Intravenous CatheterizationNCT03681730
Virtual Reality vs Standard-of-Care for Comfort During Intravenous Catheterization
A study testing Virtual Reality in people with Intravenous Catheterization, run by University of British Columbia at 1 site in Canada.
Trial summary
Children often need an intravenous catheter placement for delivery of fluids and medications, a procedure associated with pain and anxiety. In the Emergency Department topical anesthetics are frequently used. Virtual Reality (VR) is an immersive experience using sight, sound, and position sense. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 6 to 16 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Intravenous Catheterization
- What is being tested?
- Virtual Reality
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion, Medical device
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 64 participants
- Where
- 1 siteCanada
- Study dates
- 2 May 2018to 1 May 2019
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 6 to 16 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Children age 6 - <17
- The managing physician determines a need for an intravenous catheterization (IV) procedure
- Parents will sign a consent form and children will sign an assent form
Who cannot join
- Children with conditions that may prohibit participation or evaluation of the procedure (such as developmental delay, autism, others)
- Triage Category 1 (resuscitation)
- Facial features or injury prohibiting wearing the VR goggles
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Canada1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
BC Children's Hospital
Vancouver, British Columbia, V6H 3N1
Ran D Goldman, MD, 604-875-2345 ext. 7333, rgoldman@cw.bc.ca
Amir Behboudi, MD
About this study
Official title: A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial of Virtual Reality vs Standard-of-Care for Comfort During Intravenous Catheterization
Children often need an intravenous catheter placement for delivery of fluids and medications, a procedure associated with pain and anxiety. In the Emergency Department topical anesthetics are frequently used.
Virtual Reality (VR) is an immersive experience using sight, sound, and position sense. Using VR may enhance distraction during the painful procedure and may reduce attention to pain.
This study will randomize children (6 - 16 years old) to receive Virtual Reality or standard of care in addition to topical anaesthetics during IV placement procedure. Investigators will measure pain, anxiety and satisfaction, amount of analgesics used and the level of success in placing the IV and compare between the two groups.
- Conditions
- Intravenous Catheterization
- Being tested
- Virtual Reality
- Keywords
- Virtual Reality, Pain, Anxiety
- Medical subject headings
- Pain, Anxiety Disorders
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Virtual RealityDevice
Participants wear a Virtual Reality headset that consists of a ASUS phone and a VOX+ Z3 3D Virtual Reality Headset. The phone runs the VR Roller Coaster app to produce the virtual environment.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Virtual Reality | Experimental | Participants are distracted by wearing the virtual reality headset and watching a roller coaster app during an IV start. Receives: Device: Virtual Reality |
| Control (Standard-of-Care) | No intervention | Participants are distracted with Standard-of-Care by doctors, nurses, nurse practitioners, child life specialists and/or parents. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Pain using the Faces Pain Scale - Revised.
Level of pain as reported by children using Faces Pain Scale - Revised. The scale includes six faces that represent progressively more intense features of pain. Children point to the face that best represents their current level of pain. The minimum score is 0 (representing least pain) and the maximum score is 10 (representing greater pain). The scale increase in increments of 2.
Measured: Pain is reported by children immediately following completion of the IV start
Secondary outcomes (7)
Anxiety using the Venham Situational Anxiety Score
Level of Situational Anxiety as reported by children using the Venham Situational Anxiety Score. This scale includes 8 sets of 2 images of children which represent differing levels of anxiety. Children point to the child that best represents them in that instance. In each set of 2 images of children, one represents greater anxiety (scored as 1) and one represents lesser anxiety (scored as 0). The points from each set of images are totaled. The minimum score is 0 (least anxious) and maximum score is 8 (most anxious).
Measured: Anxiety is reported by children immediately following completion of the IV start
Patient Satisfaction determined by Global Rating Scale
Satisfaction from the procedure is determined by asking 4 questions on a global rating scale. This scale goes from 0-10 where 0 represents "not very much" and 10 represents "very much." Questions are developed from previous virtual reality research. "Overall, how satisfied are you with pain management during plastic surgery?" "Overall, how satisfied are you with anxiety management during plastic surgery?" "To what extent did you feel like you went into the virtual world?" "How much fun did you have while playing in the virtual world?" These questions will be analyzed individually not summed.
Measured: Satisfaction questions are reported by children immediately following completion of the IV start
Patient Satisfaction determined qualitatively by an open ended question
Satisfaction from the procedure is determined qualitatively. Children are asked "What is your opinion on how the procedure went?" Answers will be recorded in writing and be assessed for themes (similar words, positive or negative language).
Measured: Satisfaction questions are reported by children immediately following completion of the IV start
Parent Satisfaction determined qualitatively by an open ended question
Satisfaction from the procedure is determined qualitatively. Parents are asked "What is your opinion on how the procedure went?" Answers will be recorded in writing and be assessed for themes (similar words, positive or negative language).
Measured: Satisfaction question is reported by parents immediately following completion of the IV start
Medication Dose
How much topical or local anesthetics are used and when they are used (24 hour time); how much sedatives are used and when they are used (24 hour time); how much analgesics are used and when they are used (24 hour time).
