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PericoronitispdtNCT03576105

Evaluation of Photodynamic Therapy in Pericoronitis

A study testing irrigation /sterile saline, Conventional methylene blue as photosensitizer and Methylene blue for oral use as photosensitizer in people with Pericoronitis, run by University of Nove de Julho at 1 site in Brazil.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

In order to reduce the chances of systemic dissemination of the infection and the use of antibiotics, it is mandatory to test effective treatments in the initial phase of pericoronitis aiming to avoid the evolution of the infectious disease. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 13 to 60 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
Pericoronitis
What is being tested?
irrigation /sterile saline, Conventional methylene blue as photosensitizer and Methylene blue for oral use as photosensitizer
Type of treatment
Pill or oral medicine
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
34 participants
Where
1 siteBrazil
Study dates
1 Dec 2019to 15 Jun 2024
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 13 to 60 years
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Child, Adult

Who may be able to join

  • Patients should have at least one lower third partially visible molar in the oral cavity to be examined (Lower third molar erupted or partially erupted, with pericoronitis)
  • All patients, regardless of age, gender, cultural level or socioeconomic status may participate in the research.

Who cannot join

  • patients allergic to methylene blue
  • pregnant or breastfeeding women,
  • those with local infection (e.g., pericoronitis or periodontal abscess) presence of purulent exudate,
  • those with fever (temperature above 37.8 C)
  • Patients who have used anti-inflammatory drugs or antibiotic medications in the last three months will also be excluded.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

Brazil1 site
  • Nove de Julho University

    São Paulo, 01504-001

Other trials in Brazil

About this study

Official title: Evaluation of Photodynamic Therapy in Pericoronitis: a Randomized, Controlled, Double-blind Clinical Study

In order to reduce the chances of systemic dissemination of the infection and the use of antibiotics, it is mandatory to test effective treatments in the initial phase of pericoronitis aiming to avoid the evolution of the infectious disease. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an interesting alternative because it is an effective antimicrobial treatment that is easy to perform and does not cause bacterial resistance. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with methylene blue in a surfactant vehicle in pericoronitis in the initial phase in healthy youngsters through microbiological, clinical and immunoregulatory response. The impact of pericoronitis on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of these patients will also be evaluated. 34 healthy young patients with pericoronitis will be evaluated. Microbiological analysis will be performed by RT-PCR for the bacterium Tannarella forsithia (Tf).Gingival crevicular fluid will be collected to evaluate TNF-α, IL1-β, IL-6 and IL-8 and IL-10 by the Luminex assay. The variables will be pain (visual analogue scale), edema, trismus (digital caliper) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) will also be evaluated through the OHIP-14 questionnaire. The variables will be assessed at T1 (baseline)and T2 (4th day after PDT).

Read the detailed description

Pericoronitis is a common disease in the eruption phase of third molars, sometimes debilitating, with an impact on the quality of life. The most indicated treatment in the initial phase is the irrigation for cleanliness of the region. If there is no adequate treatment at this stage, there may be evolution of the infectious condition so that antibiotic therapy is indicated. In order to reduce the chances of systemic dissemination of the infection and the use of antibiotics, it is mandatory to test effective treatments in the initial phase of pericoronitis aiming to avoid the evolution of the infectious disease. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an interesting alternative because it is an effective antimicrobial treatment that is easy to perform and does not cause bacterial resistance. The methylene blue used in PDT has been studied in a surfactant vehicle, which optimizes the formation of monomers increasing its antimicrobial action. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with methylene blue in an surfactant vehicle in pericoronitis in the initial phase in healthy youngsters through microbiological, clinical and immunoregulatory response. The impact of pericoronitis on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of these patients will also be evaluated. Method: In this randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical bioequivalence trial, 34 healthy young patients with pericoronitis will be evaluated. Patients will be randomized into the positive control group (G1) (n = 17): irrigation with sterile saline and photodynamic therapy (conventional methylene blue at 0.005% concentration and irradiation with low intensity laser λ = 660 nm, 9J per point and radiant exposure of 318 J / cm2), and the experimental group (G2) (n = 17): treatment identical to G1, however methylene blue will be delivered in a new formulation for oral use. Microbiological analysis will be performed by RT-PCR for the bacterium Tannerella forsithia (Tf).Non-stimulated saliva will be collected to evaluate TNF-α, IL1-β, IL-6 and IL-8 and IL-10 by Luminex assay. The pain (visual analogue scale), edema and buccal opening (digital caliper) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) will also be evaluated through the OHIP-14 questionnaire. The variables will be evaluated in T1 (baseline), and T2 (4th day after PDT).

