Consumption, AlcoholNCT03553043
Energy Labelling for Alcohol Drinks in New Zealand: Consumers Perceptions and Impacts on Purchase Behaviour
A study testing Intervention in people with Consumption, Alcohol and Drinking, Alcohol, run by University of Auckland, New Zealand at 1 site in New Zealand.
Trial summary
A two-stage qualitative and quantitative study to provide insight into consumers' awareness of energy in alcoholic beverages, and how energy labelling effects consumer behaviour. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Consumption, Alcohol, Drinking, Alcohol
- What is being tested?
- Intervention
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 615 participants
- Where
- 1 siteNew Zealand
- Study dates
- 14 May 2018to 23 Sep 2018
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- are ≥18 years of age;
- having purchased and consumed at least one alcoholic beverage in the past month;
- be able to read English;
- reside in New Zealand;
- be a member of the online panel of "Research Now Survey Sampling International".
Who cannot join
- Participants not meeting the eligibility criteria will be excluded.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
New Zealand1 site
National Institute for Health Innovation, University of Auckland
Auckland
About this study
A two-stage qualitative and quantitative study to provide insight into consumers' awareness of energy in alcoholic beverages, and how energy labelling effects consumer behaviour.
Read the detailed description
Rationale: In 2016/2017, one in five (19.5%) New Zealand adults (≥15 years and older) had an alcohol drinking pattern that carriers a risk of harming the drinker or another, and one in three (32.9%) young adults aged 18 to 24 years are hazardous drinkers. To reduce alcohol-related harm and help New Zealanders make positive decisions about their alcohol use, strategies are needed that not only inform them about health risks but also alter the environment they find themselves in on a daily basis. Unlike most packaged food products, alcoholic beverages are not required to present a statement of the composition of the product, such as amount of alcohol, energy or the nutrient content. It has been suggested that in the absence of this information, consumers of alcohol have no idea how much energy, alcohol or kilojoules they are consuming. Research indicates that nutrition labelling of food and non-alcoholic beverage products does impact consumer perceptions and product evaluations. A recent poll by Stuff showed that 83% of 3,300 New Zealanders indicated that they want to know what they are consuming and supported placement of ingredients and nutritional information on alcohol products.
Objectives: To provide insight into consumers' awareness of energy in alcoholic beverages, and in their views on energy labelling of alcoholic beverages. The project also aims to explore the effects of different types of energy labelling on consumers alcohol purchase behaviour.
Design: Two-staged qualitative and quantitative study.
- Qualitative stage: Focus groups.
- Quantitative stage: Four-arm randomised controlled trial. This qualitative stage aims to test the effects of three different types of alcohol energy labels on alcoholic beverages on (online) purchase behaviour, compared to a control (no label) condition, using an 'online shopping cart'.
Recruitment: Panel.
Sample size: Qualitative stage: n=36 (six focus groups with six people per group); Quantitative stage: n=600 (n=150 participants per experimental condition).
- Conditions
- Consumption, Alcohol, Drinking, Alcohol
- Being tested
- Intervention, Control
- Keywords
- consumer behaviour, alcohol labelling, energy labelling
- Medical subject headings
- Alcohol Drinking
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
InterventionBehavioural
Energy label condition.
