Focal Segmental GlomerulosclerosisPhase 3DUPLEXNCT03493685
Study of Sparsentan in Patients With Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)
A Phase 3 study testing sparsentan and Irbesartan in people with Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis, run by Travere Therapeutics, Inc. at 226 sites in 22 countries.
Trial summary
To determine the long-term nephroprotective potential of treatment with sparsentan as compared to an angiotensin receptor blocker in patients with primary and genetic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 8 to 75 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- What is being tested?
- sparsentan and Irbesartan
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 371 participants
- Where
- 226 sitesin 22 countries
- Study dates
- 17 Apr 2018to 19 Mar 2026
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 8 to 75 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Sites within the US and UK: The patient is male or female aged 8 to 75 years, inclusive, weighing ≥20 kg at screening
- Sites outside the US and UK: The patient is male or female aged 18 to 75 years, inclusive, weighing ≥20 kg at screening
- Biopsy-proven focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) lesion(s) or documentation of a genetic mutation in a podocyte protein associated with FSGS.
- Urine protein/creatinine (UP/C) ≥1.5 g/g (170 mg/mmol) at screening
- eGFR ≥30 mL/min/1.73 m2 at screening.
- Women of childbearing potential must agree to the use of one highly reliable method of contraception from 7 days prior to the first dose of study medication until 90 days after the last dose of study medication, plus one additional barrier method during sexual activity
Who cannot join
- FSGS secondary to another condition
- Positive serological tests of another primary or secondary glomerular disease not consistent with a diagnosis of primary or genetic FSGS
- History of type 1 diabetes mellitus, uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus, or nonfasting blood glucose >180 mg/dL (10.0 mmol/L)
- Treated with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, or abatacept within ≤3 months prior to screening; if taking other chronic immunosuppressive medications, the dosage must be stable prior to screening
- Documented history of heart failure, coronary artery disease, or cerebrovascular disease
- Significant liver disease
Show all 22Show fewer
- Positive at screening for the human immunodeficiency virus or markers indicating acute or chronic hepatitis B virus infection or hepatitis C infection
- History of malignancy other than adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer or cervical carcinoma within the past 2 years
- Screening hematocrit value <27% (0.27 L/L) or hemoglobin value <9 g/dL (90 g/L)
- Screening potassium value of >5.5 mEq/L (5.5 mmol/L)
- Extreme obesity (ie, ≥18 years of age with a body mass index (BMI) >40, or is <18 years of age with a BMI in the 99th percentile plus 5 units at screening, in whom there is a causal relationship between obesity and the development of FSGS
- History of alcohol or illicit drug use disorder
- History of serious side effect or allergic response to any angiotensin II antagonist or endothelin receptor antagonist
- Female patient is pregnant, plans to become pregnant during the course of the study, or is breastfeeding.
- Key Inclusion Criteria for the Open-label Extension Based on assessments at the Week 108 visit:
- Complete participation in the double-blind period, including the Week 112 visit.
- Patient received blinded study medication through the duration of the double-blind period (ie, did not permanently discontinue study medication)
- Key Exclusion Criteria for the Open-label Extension Based on Assessments at Week 108 and 112 visits:
- Progression to end-stage renal disease requiring replacement therapy
- The patient developed criteria for discontinuation between Week 108 and Week 112
- The patient was unable to initiate, or developed contraindications to, treatment with RAAS inhibitors between Week 108 and Week 112
- eGFR ≤20 mL/min/1.73 m2 at Week 108
Trial locations and contacts
226 sites in 22 countries.