Conditions
Pericoronitis
Being tested
irrigation /sterile saline, Conventional methylene blue as photosensitizer, Methylene blue for oral use as photosensitizer, Photodynamic therapy
Keywords
third molar, pericoronitis, photodynamic therapy, microbiological analysis, laser, randomized controlled clinical study
Medical subject headings
Pericoronitis

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • irrigation /sterile salineCombination product

    mechanical removal of bacteria with sterile saline

  • Conventional methylene blue as photosensitizerCombination product

    Also called photodynamic therapy with conventional methylene blue

    Irrigation with 0,04mL of photosensitizer (0,005%) inside the gingival sulcus around the third molar with pericoronarite for 3 minutes

  • Methylene blue for oral use as photosensitizerCombination product

    Also called photodynamic therapy with methylene blue for oral use

    Irrigation with 0,04mL of photosensitizer(0,005%) inside the gingival sulcus around the third molar with pericoronarite for 3 minutes

  • Photodynamic therapyCombination product

    Also called PDT

    Red laser for photodynamic therapy (Therapy XT,DMC,Sao Carlos,Sao Paulo,Brazil) Device irradiation with low intensity laser λ = 660 nm, 9J per point and radiant 90 seconds

Study groups in NCT03576105
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
experimental groupExperimentalG1 - 17 patients Photodynamic therapy with convention methylene blue as photosesintizer irrigation /sterile saline Conventional methylene blue as photosensitizer -Irrigation with 0,04mL of photosensitizer (0,005%) inside the gingival sulcus around the third molar with pericoronarite for 3 minutes Photodynamic therapy -Device irradiation with low intensity laser λ = 660 nm, 9J per point and radiant 90 seconds
Receives: Combination Product: irrigation /sterile saline; Combination Product: Conventional methylene blue as photosensitizer; Combination Product: Photodynamic therapy
positive control groupActive comparatorG2 - 17 patients Photodynamic therapy with oral formula of methylene blue as photosesintizer, treatment identical to G1, however methylene blue will be delivered in a new formulation for oral use (patent aplicattion INPI BR1020170253902) irrigation /sterile saline Photodynamic therapy -Methylene blue for oral use as photosensitizer-Irrigation with 0,04mL of photosensitizer (0,005%) inside the gingival sulcus around the third molar with pericoronarite for 3 minutes Device irradiation with low intensity laser λ = 660 nm, 9J per point and radiant 90 seconds
Receives: Combination Product: irrigation /sterile saline; Combination Product: Methylene blue for oral use as photosensitizer; Combination Product: Photodynamic therapy

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Microbiological analysis will be performed by RT-PCR for the bacterium Tannarella forsithia (Tf)

    Sample collection for microbiological analysis Biofilm collection will be done at two points of the vestibular gingival sulcus of the lower third molar using minifive curettes. The collected material will be maintained in TE (Tris-EDTA), conditioned in microtubes and later transported for laboratory analysis in the Microbiology Laboratory of ICB-USP Prof. Marcia Mayer

    Measured: change from baseline, immediately after PDT and on fourth day after PDT

Secondary outcomes (6)
  1. Profile of cytokines Gingival crevicular fluid will be collected

    gingival crevicular fluid sample will be obtained. Samples will be kept in ice cube tubes. The saliva will be centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 10 minutes at -4 ° C and stored at -80 ° C for further analysis. Determination of plasma levels of the inflammatory markers TNF-α, IL1-β, IL-6 and IL-8 by Luminex assay

    Measured: change from baseline and on fourth day after PDT

  2. pain assessed by Vas

    The pain will be assessed by applying a VAS visual analogic scale, consisting of a 100-mm line numbered in centimeters, with two closed ends. One end is labeled "0" and the other "100", meaning no pain and terrible pain, respectively. Each patient will be instructed to mark a vertical line with the point that best matches the intensity of pain during the evaluation. Instructions on marking will always be given to the patient by the same operator

    Measured: change from baseline, immediately after PDT and on fourth day after PDT

  3. edema assessed by measuring facial distance

    The criteria for the determination of edema will follow pre-established measurements: (I) Corner of the eye to angle of the jaw (II) Tragus to the labial commissure and (III) Tragus to pogonion as described by Ustun, 2003. Edema will be the sum of three pre-established facial measures (using a digital caliper).

    Measured: change from baseline, immediately after PDT and on fourth day after PDT

  4. trismus assessed by measuring bucal opening

    For evaluation of the presence of trismus the inter-incisor measurement (distance between the incisal edge of the maxillary central incisor and lower) will be used with a digital caliper (Mitutoyo Digimatic Caliper model, Japan).