ControlBehavioural
No label
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Energy Label 1 | Experimental | Alcoholic beverage displayed with Energy label 1 Receives: Behavioral: Intervention |
| Energy Label 2 | Experimental | Alcoholic beverage displayed with Energy Label 2 Receives: Behavioral: Intervention |
| Energy Label 3 | Experimental | Alcoholic beverage displayed with Energy Label 3 Receives: Behavioral: Intervention |
| Unlabelled | Placebo comparator | Alcohol beverage displayed unlabelled. Receives: Behavioral: Control |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Consumer online purchasing behaviour
Consumer online purchasing behaviour assessed on an 11-point Juster scale (where 1 = no chance/almost no chance and 11 = certain/practically certain
Measured: Measured immediately after randomization
Secondary outcomes (7)
Purchase behaviour
Number of alcoholic beverage(s) bought in the online shopping cart
Measured: Measured immediately after randomization
Perceived and estimated energy content of displayed product
Assessed using a seven-point scale ranging from "very low" to "very high" and the estimated energy content of the product
Measured: Measured at randomization
Perceived confidence in estimating energy content of displayed product
assessed using a seven-point scale ranging from "not confident at all" to "very confident"
Measured: Measured immediately after randomization
Intention to consume displayed product
Assessed using a seven-point scale ranging from "would decrease consumption level" to "would increase consumption level"
Measured: Measured immediately after randomization
Attitudes towards displayed product
On a seven-point rating scale participants will be asked whether they believe the displayed alcoholic product was expensive/cheap, unattractive/attractive, low quality/high quality, unhealthy/healthy, and taste bad/good.
Measured: Measured immediately after randomization
Support for displayed label
On a seven-point rating scale participants will be asked whether they would support the implementation of the displayed label
Measured: Measured at randomization
Attitudes towards alcohol
Assessed using the Scale for Measurement of Attitudes Towards Alcohol, a tool used to i) assess people's risk profile regarding the use of alcohol and ii) identify the factors that contribute to determining their attitudes
Measured: Measured immediately after randomization
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted12 Jun 2018
- Study start14 May 2018
- Primary completion23 Sep 2018
- Study completion23 Sep 2018
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Consumption, AlcoholStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1:1 ratio, stratified by ethnicity and alcohol use) by computer to view on-line one of four label conditions.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 615 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Auckland, New Zealand
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Te Hiringa Hauora/Health Promotion Agency
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Natalie Walker, University of Auckland, New Zealand
- Investigators
- Natalie Walker, PhD, Principal investigator, University of Auckland, New Zealand
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03553043
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- NI373821
- Status last verified
- Aug 2021
- First submitted
- 20 May 2018
- Last updated
- 19 Aug 2021
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Walker N, McCormack J, Jiang, Y, Lang B, Ni Murchu C. (2018). Energy labelling for alcoholic beverages in New Zealand: Clinical trial. Phase 2 report: Wellington: Health Promotion Agency.
Walker N, McCormack J, Jiang, Y, Lang B, Ni Murchu C. (2018). Energy labelling for alcoholic beverages in New Zealand: Consumer perceptions. Phase 1 report: Focus Groups. Wellington: Health Promotion Agency. ISBN:978-0-478-44956-3.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 19 Aug 2021. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Energy Labelling for Alcohol Drinks in New Zealand: Consumers Perceptions and Impacts on Purchase Behaviour
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03553043
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- NI373821
- Conditions
- Consumption, Alcohol, Drinking, Alcohol
- Keywords
- consumer behaviour, alcohol labelling, energy labelling
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 615 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of Auckland, New ZealandUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Te Hiringa Hauora/Health Promotion Agency
- Study start
- 14 May 2018 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 23 Sep 2018 (actual)
- Study completion
- 23 Sep 2018 (actual)
- First posted
- 12 Jun 2018 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
A two-stage qualitative and quantitative study to provide insight into consumers' awareness of energy in alcoholic beverages, and how energy labelling effects consumer behaviour.
Detailed description
Rationale: In 2016/2017, one in five (19.5%) New Zealand adults (≥15 years and older) had an alcohol drinking pattern that carriers a risk of harming the drinker or another, and one in three (32.9%) young adults aged 18 to 24 years are hazardous drinkers. To reduce alcohol-related harm and help New Zealanders make positive decisions about their alcohol use, strategies are needed that not only inform them about health risks but also alter the environment they find themselves in on a daily basis. Unlike most packaged food products, alcoholic beverages are not required to present a statement of the composition of the product, such as amount of alcohol, energy or the nutrient content. It has been suggested that in the absence of this information, consumers of alcohol have no idea how much energy, alcohol or kilojoules they are consuming. Research indicates that nutrition labelling of food and non-alcoholic beverage products does impact consumer perceptions and product evaluations. A recent poll by Stuff showed that 83% of 3,300 New Zealanders indicated that they want to know what they are consuming and supported placement of ingredients and nutritional information on alcohol products.