226 sites in 22 countries
United States87 sites
Travere Investigational Site
Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109
Travere Investigational Site
Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, 18017
Travere Investigational Site
Boston, Massachusetts, 02111
Travere Investigational Site
Camp Hill, Pennsylvania, 17011
Travere Investigational Site
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27514
Travere Investigational Site
Chicago, Illinois, 60611
Travere Investigational Site
Cleveland, Ohio, 44195
Travere Investigational Site
Columbia, South Carolina, 29203
Travere Investigational Site
Columbus, Ohio, 43210
Travere Investigational Site
Coral Springs, Florida, 33071
Travere Investigational Site
Corpus Christi, Texas, 78412
Travere Investigational Site
Dallas, Texas, 75231
Travere Investigational Site
Dallas, Texas, 75235
Travere Investigational Site
Dallas, Texas, 75246
Travere Investigational Site
Denver, Colorado, 80205
Travere Investigational Site
Denver, Colorado, 80230
Travere Investigational Site
Detroit, Michigan, 48202
Travere Investigational Site
Durham, North Carolina, 27710
Travere Investigational Site
El Paso, Texas, 79902
Travere Investigational Site
Fort Lauderdale, Florida, 33308
Travere Investigational Site
Fort Worth, Texas, 76104
Travere Investigational Site
Fresh Meadows, New York, 11365
Travere Investigational Site
Gainesville, Florida, 32610
Travere Investigational Site
Hackensack, New Jersey, 07601
Travere Investigational Site
Hampton, Virginia, 23666
Travere Investigational Site
Hinsdale, Illinois, 60521
Travere Investigational Site
Houston, Texas, 77030
Travere Investigational Site
Houston, Texas, 77054
Travere Investigational Site
Kansas City, Kansas, 66160
Travere Investigational Site
Kansas City, Missouri, 64108
Travere Investigational Site
Kansas City, Missouri, 64111
Travere Investigational Site
Las Vegas, Nevada, 89129
Travere Investigational Site
Lawrenceville, Georgia, 30046
Travere Investigational Site
Lewisville, Texas, 75057
Travere Investigational Site
Los Angeles, California, 90048
Travere Investigational Site
Louisville, Kentucky, 40202
Travere Investigational Site
Marshfield, Wisconsin, 54449
Travere Investigational Site
Memphis, Tennessee, 38103
Travere Investigational Site
Mesa, Arizona, 85210
Travere Investigational Site
Miami, Florida, 33126
Travere Investigational Site
Miami, Florida, 33136
Travere Investigational Site
Miami, Florida, 33155
Travere Investigational Site
Middlebury, Connecticut, 06762
Travere Investigational Site
Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55404
Travere Investigational Site
Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455
Travere Investigational Site
Monroe, Louisiana, 71201
Travere Investigational Site
Morgantown, West Virginia, 26506
Travere Investigational Site
Nampa, Idaho, 86387
Travere Investigational Site
New Hyde Park, New York, 11040
Travere Investigational Site
New Orleans, Louisiana, 70121
Travere Investigational Site
New York, New York, 10016
Travere Investigational Site
New York, New York, 10029
Travere Investigational Site
New York, New York, 10032
Travere Investigational Site
Northridge, California, 91324
Travere Investigational Site
Ocala, Florida, 34471
Travere Investigational Site
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104
Travere Investigational Site
Orlando, Florida, 32827
Travere Investigational Site
Palo Alto, California, 94304
Travere Investigational Site
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104
Travere Investigational Site
Phoenix, Arizona, 85027
Travere Investigational Site
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15224
Travere Investigational Site
Port Charlotte, Florida, 33952
Travere Investigational Site
Raleigh, North Carolina, 27609
Travere Investigational Site
Reno, Nevada, 89511
Travere Investigational Site
Rochester, Minnesota, 55902
Travere Investigational Site
Roseburg, Oregon, 97471
Travere Investigational Site
Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112
Travere Investigational Site
Salt Lake City, Utah, 84115
Travere Investigational Site
San Diego, California, 92103
Travere Investigational Site
San Dimas, California, 91773
Travere Investigational Site
San Francisco, California, 94118
