Locally Advanced Unresectable Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Adenocarcinoma or CancerPhase 3GLOWNCT03653507
A Study of Zolbetuximab (IMAB362) Plus CAPOX Compared With Placebo Plus CAPOX as First-line Treatment of Subjects With Claudin (CLDN) 18.2-positive, HER2-negative, Locally Advanced Unresectable or Metastatic Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Adenocarcinoma (GLOW).
A Phase 3 study testing zolbetuximab, oxaliplatin and capecitabine in people with Locally Advanced Unresectable Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Adenocarcinoma or Cancer and Locally Advanced Unresectable Gastric Adenocarcinoma or Cancer, run by Astellas Pharma Global Development, Inc. at 165 sites in 18 countries.
Trial summary
Zolbetuximab is being studied in people with cancer in and around the stomach or where the food pipe (esophagus) joins the stomach, called GEJ cancer. Most people with this type of cancer have a protein called Claudin 18.2 in their tumor. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Locally Advanced Unresectable Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Adenocarcinoma or Cancer, Locally Advanced Unresectable Gastric Adenocarcinoma or Cancer, Metastatic Gastric Adenocarcinoma or Cancer
- What is being tested?
- zolbetuximab, oxaliplatin and capecitabine
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine, Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 507 participants
- Where
- 165 sitesin 18 countries
- Study dates
- 28 Nov 2018to 31 Mar 2027
- Phase
- Phase 3
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- A female subject is eligible to participate if she is not pregnant (negative serum pregnancy test at screening; female subjects with elevated serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin (βhCG) and a demonstrated non-pregnant status through additional testing are eligible) and at least 1 of the following conditions applies:
- Not a woman of childbearing potential (WOCBP) OR
- WOCBP who agrees to follow the contraceptive guidance throughout the treatment period and for 9 months after the final administration of oxaliplatin and 6 months after the final administration of all other study drugs.
- Female subject must agree not to breastfeed starting at screening and throughout the study period, and for 6 months after the final study treatment administration.
- Female subject must not donate ova starting at screening and throughout the study period, and for 9 months after the final administration of oxaliplatin and 6 months after the final administration of all other study drugs.
- A male subject with female partner(s) of childbearing potential:
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- must agree to use contraception during the treatment period and for 6 months after the final study treatment administration.
- A male subject must not donate sperm during the treatment period and for 6 months after the final study treatment administration.
- Male subject with a pregnant or breastfeeding partner(s) must agree to remain abstinent or use a condom for the duration of the pregnancy or time partner is breastfeeding throughout the study period and for 6 months after the final study treatment administration.
- Subject has histologically confirmed diagnosis of Gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma.
- Subject has radiologically confirmed locally advanced unresectable or metastatic disease within 28 days prior to randomization.
- Subject has radiologically evaluable disease (measurable and/or non-measurable disease according to RECIST 1.1), per local assessment, ≤ 28 days prior to randomization. For subjects with only 1 evaluable lesion and prior radiotherapy ≤ 3 months before randomization, the lesion must either be outside the field of prior radiotherapy or have documented progression following radiation therapy.
- Subject's tumor expresses CLDN18.2 in ≥ 75% of tumor cells demonstrating moderate to strong membranous staining as determined by central IHC testing.
- Subject has a HER2-negative tumor as determined by local or central testing on a gastric or GEJ tumor specimen. (Unique to China: Subject has a known HER2-negative gastric or GEJ tumor.)
- Subject has ECOG performance status 0 or 1.
- Subject has predicted life expectancy ≥ 12 weeks.
- Subject must meet all of the following criteria based on the centrally or locally analyzed laboratory tests collected within 14 days prior to randomization. In the case of multiple sample collections within this period, the most recent sample collection with available results should be used to determine eligibility.
- Hemoglobin (Hb) ≥ 9 g/dl. Subjects requiring transfusions are eligible if they have a post-transfusion Hgb ≥ 9 g/dL.
- Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) ≥ 1.5x10^9/L
- Platelets ≥ 100x10^9/L
- Albumin ≥ 2.5 g/dL
- Total Bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) without liver metastases (or < 3.0 x ULN if liver metastases are present)
- Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 2.5 x ULN without liver metastases (or ≤ 5 x ULN if liver metastases are present)
- Estimated creatinine clearance ≥ 30 mL/min
- Prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) ≤ 1.5 x ULN (except for subjects receiving anticoagulation therapy)
Who cannot join
- Subject has received prior systemic chemotherapy for locally advanced unresectable or metastatic gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma. However, subject may have received either neo-adjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy, immunotherapy or other systemic anticancer therapies as long as it was completed at least 6 months prior to randomization.