Objectives: To provide insight into consumers' awareness of energy in alcoholic beverages, and in their views on energy labelling of alcoholic beverages. The project also aims to explore the effects of different types of energy labelling on consumers alcohol purchase behaviour.
Design: Two-staged qualitative and quantitative study.
- Qualitative stage: Focus groups.
- Quantitative stage: Four-arm randomised controlled trial. This qualitative stage aims to test the effects of three different types of alcohol energy labels on alcoholic beverages on (online) purchase behaviour, compared to a control (no label) condition, using an 'online shopping cart'.
Recruitment: Panel.
Sample size: Qualitative stage: n=36 (six focus groups with six people per group); Quantitative stage: n=600 (n=150 participants per experimental condition).
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 4
- Model description
- Participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1:1 ratio, stratified by ethnicity and alcohol use) by computer to view on-line one of four label conditions.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Energy Label 1 | Experimental | Behavioral: InterventionAlcoholic beverage displayed with Energy label 1 |
| Energy Label 2 | Experimental | Behavioral: InterventionAlcoholic beverage displayed with Energy Label 2 |
| Energy Label 3 | Experimental | Behavioral: InterventionAlcoholic beverage displayed with Energy Label 3 |
| Unlabelled | Placebo comparator | Behavioral: ControlAlcohol beverage displayed unlabelled. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- are ≥18 years of age;
- having purchased and consumed at least one alcoholic beverage in the past month;
- be able to read English;
- reside in New Zealand;
- be a member of the online panel of "Research Now Survey Sampling International".
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Participants not meeting the eligibility criteria will be excluded.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| InterventionEnergy label condition. | Behavioural | Energy Label 1, Energy Label 2, Energy Label 3 |
| ControlNo label | Behavioural | Unlabelled |
Primary outcome
Consumer online purchasing behaviour
Time frame: Measured immediately after randomization
Consumer online purchasing behaviour assessed on an 11-point Juster scale (where 1 = no chance/almost no chance and 11 = certain/practically certain
7 secondary outcomes
Purchase behaviour
Time frame: Measured immediately after randomization
Perceived and estimated energy content of displayed product
Time frame: Measured at randomization
Perceived confidence in estimating energy content of displayed product
Time frame: Measured immediately after randomization
Intention to consume displayed product
Time frame: Measured immediately after randomization
Attitudes towards displayed product
Time frame: Measured immediately after randomization
Support for displayed label
Time frame: Measured at randomization
Attitudes towards alcohol
Time frame: Measured immediately after randomization
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 19 Aug 2021.
- Results publicationWalker N, McCormack J, Jiang, Y, Lang B, Ni Murchu C. (2018). Energy labelling for alcoholic beverages in New Zealand: Clinical trial. Phase 2 report: Wellington: Health Promotion Agency.
- Results publicationWalker N, McCormack J, Jiang, Y, Lang B, Ni Murchu C. (2018). Energy labelling for alcoholic beverages in New Zealand: Consumer perceptions. Phase 1 report: Focus Groups. Wellington: Health Promotion Agency. ISBN:978-0-478-44956-3.
- ReportLink provided by the sponsor.
- ReportLink provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Natalie Walker, PhD principal investigator
University of Auckland, New Zealand
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Intervention in people with Consumption, Alcohol and Drinking, Alcohol, run by University of Auckland, New Zealand at 1 site in New Zealand.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 Aug 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in New Zealand. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Consumer online purchasing behaviour (time frame: Measured immediately after randomization). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03553043, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 Aug 2021; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 7 Nov 2026.