    Measured: change from baseline, immediately after PDT and on fourth day after PDT

  5. OHRQoL assessed by ohip-14

    Oral health related quality of life: using OHIP-14 questionnaire we will assess the impact on HRQOL will be measured. This instrument consists of 14 items arranged in 7 factors: functional limitation, physical pain, psychological discomfort, physical disability, psychological disability, social disability, and handicap. The answers are given in a 5-point Likert scale (0 = never, 1 = rarely, 2 = sometimes, 3 = often, 4 = always).

    Measured: change from baseline, immediately after PDT and on fourth day after PDT

  6. position and classification of third molar

    Position and classification of the lower third molars: the position of the teeth will be assessed by panoramic radiography, according to the classification of Pell and Gregory and Winter (1942), performed only by an evaluator, following the criteria of imaginary lines as proposed by Almendros-Marques , (2008).

    Measured: baseline

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted3 Jul 2018
  2. Study start1 Dec 2019
  3. Primary completion20 Apr 2024
  4. Study completion15 Jun 2024

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Model description
Endpoint Classification: Bio-equivalence Study Enrollment: 34 \[Anticipated\]
Masking
Double blind
Who is masked
Participant, Investigator
Enrolment
34 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT03576105
Sponsor's protocol ID
pericoronitis
Acronym
pdt
Status last verified
Jul 2026
First submitted
6 Jun 2018
Last updated
29 Jul 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Publications

  • da Silva T, da Silva FC, Gomes AO, Viana AO, Goncalves MLL, Rodrigues MFSD, Horliana ACRT, da Silva DFT, Chavantes MC, Fragoso YD, Branco LP, Motta LJ, Fernandes KPS, Mesquita-Ferrari RA, Bussadori SK. Effect of photobiomodulation treatment in the sublingual, radial artery region, and along the spinal column in individuals with multiple sclerosis: Protocol for a randomized, controlled, double-blind, clinical trial. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018 May;97(19):e0627. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000010627.

    PubMed 29742699
  • Sobral APT, Godoy CLH, Fernandes KPS, Bussadori SK, Ferrari RAM, Horliana ACRT, Monken SF, Motta LJ. Photomodulation in the treatment of chronic pain in patients with temporomandibular disorder: protocol for cost-effectiveness analysis. BMJ Open. 2018 May 5;8(5):e018326. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018326.

    PubMed 29730613
  • da Cunha Moraes G, Vitoretti LB, de Brito AA, Alves CE, de Oliveira NCR, Dos Santos Dias A, Matos YST, Oliveira-Junior MC, Oliveira LVF, da Palma RK, Candeo LC, Lino-Dos-Santos-Franco A, Horliana ACRT, Gimenes Junior JA, Aimbire F, Vieira RP, Ligeiro-de-Oliveira AP. Low-Level Laser Therapy Reduces Lung Inflammation in an Experimental Model of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Involving P2X7 Receptor. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2018 Mar 4;2018:6798238. doi: 10.1155/2018/6798238. eCollection 2018.

    PubMed 29686745
  • Okamoto CB, Motta LJ, Prates RA, da Mota ACC, Goncalves MLL, Horliana ACRT, Mesquita Ferrari RA, Fernandes KPS, Bussadori SK. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy as a Co-adjuvant in Endodontic Treatment of Deciduous Teeth: Case Series. Photochem Photobiol. 2018 Jul;94(4):760-764. doi: 10.1111/php.12902. Epub 2018 Apr 30.

    PubMed 29420856
  • Belotto RA, Chavantes MC, Tardivo JP, Euzebio Dos Santos R, Fernandes RCM, Horliana ACRT, Pavani C, Teixeira da Silva DF. Therapeutic comparison between treatments for Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: study protocol of a randomized prospective and controlled trial. BMC Womens Health. 2017 Aug 10;17(1):61. doi: 10.1186/s12905-017-0414-y.

    PubMed 28793884
  • Schalch TO, Palmieri M, Longo PL, Braz-Silva PH, Tortamano IP, Michel-Crosato E, Mayer MPA, Jorge WA, Bussadori SK, Pavani C, Negreiros RM, Horliana ACRT. Evaluation of photodynamic therapy in pericoronitis: Protocol of randomized, controlled, double-blind study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Apr;98(17):e15312. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000015312.

    PubMed 31027098

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing irrigation /sterile saline, Conventional methylene blue as photosensitizer and Methylene blue for oral use as photosensitizer in people with Pericoronitis, run by University of Nove de Julho at 1 site in Brazil.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 29 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Brazil. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Microbiological analysis will be performed by RT-PCR for the bacterium Tannarella forsithia (Tf) (time frame: change from baseline, immediately after PDT and on fourth day after PDT). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03576105, which also lists 6 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 29 Jul 2026.

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