia, run by Mustafa Kemal University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Jun 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 4 studies take place after a treatment is approved, to learn more about its long-term benefits and risks in everyday use.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
thershold of nociceptive flexor reflex (time frame: 6 weeks). The study lists 5 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Jun 2021; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 8 Nov 2026.