Travere Investigational Site
Sherman, Texas, 75090
Travere Investigational Site
Shreveport, Louisiana, 71101
Travere Investigational Site
Spokane, Washington, 99204
Travere Investigational Site
Springfield, Massachusetts, 01107
Travere Investigational Site
St. George, Utah, 84790
Travere Investigational Site
Temple Terrace, Florida, 33637
Travere Investigational Site
The Bronx, New York, 10467
Travere Investigational Site
Torrance, California, 90502
Travere Investigational Site
Upland, Pennsylvania, 19013
Travere Investigational Site
Victorville, California, 92395
Travere Investigational Site
Washington D.C., District of Columbia, 20010
Travere Investigational Site
Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, 53226
Travere Investigational Site
Wichita, Kansas, 67214
Travere Investigational Site
Wilmington, Delaware, 19803
Travere Investigational Site
Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27103
Travere Investigational Site
Winter Park, Florida, 32789
Spain20 sites
Travere Investigational Site
Badalona, 8916
Travere Investigational Site
Barcelona, 08003
Travere Investigational Site
Barcelona, 08025
Travere Investigational Site
Barcelona, 08035
Travere Investigational Site
Barcelona, 08036
Travere Investigational Site
Ciudad Real, 13005
Travere Investigational Site
Córdoba, 14004
Travere Investigational Site
Lugo, Burela, 27880
Travere Investigational Site
Madrid, 28040
Travere Investigational Site
Madrid, 28041
Travere Investigational Site
Majadahonda, 28222
Travere Investigational Site
Málaga, 29010
Travere Investigational Site
Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, 07120
Travere Investigational Site
Sagunto, Valencia, 46520
Travere Investigational Site
Santiago de Compostela, 15706
Travere Investigational Site
Seville, 41009
Travere Investigational Site
Seville, 41013
Travere Investigational Site
Valencia, 46014
Travere Investigational Site
Valencia, 46017
Travere Investigational Site
Zaragoza, 50009
United Kingdom15 sites
Travere Investigational Site
Brighton, BN2 5BE
Travere Investigational Site
Cambridge, CB2 0QQ
Travere Investigational Site
Cardiff, CF14 4XW
Travere Investigational Site
Carshalton, London, SM5 1AA
Travere Investigational Site
Fulwood, Preston, PR2 9HT
Travere Investigational Site
Leicester, LE5 4PW
Travere Investigational Site
London, NW3 2QG
Travere Investigational Site
London, SE5 9RS
Travere Investigational Site
Manchester, M13 9WL
Travere Investigational Site
Newcastle, NE7 7DN
Travere Investigational Site
Reading, RG1 5AN
Travere Investigational Site
Salford, M6 8HD
Travere Investigational Site
Swansea, SA6 6NL
Travere Investigational Site
Whitechapel, London, E1 1BB
Travere Investigational Site
York, YO31 8HE
France12 sites
Travere Investigational Site
Bordeaux, 33076
Travere Investigational Site
Clermont-Ferrand, 63003
Travere Investigational Site
Créteil, 94000
Travere Investigational Site
Grenoble, 38043
Travere Investigational Site
Marseille, 13005
Travere Investigational Site
Nice, 06001
Travere Investigational Site
Paris, 75010
Travere Investigational Site
Paris, 75015
Travere Investigational Site
Paris, 75743
Travere Investigational Site
Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, 42270
Travere Investigational Site
Toulouse, 31059
Travere Investigational Site
Valenciennes, 59322
Italy12 sites
Travere Investigational Site
Bari, 70124
Travere Investigational Site
Bergamo, 24127
Travere Investigational Site
Bologna, 40138
Travere Investigational Site
Florence, 50134
Travere Investigational Site
Genova, 16132
Travere Investigational Site
Germaneto, 88100
Travere Investigational Site
Lecco, 23900
Travere Investigational Site
Milan, 20122
Travere Investigational Site
Monza, 20900
Travere Investigational Site
Pavia, 27100
Travere Investigational Site
Roma, 168
Travere Investigational Site
Verona, 37126
Taiwan10 sites
Travere Investigational Site
Hualien City, 970
Travere Investigational Site
Kaohsiung City, 81362
Travere Investigational Site
New Taipei City, 235
Travere Investigational Site
Taichung, 404
Travere Investigational Site
Taichung, 40705
Travere Investigational Site
Tainan, 710
Travere Investigational Site
Taipei, 10048
Travere Investigational Site
Taipei, 104
Travere Investigational Site
Taipei, 110