- Subject has received radiotherapy for locally advanced unresectable or metastatic gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma ≤ 14 days prior to randomization and has not recovered from any related toxicity.
- Subject has received treatment with herbal medications or other treatments that have known antitumor activity within 28 days prior to randomization.
- Subject has received systemic immunosuppressive therapy, including systemic corticosteroids within 14 days prior to randomization. Subjects using a physiologic replacement dose of hydrocortisone or its equivalent (defined as up to 30 mg per day of hydrocortisone or up to 10 mg per day of prednisone), receiving a single dose of systemic corticosteroids or receiving systemic corticosteroids as premedication for radiologic imaging contrast use are allowed.
- Subject has received other investigational agents or devices within 28 days prior to randomization.
- Subject has prior severe allergic reaction or intolerance to known ingredients of zolbetuximab or other monoclonal antibodies, including humanized or chimeric antibodies.
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- Subject has known immediate or delayed hypersensitivity, intolerance or contraindication to any component of study treatment.
- Subject has prior severe allergic reaction or intolerance to any component of CAPOX.
- Subject has known dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency.
- Subject has a complete gastric outlet syndrome or a partial gastric outlet syndrome with persistent/recurrent vomiting.
- Subject has significant gastric bleeding and/or untreated gastric ulcers that exclude the subject from participation.
- Subject has a known history of a positive test for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or known active hepatitis B (positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag)) or C infection. NOTE: Screening for these infections should be conducted per local requirements.
- For subjects who are negative for HBs Ag, but hepatitis B core antibody (HBc Ab) positive, an HB deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) test will be performed and if positive, the subject will be excluded.
- Subjects with positive hepatitis C virus (HCV) serology, but negative HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) test are eligible.
- Subjects treated for HCV with undetectable viral load results are eligible.
- Subject has an active autoimmune disease that has required systemic treatment within the past 3 months prior to randomization.
- Subject has active infection requiring systemic therapy that has not completely resolved within 7 days prior to randomization.
- Subject has significant cardiovascular disease, including any of the following:
- Congestive heart failure (defined as New York Heart Association Class III or IV), myocardial infarction, unstable angina, coronary angioplasty, stenting, coronary artery bypass graft, cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or hypertensive crisis within 6 months prior to randomization.
- History of clinically significant ventricular arrhythmias (i.e., sustained ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation or Torsades de Pointes
- QTc interval > 450 msec for male subjects; QTc interval > 470 msec for female subjects
- History or family history of congenital long QT syndrome
- Cardiac arrhythmias requiring anti-arrhythmic medications (Subject with rate controlled atrial fibrillation for > 1 month prior to randomization are eligible).
- Subject has a history of central nervous system (CNS) metastases and/or carcinomatous meningitis from gastric/GEJ cancer..
- Subject has known peripheral sensory neuropathy > grade 1 unless the absence of deep tendon reflexes is the sole neurological abnormality.
- Subject has had a major surgical procedure ≤ 28 days prior to randomization.
- Subject is without complete recovery from a major surgical procedure ≤ 14 days prior to randomization.
- Subject has psychiatric illness or social situations that would preclude study compliance.
- Subject has another malignancy for which treatment is required.
- Subject has any concurrent disease, infection, or co-morbid condition that interferes with the ability of the subject to participate in the study, which places the subject at undue risk or complicates the interpretation of data.
Trial locations and contacts
165 sites in 18 countries.