Measured: These will be recorded during the procedure and immediately following the procedure using the patient chart and nursing notes
Number of IV Trials Until Success
How many attempts the nurses need to get a functional IV catheter (concealed objective to avoid a Hawthorne effect).
Measured: This number will be collected during the procedure
Timing
Time in minutes from readiness for procedure (availability of child, staff and equipment) until completion of procedure (nurse does not need to touch the patient anymore) and until discharged from the emergency department (given discharge paperwork).
Measured: Documented immediately after patient and family given discharge paperwork
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 Sep 2018
- Study start2 May 2018
- Primary completion1 May 2019 (estimated)
- Study completion1 May 2019 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Intravenous CatheterizationStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of British ColumbiaThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 64 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of British Columbia
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Ran Goldman, University of British Columbia
- Investigators
- Ran D Goldman, MD, Principal investigator, University of British Columbia
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03681730
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- H18-00771
- Status last verified
- Sep 2018
- First submitted
- 5 Jul 2018
- Last updated
- 24 Sep 2018
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Goldman RD, Behboudi A. Virtual reality for intravenous placement in the emergency department-a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Pediatr. 2021 Mar;180(3):725-731. doi: 10.1007/s00431-020-03771-9. Epub 2020 Aug 10.
PubMed 32779029
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 24 Sep 2018. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial of Virtual Reality vs Standard-of-Care for Comfort During Intravenous Catheterization
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03681730
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- H18-00771
- Conditions
- Intravenous Catheterization
- Keywords
- Virtual Reality, Pain, Anxiety
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 64 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- University of British ColumbiaUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 2 May 2018 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 May 2019 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 May 2019 (estimated)
- First posted
- 24 Sep 2018 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Children often need an intravenous catheter placement for delivery of fluids and medications, a procedure associated with pain and anxiety. In the Emergency Department topical anesthetics are frequently used.
Virtual Reality (VR) is an immersive experience using sight, sound, and position sense. Using VR may enhance distraction during the painful procedure and may reduce attention to pain.
This study will randomize children (6 - 16 years old) to receive Virtual Reality or standard of care in addition to topical anaesthetics during IV placement procedure. Investigators will measure pain, anxiety and satisfaction, amount of analgesics used and the level of success in placing the IV and compare between the two groups.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Virtual Reality | Experimental | Device: Virtual RealityParticipants are distracted by wearing the virtual reality headset and watching a roller coaster app during an IV start. |
| Control (Standard-of-Care) | No intervention | –Participants are distracted with Standard-of-Care by doctors, nurses, nurse practitioners, child life specialists and/or parents. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 6 to 16 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Children age 6 - <17
- The managing physician determines a need for an intravenous catheterization (IV) procedure
- Parents will sign a consent form and children will sign an assent form
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Children with conditions that may prohibit participation or evaluation of the procedure (such as developmental delay, autism, others)
- Triage Category 1 (resuscitation)
- Facial features or injury prohibiting wearing the VR goggles
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Virtual RealityParticipants wear a Virtual Reality headset that consists of a ASUS phone and a VOX+ Z3 3D Virtual Reality Headset. The phone runs the VR Roller Coaster app to produce the virtual environment. | Device | Virtual Reality |
Primary outcome
Pain using the Faces Pain Scale - Revised.
Time frame: Pain is reported by children immediately following completion of the IV start
Level of pain as reported by children using Faces Pain Scale - Revised. The scale includes six faces that represent progressively more intense features of pain. Children point to the face that best represents their current level of pain. The minimum score is 0 (representing least pain) and the maximum score is 10 (representing greater pain). The scale increase in increments of 2.
7 secondary outcomes
Anxiety using the Venham Situational Anxiety Score
Time frame: Anxiety is reported by children immediately following completion of the IV start
Patient Satisfaction determined by Global Rating Scale
Time frame: Satisfaction questions are reported by children immediately following completion of the IV start
Patient Satisfaction determined qualitatively by an open ended question
Time frame: Satisfaction questions are reported by children immediately following completion of the IV start
Parent Satisfaction determined qualitatively by an open ended question
Time frame: Satisfaction question is reported by parents immediately following completion of the IV start
Medication Dose
Time frame: These will be recorded during the procedure and immediately following the procedure using the patient chart and nursing notes
Number of IV Trials Until Success
Time frame: This number will be collected during the procedure
Timing
Time frame: Documented immediately after patient and family given discharge paperwork
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 24 Sep 2018.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 32779029Goldman RD, Behboudi A. Virtual reality for intravenous placement in the emergency department-a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Pediatr. 2021 Mar;180(3):725-731. doi: 10.1007/s00431-020-03771-9. Epub 2020 Aug 10.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Ran D Goldman, MD principal investigator
University of British Columbia
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Virtual Reality in people with Intravenous Catheterization, run by University of British Columbia at 1 site in Canada.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 24 Sep 2018. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Canada. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Ran D Goldman, MD (604-875-2345 ext. 7333, rgoldman@cw.bc.ca), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Pain using the Faces Pain Scale - Revised. (time frame: Pain is reported by children immediately following completion of the IV start). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03681730, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 24 Sep 2018.