Travere Investigational Site
Taoyuan, 333
Australia9 sites
Travere Investigational Site
Adelaide, South Australia, 5000
Travere Investigational Site
Birtinya, Queensland, 4575
Travere Investigational Site
Concord, New South Wales, 2139
Travere Investigational Site
Nedlands, Western Australia, 6009
Travere Investigational Site
New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, 2305
Travere Investigational Site
Parkville, Victoria, 3050
Travere Investigational Site
Saint Leonards, New South Wales, 2065
Travere Investigational Site
Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522
Travere Investigational Site
Woolloongabba, Queensland, 4102
Brazil8 sites
Travere Investigational Site
Botucatu, 18618-686
Travere Investigational Site
Itaquera, 08270-120
Travere Investigational Site
Passo Fundo, 99010-080
Travere Investigational Site
Porto Alegre, 90035-903
Travere Investigational Site
Recife, 50670-901
Travere Investigational Site
Rio de Janeiro, 20551-030
Travere Investigational Site
São Paulo, 04038-002
Travere Investigational Site
São Paulo, 05403-000
Portugal8 sites
Travere Investigational Site
Amadora, 2720-276
Travere Investigational Site
Carnaxide, 2790-134
Travere Investigational Site
Lisbon, 1050-099
Travere Investigational Site
Lisbon, 1649-035
Travere Investigational Site
Loures, 2674-514
Travere Investigational Site
Porto, 4200-319
Travere Investigational Site
Setúbal, 2910-446
Travere Investigational Site
Vila Nova de Gaia, 4434-502
Germany7 sites
Travere Investigational Site
Aachen, 52074
Travere Investigational Site
Berlin, 10117
Travere Investigational Site
Berlin, 12203
Travere Investigational Site
Düsseldorf, Westfalen, 40210
Travere Investigational Site
Hanover, 30625
Travere Investigational Site
Stuttgart, 70376
Travere Investigational Site
Villingen-Schwenningen, 78052
Poland7 sites
Travere Investigational Site
Lodz, 93-347
Travere Investigational Site
Olsztyn, 10-117
Travere Investigational Site
Olsztyn, 10-561
Travere Investigational Site
Piotrkow Trybunalski, 97-300
Travere Investigational Site
Warsaw, 00-631
Travere Investigational Site
Warsaw, 04-749
Travere Investigational Site
Wroclaw, 50-556
South Korea6 sites
Travere Investigational Site
Busan, 47392
Travere Investigational Site
Daejeon, 35015
Travere Investigational Site
Gyeonggi-do, 13620
Travere Investigational Site
Gyeonggi-do, 14068
Travere Investigational Site
Seoul, 3080
Travere Investigational Site
Seoul, 3722
Argentina4 sites
Travere Investigational Site
Buenos Aires, C1280AEB
Travere Investigational Site
Córdoba, X5000JHGQ
Travere Investigational Site
Córdoba, X5016LIG
Travere Investigational Site
Santa Fe, S3000
Belgium3 sites
Travere Investigational Site
Leuven, 3000
Travere Investigational Site
Liège, 4000
Travere Investigational Site
Roeselare, 8800
Canada3 sites
Travere Investigational Site
Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2B7
Travere Investigational Site
Greenfield Park, Quebec, J4V 2H1
Travere Investigational Site
London, Ontario, N6A 5A5
Czechia3 sites
Travere Investigational Site
Nový Jičín, 74101
Travere Investigational Site
Prague, Prague, 100 34
Travere Investigational Site
Prague, Prague, 120 00
Sweden3 sites
Travere Investigational Site
Solna, SE-171 64
Travere Investigational Site
Uppsala, 75237
Travere Investigational Site
Uppsala, SE-751 85
Denmark2 sites
Travere Investigational Site
Aarhus, Central Jutland, 8200
Travere Investigational Site
Kolding, Southern Denmark, 6000
Estonia2 sites
Travere Investigational Site
Tallinn, 10617
Travere Investigational Site
Tartu, 50406
Hong Kong2 sites
Travere Investigational Site
Hong Kong
Travere Investigational Site
Lai Chi Kok
New Zealand2 sites
Travere Investigational Site
Auckland, 1051
Travere Investigational Site
Hamilton, 3204
About this study
Official title: A Randomized, Multicenter, Double-blind, Parallel, Active-control Study of the Effects of Sparsentan, a Dual Endothelin Receptor and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker, on Renal Outcomes in Patients With Primary FSGS
To determine the long-term nephroprotective potential of treatment with sparsentan as compared to an angiotensin receptor blocker in patients with primary and genetic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS).