165 sites in 18 countries
China41 sites
Site CN86044
Baoding
Site CN86035
Beijing
Site CN86050
Beijing
Site CN86025
Bengbu
Site CN86002
Changchun
Site CN86049
Changchun
Site CN86053
Changchun
Site CN86029
Changsha, Hunan
Site CN86021
Changzhou
Site CN86039
Chengdu
Site CN86052
Dalian
Site CN86054
Dalian
Site CN86034
Fuzhou, Fujian
Site CN86037
Fuzhou, Fujian
Site CN86015
Fuzhou
Site CN86001
Guangzhou
Site CN86042
Guangzhou
Site CN86051
Haebrin
Site CN86032
Haikou, Hainan
Site CN86007
Hangzhou, Zhejiang
Site CN86036
Hangzhou
Site CN86043
Hengyang, Hunan
Site CN86038
Linyi
Site CN86016
Nanjing
Site CN86045
Nanning
Site CN86014
Shanghai
Site CN86026
Shantou
Site CN86047
Shenyang
Site CN86017
Shijiazhuang
Site CN86027
Suzhou, Jiangsu
Site CN86009
Tianjin
Site CN86040
Tianjin
Site CN86031
Ürümqi
Site CN86004
Wuhan
Site CN86005
Wuhan
Site CN86046
Wuxi, Jiangsu
Site CN86013
Xi'an
Site CN86030
Xiamen
Site CN86011
Xuzhou
Site CN86012
Zhengzhou, Henan
Site CN86024
Zhengzhou
South Korea13 sites
Site KR82002
Daegu
Site KR82006
Goyang-si
Site KR82007
Gyeonggi-do
Site KR82014
Incheon
Site KR82008
Jeollanam-do
Site KR82010
Jeonju
Site KR82011
Seongnam-si
Site KR82001
Seoul
Site KR82003
Seoul
Site KR82012
Seoul
Site KR82013
Seoul
Site KR82015
Seoul
Site KR82009
Suwon
Spain13 sites
Site ES34005
A Coruña
Site ES34006
Barcelona
Site ES34009
Barcelona
Site ES34010
Barcelona
Site ES34001
Elche
Site ES34002
Madrid
Site ES34003
Madrid
Site ES34008
Madrid
Site ES34013
Madrid
Site ES34011
Málaga
Site ES34004
Pamplona
Site ES34007
Valencia
Site ES34012
Valencia
Japan12 sites
Site JP81008
Akashi, Hyōgo
Site JP81002
Chiba
Site JP81007
Fukuoka, Fukuoka
Site JP81006
Kashiwa
Site JP81003
Kawasaki, Kanagawa
Site JP81004
Kita-gun
Site JP81012
Kōtoku
Site JP81009
Matsuyama
Site JP81010
Suita, Osaka
Site JP81011
Tsukiji
Site JP81005
Utsunomiya, Tochigi
Site JP81001
Yokohama, Kanagawa
United States11 sites
New Mexico Oncology Hematology
Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87109
Prisma Health Cancer Institute
Boiling Springs, South Carolina, 29316
Parkland Hospital
Dallas, Texas, 75390
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Dallas, Texas, 75390
University of Kansas Cancer Center and Medical Pavilion
Fairway, Kansas, 66205
Houston Methodist Cancer Center and Institute of Academic Medicine - Oncology
Houston, Texas, 77030
Pacific Cancer Care
Monterey, California, 93940
Ochsner Clinic CCOP
New Orleans, Louisiana, 70121
Weill Cornell Medical College (WCMC)
New York, New York, 10021
Utah Cancer Specialist
Salt Lake City, Utah, 84106
Montefiore Medical Center (MMC)
The Bronx, New York, 10467
Thailand11 sites
Site TH66002
Bangkok
Site TH66005
Bangkok
Site TH66007
Bangkok
Site TH66009
Bangkok
Site TH66011
Laksi
Site TH66001
Muang
Site TH66003
Muang
Site TH66006
Pathum Thani
Site TH66010
Pathumwan
Site TH66004
Songkhla
Site TH66008
Vadhana
Turkey (Türkiye)11 sites
Site TR90003
Atakum
Site TR90004
Balcalı
Site TR90012
Bornova
Site TR90001
Bursa
Site TR90002
Istanbul
Site TR90010
Istanbul
Site TR90015
Istanbul
Site TR90007
Konya
Site TR90013
Konyaalti
Site TR90011
Malatya
Site TR90008
Pendik, Istanbul
Portugal10 sites
Site PT35109
Braga
Site PT35110
Coimbra
Site PT35111
Guimarães
Site PT35102
Lisbon
Site PT35106
Lisbon
Site PT35105
Porto
Site PT35108
Porto
Site PT35104
Santa Maria da Feira
Site PT35101
Setúbal
Site PT35107
Vila Real
Romania8 sites
Site RO40002
Bucharest
Site RO40005
Cluj-Napoca
Site RO40007
Cluj-Napoca
Site RO40003
Craiova
Site RO40004
Floreşti
Site RO40001
Iași
Site RO40006
Iași
Site RO40008
