Wound of SkinPhase 2/3NCT03452072
Efficacy and Safety of 0.25% Timolol Gel in Healing Surgical Open Wounds
A Phase 2/3 study testing 0.25% Timolol gel with paraffin gauze dressings and Vaseline dressing in people with Wound of Skin and Wound Heal, run by Brigham and Women's Hospital at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
The use of topical beta-blockers, such as 0.25% timolol, in promoting wound healing is currently emerging in the academic literature. The investigators will enroll 114 patients who have their skin cancer surgically removed resulting in open surgical wounds less or equal to 1.5 cm. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Wound of Skin, Wound Heal, Wound Open
- What is being tested?
- 0.25% Timolol gel with paraffin gauze dressings and Vaseline dressing
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 87 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 20 Aug 2018to 30 Jun 2021
- Phase
- Phase 2/3
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Age greater than 18 years
- Open surgical wound ≤1.5cm
- No hypersensitivity with use of 0.25% timolol gel
Who cannot join
- Age less than 18 years of age
- Open surgical wound >1.5cm
- Pregnant women
- Use of systemic retinoids within 1 month
- Any hypersensitivity with use of 0.25% timolol gel
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
Mohs and Dermatologic Surgery Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts, 02130
About this study
Official title: Efficacy and Safety of 0.25% Timolol Gel in Healing Surgical Open Wounds: A Randomized Controlled Trial
The use of topical beta-blockers, such as 0.25% timolol, in promoting wound healing is currently emerging in the academic literature. The investigators will enroll 114 patients who have their skin cancer surgically removed resulting in open surgical wounds less or equal to 1.5 cm. The objective of this randomized safety study is to determine the safety and efficacy of 0.25% timolol in promoting wound healing in open surgical wounds less or equal to 1.5 cm.
Read the detailed description
Healing of a cutaneous defect by second intention is a complex process. Migration of fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and other cell types to the site of defect and their proliferation under stimulation by cytokines and growth factors occur during this process. The role of topical beta-blockers in promoting wound healing is currently emerging in the international literature (1-3). β2-Adrenergic receptors (B2AR) are the only subtype of beta-adrenoceptors expressed on skin (4-6). They can be found in secretory coil of apocrine glands, keratinocytes, fibroblasts and melanocytes. The distribution of these receptors provides insight on dermatological disorders that may be affected by β-blockers. Keratinocyte migration occurs by the facilitation of chemotaxis, the polarization of cells, and activation of extracellular signal-related kinases essential in the signaling of promigratory pathways. The B2AR activation inhibits keratinocyte migration by activating the serine/threonine phosphatase 2A, which downregulates phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinases necessary for migration. Therefore, B2AR antagonists prevent the phosphorylation of phosphatase 2A and have the downstream effect of extracellular signal-related kinase promotion, inducing a promigratory pathway in keratinocytes (4-6). Keratinocyte migration also occurs by galvanotaxis, a phenomenon in which cells migrate in response to electric stimuli. Keratinocytes can be stimulated to migrate with the formation of electrical poles and the application of electrical fields. The B2AR antagonists improve the ability of keratinocytes to respond to such migratory cues, whereas the B2AR agonists decrease keratinocytes' ability to respond, further implicating the use of topical timolol for recalcitrant wounds (4-6). Angiogenesis and dermal fibroblast proliferation are also regulated by B2ARs. The B2AR antagonists have been found to promote angiogenesis in chick chorioallantoic membrane assays and in vivo murine wound models. Dermal fibroblast migration is also increased (by 27%) when exposed to B2AR antagonists, and epidermal differentiation is improved with B2AR antagonists and β1- and β2-receptor antagonists (5-10).
Topical beta-blockers have been gaining increasing popularity and evidence over the last few years as enhancers of wound healing in acute and chronic open wounds. In particular, 0.25% timolol gel may represent a commercially available, safe and simple, painless-though perhaps moderately expensive-treatment for improving both acute and chronic open wounds, as well as for improving long-term cosmetic outcomes.