Read the detailed description
This is a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, parallel, active-control study. Approximately 300 patients aged 8 to 75 years (inclusive) will be enrolled in the study. The study will be conducted in approximately 300 study centers, globally. The investigational drug (sparsentan) is a dual-acting angiotensin receptor blocker and endothelin receptor antagonist. The active control is irbesartan. Patients who meet eligibility criteria will require washout from renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockers, if applicable prior to their first dose of study drug.
Patients will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either sparsentan or active control (irbesartan).
After completing the double-blind portion of the study, patients may participate in the open-label extension for treatment with sparsentan if they meet eligibility criteria.
Primary completion date represents the anticipated completion date of the double-blind portion of the study. Study completion date represents the anticipated completion date of the open-label extension portion of the study.
- Conditions
- Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- Being tested
- sparsentan, Irbesartan
- Medical subject headings
- Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
sparsentanDrug
Also called RE-021
Double-blind period: target dose of 800 mg daily; Open-label extension: target dose based on dosage from week 114 daily
IrbesartanDrug
Also called Irbesartan Tablets USP
target dose of 300 mg daily
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| sparsentan for double-blind and open-label extension | Experimental | Sparsentan will be administered as a single oral dose; an initial dose of 400 mg daily titrating up to a target dose of 800 mg, daily Receives: Drug: sparsentan |
| Irbesartan | Active comparator | Irbesartan will be administered as a single oral dose; an initial dose of 150 mg daily titrating up to a target dose of 300 mg, daily Receives: Drug: Irbesartan |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Slope of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)
The total eGFR slope over 2 years, defined as the slope of eGFR following initiation of randomized treatment (ie, Day 1 to Week 108). Estimates are calculated from a mixed-effects model with treatment, Baseline eGFR, analysis visit, treatment-by-analysis visit, randomization stratification factors as fixed effects, and intercept and slope for each participant as a random effect.
Measured: From Day 1 to Week 108
Percentage of Participants Achieving FSGS Partial Remission Endpoint (FPRE)
Percentage of participants achieving FPRE, defined as urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UP/C) ≤1.5 grams/gram (g/g) (170 milligrams per millimoles [mg/mmol]) and a >40% reduction from Baseline was analyzed using a generalized linear model to model probability of achieving FPRE. Missing responses were imputed prior to analysis using multiple imputation. A generalized linear model with appropriate link function was implemented with Baseline log (UP/C), treatment, analysis visit, treatment by analysis visit interaction, and randomization strata as fixed effects. For estimates of probability of achieving FPRE, risk difference, and odds ratio, binomial distribution with logit link was used. For relative risk, Poisson distribution with log link was used. Using Rubin's approach, estimated treatment effects are combined across all imputations to obtain overall estimates for probabilities.