Timișoara
Greece7 sites
Site GR30001
Athens
Site GR30004
Heraklion
Site GR30003
Larissa
Site GR30005
Neo Faliro, Piraeus
Site GR30007
Rio Patras
Site GR30002
Thessaloniki
Site GR3006
Thessaloniki
Argentina6 sites
Site AR54009
Buenos Aires
Site GB44005
Northwood
Site AR54006
Pergamino
Site AR54001
San Miguel de Tucumán
Site AR54004
San Miguel de Tucumán
Site AR54003
Viedma
Malaysia5 sites
Site MY60001
George Town
Site MY60004
Kota Kinabalu
Site MY60002
Kuala Lumpur
Site MY60003
Kuala Lumpur
Site MY60005
Kuala Lumpur
Taiwan4 sites
Site TW88602
Kaohsiung City
Site TW88603
Taichung
Site TW88604
Taipei
Site TW88605
Tianan
Canada3 sites
Site CA15004
Calgary
Site CA15003
Chicoutimi, Quebec
Site CA15002
Rimouski, Quebec
United Kingdom3 sites
Site GB44002
Bristol
Site GB44004
Cardiff
Site GB44001
London
About this study
Official title: A Phase 3, Global, Multi-Center, Double-Blind, Randomized, Efficacy Study of Zolbetuximab (IMAB362) Plus CAPOX Compared With Placebo Plus CAPOX as First-line Treatment of Subjects With Claudin (CLDN) 18.2-Positive, HER2-Negative, Locally Advanced Unresectable or Metastatic Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Adenocarcinoma
Zolbetuximab is being studied in people with cancer in and around the stomach or where the food pipe (esophagus) joins the stomach, called GEJ cancer. Most people with this type of cancer have a protein called Claudin 18.2 in their tumor. Zolbetuximab is thought to work by attaching to the Claudin 18.2 protein in their tumor, which switches on the body's immune system to attack the tumor.
There is an unmet medical need to treat people with advanced stomach cancer or GEJ cancer. This study will give more information about how well zolbetuximab works when given with chemotherapy in adults with advanced stomach cancer or GEJ cancer. In this study, adults with advanced stomach cancer or GEJ cancer will either be given zolbetuximab with chemotherapy or a placebo with chemotherapy. A placebo looks like zolbetuximab but doesn't have any medicine in it. Zolbetuximab with chemotherapy has already been approved to treat stomach cancer and GEJ cancer in some countries. This study is being done in countries where zolbetuximab has not yet been approved for use. If zolbetuximab becomes approved for use in those countries taking part in this study, the people taking part in those countries will leave this study and receive licensed zolbetuximab.
Read more
The main aim(s) of the study is(are) to determine the efficacy of zolbetuximab combined with chemotherapy compared to a placebo combined with chemotherapy in treating adults with Claudin 18.2-positive, HER2-negative, locally advanced unresectable or metastatic gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma.
Adults with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic stomach cancer or GEJ cancer can take part. Locally advanced means the cancer has spread to nearby tissue. Unresectable means the cancer cannot be removed by surgery. Metastatic means the cancer has spread to other parts of the body. A tumor sample of their cancer will also have the Claudin 18.2 protein. They may have been previously treated with certain standard therapies but have not been treated with chemotherapy for their cancer. People cannot take part if they need to take medicines to suppress their immune system, have blockages or bleeding in their gut, have specific uncontrollable cancers such as symptomatic or untreated cancers in the nervous system, or have a specific heart condition, or infections.
The study treatments are either zolbetuximab with chemotherapy or placebo with chemotherapy. People who take part will receive just one of the treatments by chance. Study treatment will be double-blinded. That means that the people in the study and the study doctors will not know who takes which of the study treatments. Study treatment will be given in cycles. The study treatment is given to people slowly through a tube into a vein. This is called an infusion. The chemotherapy is called CAPOX (capecitabine and oxaliplatin) and will be given as an infusion and also as tablets. People will have 1 infusion of either zolbetuximab or placebo together with oxaliplatin chemotherapy in 3-week (21-day) cycles. People will also take 1 tablet of capecitabine (chemotherapy) twice a day for the first 2 weeks (14 days) of each cycle. People may receive zolbetuximab or placebo until their cancer worsens, they cannot tolerate the treatment, or they need to start another cancer treatment. People will receive CAPOX for up to about 6 months (8 treatment cycles). After the 6 months, people may receive capecitabine chemotherapy only, until their cancer worsens, they cannot tolerate the study treatment, or they need to start another cancer treatment. People will visit the clinic on certain days during their treatment. The study doctors will check if people had any medical problems from zolbetuximab or the other study treatments. Also, people in the study will have health checks. On some visits, they will have scans to check for any changes in their cancer. People will have the option of giving a tumor sample after their study treatment has finished. People will visit the clinic within 7 days after they stop their study treatment. People will be asked about any medical problems and will have a health check. People who start treatment with licensed zolbetuximab will not need to attend the clinic for further visits and will receive standard of care health checks. People who continue study treatment will visit the clinic at 1 and 3 months after they stop their study treatment. They will continue to have scans every 9 or 12 weeks to check for any changes in their cancer. They will have telephone health checks every 3 months. The number of visits and checks done at each visit will depend on the health of each person and whether they completed their treatment or not.
Read the detailed description
After the marketing approval in Japan on 26 Mar 2024, this study continued as "post marketing clinical study" in Japan. In the rest of the countries which participated in this study, this study continued as clinical study.
- Conditions
- Locally Advanced Unresectable Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Adenocarcinoma or Cancer, Locally Advanced Unresectable Gastric Adenocarcinoma or Cancer, Metastatic Gastric Adenocarcinoma or Cancer, Metastatic Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Adenocarcinoma
- Being tested
- zolbetuximab, oxaliplatin, capecitabine, placebo
- Keywords
- CLDN 18.2, gastroesophageal junction cancer, adenocarcinoma, IMAB362, oxaliplatin, HER2, claudiximab, capecitabine, gastric cancer, HER2 Negative, zolbetuximab
- Medical subject headings
- Adenocarcinoma, Neoplasms, Stomach Neoplasms
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
zolbetuximabDrug
Also called IMAB362
Zolbetuximab were administered as a minimum 2-hour IV infusion.
oxaliplatinDrug
Oxaliplatin were administered as a 2-hour IV infusion.
capecitabineDrug
Capecitabine were administered orally twice daily (bid).
placeboDrug
Placebo were administered as a minimum 2-hour IV infusion.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Zolbetuximab plus CAPOX | Experimental | Participants received an IV infusion (as a minimum of 2-hour infusion) of zolbetuximab at a loading dose of 800 mg/m^2 on C1D1 followed by subsequent doses of 600 mg/m^2 every 3 weeks starting from C1D22 until participant meets study treatment discontinuation criteria. Participants also received up to 8 treatments of CAPOX. Oxaliplatin was administered 130 mg/m^2 IV on day 1 of each cycle over 2 hours for a maximum of 8 treatments; Capecitabine was administered orally at 1000 mg/m^2 twice daily (bid) on days 1 through 14 of each cycle until the participant met study treatment discontinuation criteria. After a maximum of 8 treatments of oxaliplatin, participants may have continued to receive capecitabine taken twice daily on days 1 through 14 of each cycle at the investigator's discretion until the participant met study treatment discontinuation criteria. Each cycle was approximately 21 days. Receives: Drug: zolbetuximab; Drug: oxaliplatin; Drug: capecitabine |
| Placebo plus CAPOX | Placebo comparator | Participants received an IV infusion (as a minimum of 2-hour infusion) of placebo matched to zolbetuximab on C1D1 followed by subsequent doses every 3 weeks starting from C1D22 until participant meets study treatment discontinuation criteria. Participants also received up to 8 treatments of CAPOX. Oxaliplatin was administered 130 mg/m^2 IV on day 1 of each cycle over 2 hours for a maximum of 8 treatments; Capecitabine was administered orally at 1000 mg/m^2 bid on days 1 through 14 of each cycle until the participant met study treatment discontinuation criteria. After a maximum of 8 treatments of oxaliplatin, participants may have continued to receive capecitabine taken twice daily on days 1 through 14 of each cycle at the investigator's discretion until the participant met study treatment discontinuation criteria. Each cycle was approximately 21 days. Receives: Drug: oxaliplatin; Drug: capecitabine; Drug: placebo |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Progression Free Survival (PFS)
PFS was defined as the time from the date of randomization until the date of radiological progressive disease (PD) (per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors [RECIST] 1.1 by independent review committee [IRC]) or death from any cause, whichever was earliest. PD was defined as development of new, or progression of existing metastases to the primary cancer under the study. Kaplan-Meier estimates was used.