Measured: Week 36
Secondary outcomes (2)
Slope of eGFR Following the Initial Acute Effect of Randomized Treatment
The chronic eGFR slope over 2 years, defined as the slope of eGFR following the initial acute effect of randomized treatment (ie, Week 6 to Week 108). Estimates were calculated from a mixed-effects model with linear spline (ie, change point at Week 6), which included treatment, Baseline eGFR, time from Baseline (TFB) (weeks), time from change point (TFCP) (weeks), treatment-by-TFB and treatment-by-TFCP interactions, and randomization stratification factors as fixed effects, intercept and slopes as random effects. The slope difference was tested by the null hypothesis that the sum of the treatment-by-TFB and treatment-by-TFCP interactions = 0.
Measured: From Week 6 to Week 108
Change From Baseline in eGFR to 4 Weeks Post-cessation of Randomized Treatment
The change from Baseline to 4 weeks post-cessation of randomized treatment (Week 112) was analyzed via an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model on the natural log(eGFR) with treatment, Baseline eGFR, and randomization strata as fixed effects. Only participants who completed the 108-week treatment period were included. Estimated LS Mean and 95% CI are converted to percentages as follows: [exponential (LS mean change from baseline in natural log(eGFR)) minus 1] multiplied by 100. Baseline (Day 1) was defined as the last non-missing assessment prior to and including the first administration of study medication in the study including unscheduled assessments. Percent change from Baseline was calculated as "[(Post Baseline minus Baseline value)/ Baseline value] multiplied by 100.
Measured: Baseline (Day 1) to Week 112
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted10 Apr 2018
- Study start17 Apr 2018
- Primary completion20 Mar 2023
- Study completion19 Mar 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (6)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Focal Segmental GlomerulosclerosisStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 371 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Travere Therapeutics, Inc.
- Sponsor type
- Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Radko Komers, MD, PhD, Study director, Travere Therapeutics, Inc.
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03493685
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 021FSGS16010
- Acronym
- DUPLEX
- Status last verified
- Apr 2026
- First submitted
- 3 Apr 2018
- Last updated
- 17 Apr 2026
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: Requests for clinical trial data, including language stating its intended use, should be directed to datarequest@travere.com. If approved, the requested information will be provided to the requestor after signing a data access agreement. Requests can be made following completion of the study and full publication of the study data in a peer reviewed journal for up to 36 months following its publication. Travere reserves the right to decline or recommend modifications to a request if it does not comply with the data sharing policy or if it is determined that the request is made by a biased source.
Publications
Yee J, Gong W, Inrig J, Rheault MN, Gruber AJ, Bedard PW, Komers R, Trachtman H. Antiproteinuric Effect of Sparsentan in Patients with Genetic-Associated FSGS Enrolled in the DUPLEX Trial. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2026 Apr 1;21(4):605-614. doi: 10.2215/CJN.0000000948. Epub 2025 Dec 23.
PubMed 41433094Rheault MN. Treatment Approaches for Alport Syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2026 Jan 1;37(1):172-179. doi: 10.1681/ASN.0000000897. Epub 2025 Sep 12.
PubMed 40938675Liu ID, Willis NS, Craig JC, Hodson EM. Interventions for idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2025 May 8;5(5):CD003594. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003594.pub7.
PubMed 40337980Rheault MN, Alpers CE, Barratt J, Bieler S, Canetta P, Chae DW, Coppock G, Diva U, Gesualdo L, Heerspink HJL, Inrig JK, Kirsztajn GM, Kohan D, Komers R, Kooienga LA, Lieberman K, Mercer A, Noronha IL, Perkovic V, Radhakrishnan J, Rote W, Rovin B, Tesar V, Trimarchi H, Tumlin J, Wong MG, Trachtman H; DUPRO Steering Committee and DUPLEX Investigators. Sparsentan versus Irbesartan in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2023 Dec 28;389(26):2436-2445. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2308550. Epub 2023 Nov 3.
PubMed 37921461Obadina M, Wilson S, Derebail VK, Little J. Emerging Therapies and Advances in Sickle Cell Disease with a Focus on Renal Manifestations. Kidney360. 2023 Jul 1;4(7):997-1005. doi: 10.34067/KID.0000000000000162. Epub 2023 May 31.