Measured: From the date of randomization until 61 months and 12 days
Secondary outcomes (14)
Overall Survival (OS)
OS was defined as the time from the date of randomization until the date of death from any cause. Kaplan-Meier estimates was used.
Measured: From the date of randomization until 61 months and 12 days
Time to Confirmed Deterioration (TTCD) Using Physical Functioning as Measured by European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire - Core Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30)
TTCD: time from randomization to first clinically meaning full deterioration (CMFD) that was confirmed at the next scheduled visit. The EORTC-QLQ-C30 is a 30-item cancer-specific instrument consisting of 5 functional scales (physical, role, emotional, social and cognitive), 9 symptom scales/items (fatigue, nausea/vomiting, general pain, dyspnea, insomnia, appetite loss, constipation, diarrhea, and financial difficulties) and a global health status scale. Most items are scored 1 ('not at all') to 4 ('very much') except for the items contributing to the global health status which are scored 1 ('very poor') to 7 ('excellent'). All raw domain scores are linearly transformed to a 0-100 scale with higher scores on symptoms indicate a worse health state. Clinically meaningful deterioration was defined if a participant's change from baseline (CFB) exceeded a pre-specified threshold (as per investigator's discretion) denoting a clinically meaningful change. Kaplan-Meier estimates was used.
Measured: From the date of randomization until 61 months and 12 days
Time to Confirmed Deterioration (TTCD) Using Oesophago-gastric Questionnaire (OG25) on Abdominal Pain and Discomfort as Measured by EORTC QLQ-OG25 Plus STO22 Belching Subscale
TTCD:time from randomization to first CMFD confirmed at next scheduled visit.OG25 evaluated gastric \& gastroesophageal junction cancer-specific symptoms,had 25 items with 6 scales:dysphagia,eating restrictions,reflux,odynophagia,pain, discomfort,anxiety,and 10 single items:trouble with(taste, swallowing saliva, coughing, talking),eating in front of others,dry mouth,body image,choked when swallowing,weight loss and hair loss. STO22: gastric cancer quality of life questionnaire with 22 questions.For OG25 and STO22,items scored on(1:not at all; 2:a little, 3:quite a bit, 4:very much) and 1 question was "yes or no" for STO22.Linear transformation was used; score ranged from 0 to 100; higher score=better level of functioning or greater degree of symptoms. An item from STO22 instrument related to belching was used with OG25. CMFD: if participant's CFB exceeded pre-specified threshold (per investigator's discretion) denoting a clinically meaningful change. Kaplan-Meier estimates was used
Measured: From the date of randomization until 61 months and 12 days
Time to Confirmed Deterioration (TTCD) Using Global Health Status as Measured by EORTC QLQ-C30
TTCD: time from randomization to first CMFD that was confirmed at the next scheduled visit.The EORTC-QLQ-C30 is a 30-item cancer-specific instrument consisting of 5 functional scales (physical, role, emotional, social and cognitive), 9 symptom scales/items (fatigue, nausea/vomiting, general pain, dyspnea, insomnia, appetite loss, constipation, diarrhea, and financial difficulties) and a global health status scale. Most items are scored 1 ('not at all') to 4 ('very much') except for the items contributing to the global health status/QoL, which are scored 1 (very poor) to 7 (excellent). All raw domain scores are linearly transformed to a 0-100 scale with higher scores on symptoms indicate a worse health state. Clinically meaningful deterioration was defined if a participant's CFB exceeded a pre-specified threshold (as per investigator's discretion) denoting a clinically meaningful change. Kaplan-Meier estimates was used.
Measured: From the date of randomization until 61 months and 12 days
Objective Response Rate (ORR)
ORR was defined as the percentage of participants who had best overall response (BOR) of complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) as was assessed by IRC per RECIST 1.1. CR was defined as complete resolution of all attributable clinical symptoms and physical findings. PR was defined as partial resolution of at Least some of the clinical symptoms and physical findings.