PubMed 37254256Hodson EM, Sinha A, Cooper TE. Interventions for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 Feb 28;2(2):CD003233. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003233.pub3.
PubMed 35224732
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 17 Apr 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Randomized, Multicenter, Double-blind, Parallel, Active-control Study of the Effects of Sparsentan, a Dual Endothelin Receptor and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker, on Renal Outcomes in Patients With Primary FSGS
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03493685
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- DUPLEX / 021FSGS16010
- Conditions
- Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 371 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Travere Therapeutics, Inc.Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Study start
- 17 Apr 2018 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 20 Mar 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 19 Mar 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 10 Apr 2018 (actual)
- Results
- Posted 30 Apr 2024
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
To determine the long-term nephroprotective potential of treatment with sparsentan as compared to an angiotensin receptor blocker in patients with primary and genetic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS).
Detailed description
This is a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, parallel, active-control study. Approximately 300 patients aged 8 to 75 years (inclusive) will be enrolled in the study. The study will be conducted in approximately 300 study centers, globally. The investigational drug (sparsentan) is a dual-acting angiotensin receptor blocker and endothelin receptor antagonist. The active control is irbesartan. Patients who meet eligibility criteria will require washout from renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockers, if applicable prior to their first dose of study drug.
Patients will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either sparsentan or active control (irbesartan).
After completing the double-blind portion of the study, patients may participate in the open-label extension for treatment with sparsentan if they meet eligibility criteria.
Primary completion date represents the anticipated completion date of the double-blind portion of the study. Study completion date represents the anticipated completion date of the open-label extension portion of the study.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| sparsentan for double-blind and open-label extension | Experimental | Drug: sparsentanSparsentan will be administered as a single oral dose; an initial dose of 400 mg daily titrating up to a target dose of 800 mg, daily |
| Irbesartan | Active comparator | Drug: IrbesartanIrbesartan will be administered as a single oral dose; an initial dose of 150 mg daily titrating up to a target dose of 300 mg, daily |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 8 to 75 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Sites within the US and UK: The patient is male or female aged 8 to 75 years, inclusive, weighing ≥20 kg at screening
- Sites outside the US and UK: The patient is male or female aged 18 to 75 years, inclusive, weighing ≥20 kg at screening
- Biopsy-proven focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) lesion(s) or documentation of a genetic mutation in a podocyte protein associated with FSGS.
- Urine protein/creatinine (UP/C) ≥1.5 g/g (170 mg/mmol) at screening
- eGFR ≥30 mL/min/1.73 m2 at screening.
Key exclusion criteria (22 listed)
- FSGS secondary to another condition
- Positive serological tests of another primary or secondary glomerular disease not consistent with a diagnosis of primary or genetic FSGS
- History of type 1 diabetes mellitus, uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus, or nonfasting blood glucose >180 mg/dL (10.0 mmol/L)
- Treated with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, or abatacept within ≤3 months prior to screening; if taking other chronic immunosuppressive medications, the dosage must be stable prior to screening
- Documented history of heart failure, coronary artery disease, or cerebrovascular disease
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| sparsentanAlso: RE-021Double-blind period: target dose of 800 mg daily; Open-label extension: target dose based on dosage from week 114 daily | Drug | sparsentan for double-blind and open-label extension |
| IrbesartanAlso: Irbesartan Tablets USPtarget dose of 300 mg daily | Drug | Irbesartan |
Primary outcome
Slope of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)
Time frame: From Day 1 to Week 108
The total eGFR slope over 2 years, defined as the slope of eGFR following initiation of randomized treatment (ie, Day 1 to Week 108). Estimates are calculated from a mixed-effects model with treatment, Baseline eGFR, analysis visit, treatment-by-analysis visit, randomization stratification factors as fixed effects, and intercept and slope for each participant as a random effect.