Measured: From the date of randomization until 61 months and 12 days
Duration Of Response (DOR)
DOR was defined as the time from the date of the first response (CR/PR) until the date of PD as assessed by IRC per RECIST 1.1 or date of death from any cause, whichever is earliest.CR was defined as complete resolution of all attributable clinical symptoms and physical findings. PR was defined as partial resolution of at Least some of the clinical symptoms and physical findings. PD was defined as development of new, or progression of existing metastases to the primary cancer under the study. Kaplan-Meier estimates was used.
Measured: From first response (CR/PR) until 61 months and 12 days
Number of Participants With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs)
An Adverse event (AE) is any untoward medical occurrence in a participant administered a study drug, and which does not have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. An AE can therefore be any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom or disease (new or exacerbated) temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product, whether or not considered related to the medicinal product.TEAE defined as an AE observed after starting administration of the study drug through 30 days after the last dose.
Measured: From first dose until 61 months and 12 days
Number of Participant With Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status
ECOG grades 0-5, where 0 = Fully active, able to carry on all pre-disease performance without restriction; 1 = Restricted in physically strenuous activity but ambulatory and able to carry out work of a light or sedentary nature, e.g., light house work, office work; 2 = Ambulatory and capable of all self-care but unable to carry out any work activities. Up and about more than 50% of waking hours; 3 = Capable of only limited self-care, confined to bed or chair more than 50% of waking hours; 4 = Completely disabled. Cannot carry on any self-care. Totally confined to bed or chair and 5 = Dead.
Measured: Baseline, cycle (C) 1 day (D)1 through C60 D1
Change From Baseline in Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) Measured by the EORTC-QLQ-C30 Questionnaire
The EORTC-QLQ-C30 is a cancer-specific instrument consisting of 5 functional domain scales: physical, role, emotional, social and cognitive.It is a 30-item cancer-specific instrument consisting of 5 functional scales (physical, role, emotional, social and cognitive), 9 symptom scales/items (fatigue, nausea/vomiting, general pain, dyspnea, insomnia, appetite loss, constipation, diarrhea, and financial difficulties) and a global health status scale. Most items are scored 1 ('not at all') to 4 ('very much') except for the items contributing to the global health status/QoL, which are scored 1 ('very poor') to 7 ('excellent'). All raw domain scores are linearly transformed to a 0-100 scale with higher scores on symptoms indicate a worse health state.
Measured: Baseline, on D1 from C2 through C39, 30-day follow up, 90-day follow up
Change From Baseline in HRQoL Measured by the QLQ-OG25 Questionnaire Plus STO22 Belching Subscale Questionnaire
OG25 evaluated gastric \& gastroesophageal junction cancer-specific symptoms,had 25 items with 6 scales:dysphagia,eating restrictions,reflux,odynophagia,pain \& discomfort,anxiety,and 10 single items:trouble with(taste, swallowing saliva, coughing, talking),eating in front of others,dry mouth,body image,choked when swallowing,weight loss and hair loss. STO22: gastric cancer quality of life questionnaire with 22 questions.For OG25 and STO22,items scored on(1:not at all; 2:a little, 3:quite a bit, 4:very much) and 1 question was "yes or no" for STO22.Linear transformation was used; score ranged from 0 to 100;higher score=better level of functioning or greater degree of symptoms. An item from STO22 instrument related to belching was used with OG25.
Measured: Baseline, on D1 from C2 through C39, 30-day follow up, 90-day follow up
Change From Baseline in HRQoL Measured by Global Pain (GP)
The GP instrument is a single assessment of overall pain and participants were assessed in global pain according to the following response categories: 1= no pain (anymore), 2 = less pain, 3 = no change and 4 = more pain. Low pain scores are considered a better outcome than a high pain score.
Measured: Baseline, on D1 from C2 through C39, 30-day follow up, 90-day follow up
Change From Baseline in HRQoL Measured by the EuroQOL Five Dimensions Questionnaire 5L (EQ-5D-5L) Questionnaire
EQ-5D-5L is a standardized instrument for use as a measure of health outcomes consisting of 6 items that cover 5 main domains (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression) and a general visual analog scale for health status. It was developed by the EuroQol Group for use as a generic, preference-based measure of health outcomes. Each dimension comprises 5 levels (no problems, slight problems, moderate problems, severe problems, extreme problems). A unique EQ-5D-5L health state is defined by combining 1 level from each of the 5 dimensions. This questionnaire also records the respondent's self-rated health status on a vertical graduated (0 = the worst health a participant can imagine to 100 = the best health a participant can imagine) visual analogue scale. Responses to the 5 items will also be converted to a weighted health state index (utility score) based on values derived from general population samples.