Percentage of Participants Achieving FSGS Partial Remission Endpoint (FPRE)
Time frame: Week 36
Percentage of participants achieving FPRE, defined as urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UP/C) ≤1.5 grams/gram (g/g) (170 milligrams per millimoles [mg/mmol]) and a >40% reduction from Baseline was analyzed using a generalized linear model to model probability of achieving FPRE. Missing responses were imputed prior to analysis using multiple imputation. A generalized linear model with appropriate link function was implemented with Baseline log (UP/C), treatment, analysis visit, treatment by analysis visit interaction, and randomization strata as fixed effects. For estimates of probability of achieving FPRE, risk difference, and odds ratio, binomial distribution with logit link was used. For relative risk, Poisson distribution with log link was used. Using Rubin's approach, estimated treatment effects are combined across all imputations to obtain overall estimates for probabilities.
2 secondary outcomes
Slope of eGFR Following the Initial Acute Effect of Randomized Treatment
Time frame: From Week 6 to Week 108
Change From Baseline in eGFR to 4 Weeks Post-cessation of Randomized Treatment
Time frame: Baseline (Day 1) to Week 112
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 17 Apr 2026.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 41433094Yee J, Gong W, Inrig J, Rheault MN, Gruber AJ, Bedard PW, Komers R, Trachtman H. Antiproteinuric Effect of Sparsentan in Patients with Genetic-Associated FSGS Enrolled in the DUPLEX Trial. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2026 Apr 1;21(4):605-614. doi: 10.2215/CJN.0000000948. Epub 2025 Dec 23.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 40938675Rheault MN. Treatment Approaches for Alport Syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2026 Jan 1;37(1):172-179. doi: 10.1681/ASN.0000000897. Epub 2025 Sep 12.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 40337980Liu ID, Willis NS, Craig JC, Hodson EM. Interventions for idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2025 May 8;5(5):CD003594. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003594.pub7.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 37921461Rheault MN, Alpers CE, Barratt J, Bieler S, Canetta P, Chae DW, Coppock G, Diva U, Gesualdo L, Heerspink HJL, Inrig JK, Kirsztajn GM, Kohan D, Komers R, Kooienga LA, Lieberman K, Mercer A, Noronha IL, Perkovic V, Radhakrishnan J, Rote W, Rovin B, Tesar V, Trimarchi H, Tumlin J, Wong MG, Trachtman H; DUPRO Steering Committee and DUPLEX Investigators. Sparsentan versus Irbesartan in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2023 Dec 28;389(26):2436-2445. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2308550. Epub 2023 Nov 3.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 37254256Obadina M, Wilson S, Derebail VK, Little J. Emerging Therapies and Advances in Sickle Cell Disease with a Focus on Renal Manifestations. Kidney360. 2023 Jul 1;4(7):997-1005. doi: 10.34067/KID.0000000000000162. Epub 2023 May 31.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 35224732Hodson EM, Sinha A, Cooper TE. Interventions for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 Feb 28;2(2):CD003233. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003233.pub3.
- Corporate WebsiteLink provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. Requests for clinical trial data, including language stating its intended use, should be directed to datarequest@travere.com. If approved, the requested information will be provided to the requestor after signing a data access agreement. Requests can be made following completion of the study and full publication of the study data in a peer reviewed journal for up to 36 months following its publication. Travere reserves the right to decline or recommend modifications to a request if it does not comply with the data sharing policy or if it is determined that the request is made by a biased source.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Radko Komers, MD, PhD study director
Travere Therapeutics, Inc.
226 sites in 22 countries: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 3 study testing sparsentan and Irbesartan in people with Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis, run by Travere Therapeutics, Inc. at 226 sites in 22 countries.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 22 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 17 Apr 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 226 sites in United States, Spain, United Kingdom, France, Italy and 17 more countries. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 3 studies compare the treatment with the current standard treatment or a placebo in a large group, to confirm how well it works and watch for side effects.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 30 Apr 2024). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Slope of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) (time frame: From Day 1 to Week 108). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03493685, which also lists 6 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 17 Apr 2026.