Measured: Baseline, on D1 from C2 through C39, 30-day follow up, 90-day follow up
Pharmacokinetics (PK) of Zolbetuximab in Serum: Trough Concentration (Ctrough)
Ctrough was defined as the predose concentration at the end of dosing interval.
Measured: Predose on C2D1,C5D1,C9D1,C13D1,C17D1
Number of Anti-drug Antibody (ADA) Positive Participants
Immunogenicity will be measured by the number of participants that are ADA positive.
Measured: Predose on C1D1,C2D1,C5D1,C9D1,C13D1,C17D1, 30-day follow up, 90-day Follow up
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted31 Aug 2018
- Study start28 Nov 2018
- Primary completion25 Oct 2022
- Study completion31 Mar 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (4)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Locally Advanced Unresectable Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Adenocarcinoma or CancerStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Astellas Pharma Global Development, Inc.The sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 507 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Astellas Pharma Global Development, Inc.
- Sponsor type
- Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Medical Director, Study director, Astellas Pharma Global Development
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03653507
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 8951-CL-0302
- Other IDs
- 2018-000519-26, CTR20190261, jRCT2080224166, 2024-511648-16-00, 2018
- Acronym
- GLOW
- Status last verified
- Aug 2026
- First submitted
- 24 Aug 2018
- Last updated
- 28 Sep 2026
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: Access to anonymized individual participant level data collected during the study, in addition to study-related supporting documentation, is planned for studies conducted with approved product indications and formulations, as well as products terminated during development. Studies conducted with product indications or formulations that remain active in development are assessed after study completion to determine if Individual Participant Data can be shared. Further details on Astellas' data sharing policy can be found at https://www.clinicaltrials.astellas.com/transparency/.
- Expanded access
- Available
Publications
Yamaguchi K, Shoji H, Yasui H, Oki E, Sakai D, Hamaguchi T, Tsuji A, Oshima T, Tsuda M, Minashi K, Yang J, Guerrero A, Ueno Y, Matsangou M, Gourgioti G, Nakanishi Y, Furuki S, Kuwamoto K, Yamada S, Shitara K. Zolbetuximab plus chemotherapy in Japanese patients with claudin 18.2-positive gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a combined subgroup analysis of the phase 3 SPOTLIGHT and GLOW trials. Gastric Cancer. 2026 Jul;29(4):777-787. doi: 10.1007/s10120-026-01738-7. Epub 2026 May 7.
PubMed 42095986Stratton SP, Pang L, Pugh J, Kouzova M, Baldwin D, McDonald J, Lawrence-Glaze R, Moran S, Guerrero A, Moran D. Analytical and Clinical Performance of the VENTANA CLDN18 (43-14A) RxDx Assay in Gastric and Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma Tissue Samples in SPOTLIGHT and GLOW. Mod Pathol. 2025 Dec;38(12):100844. doi: 10.1016/j.modpat.2025.100844. Epub 2025 Jul 16.
PubMed 40680855Shitara K, Shah MA, Lordick F, Bang YJ, Ilson D, Van Cutsem E, Enzinger P, Kim SS, Klempner SJ, Moran D, Park JW, Bhattacharya P, Ajani JA, Xu RH. Zolbetuximab plus chemotherapy for locally advanced unresectable or metastatic stomach or gastroesophageal junction cancers: a plain language summary. Future Oncol. 2024;20(26):1861-1877. doi: 10.1080/14796694.2024.2342107. Epub 2024 May 24.
PubMed 38861294Shah MA, Shitara K, Ajani JA, Bang YJ, Enzinger P, Ilson D, Lordick F, Van Cutsem E, Gallego Plazas J, Huang J, Shen L, Oh SC, Sunpaweravong P, Soo Hoo HF, Turk HM, Oh M, Park JW, Moran D, Bhattacharya P, Arozullah A, Xu RH. Zolbetuximab plus CAPOX in CLDN18.2-positive gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: the randomized, phase 3 GLOW trial. Nat Med. 2023 Aug;29(8):2133-2141. doi: 10.1038/s41591-023-02465-7. Epub 2023 Jul 31.
PubMed 37524953