To assess the efficacy and safety of topically applied 0.25% timolol gel in promoting wound healing in surgical open wounds ≤1.5cm versus standard of care (SOC) by:
- Evaluating healing in response to treatment with 0.25% topical timolol gel versus SOC in terms of wound surface area reduction of open surgical wound;
- Evaluating cosmetic outcomes of surgical wounds in terms of blinded physician (Vancouver Scar Scale, VSS) and patient (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS) assessment at 3 and 6 months follow up;
- Evaluating patient discomfort during the healing process by means of a patient pain VAS;
- Determining the side effects associated to 0.25% topical timolol versus SOC; and
- Determining costs associated to the use of 0.25% topical timolol versus SOC.
- Conditions
- Wound of Skin, Wound Heal, Wound Open, Surgical Wound
- Being tested
- 0.25% Timolol gel with paraffin gauze dressings, Vaseline dressing
- Medical subject headings
- Surgical Wound
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
0.25% Timolol gel with paraffin gauze dressingsDrug
Timolol 0.25% gel will be applied to wound bed immediately after surgery before dressing is applied. Starting the day after surgery: each day, the patient will cleanse the surgical site, apply 0.25% topical timolol gel (1 drop = 0.1ml for each cm2 of wound area), and re-cover wound with clean dressing
Vaseline dressingOther
Vaseline will be applied to wound bed immediately after surgery before dressing is applied. Starting the day after surgery: each day, the patient will cleanse the surgical site, apply Vaseline, and re-cover wound with clean dressing
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| 0.25% Timolol gel under the paraffin gauzes | Experimental | 1. Timolol 0.25% gel will be applied to wound bed immediately after surgery before dressing is applied
2. Starting the day after surgery: each day, the patient will cleanse the surgical site, apply 0.25% topical timolol gel (1 drop = 0.1ml for each cm2 of wound area), and re-cover wound with clean dressing
3. This daily routine continues for 12 weeks' post-surgery (even if the surgical defect has completely healed in the interim) Receives: Drug: 0.25% Timolol gel with paraffin gauze dressings |
| Standard of Care dressings | Active comparator | 1. Vaseline will be applied to wound bed immediately after surgery before dressing is applied
2. Starting the day after surgery: each day, the patient will cleanse the surgical site, apply Vaseline, and re-cover wound with clean dressing
3. This daily routine continues for 12 weeks' post-surgery (even if the surgical defect has completely healed in the interim) Receives: Other: Vaseline dressing |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Number of Participants With Re-epithelialization at 30 Days Post op
Evaluating the difference in wound re-epithelialization at 30 days after surgery between the groups. Re-epithelialization (yes vs. no) will be evaluated by 2 independent investigators.
Measured: 30 days' post-surgery
Secondary outcomes (3)
Cosmetic Outcomes of Open Surgical Wound Healing by Blinded Physician Vancouver Scar Scale Assessment
A physician blinded to the treatment group the subject is in will self-administer the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) which documents change in scar appearance over time via standardized photographs. The VSS ranges from 0 (most desirable outcome) to 13 (least desirable outcome), thus, a lower score is considered to have a better outcome and a higher score is considered a worse outcome. The VSS consists of four sub-scales, with each sub-scale reporting a value. The "pigmentation sub-scale" ranges from 0 (normal pigmentation) to 2 (hyperpigmentation); the "vascularity sub-scale" ranges from 0 (normal appearance) to 3 (purple appearance); the "pliability sub-scale" ranges from 0 (normal pliability) to 5 (contracture); and the "height sub-scale" ranges from 0 (normal [flat]) to 3 (>5mm). Sub-scale scores are combined to give an overall VSS assessment score.
Measured: 3 months' post-surgery
Study Subject Complete the Patient Scar Assessment Via Visual Analogue Scale
Subjects will be asked to complete a Visual Analogue Scale for scar assessment to rate how they think their graft sites appear cosmetically compared to normal skin. The score ranges from 1 (no complaints with how scar appears cosmetically to normal skin) to 10 (worst imaginable scar compared to normal skin). A lower score is considered to have a better outcome and a higher score is considered a worse outcome.
Measured: 6 months' post-surgery
Number of Participants Whose Side Effects Are Associated With 0.25% Topical Timolol for Open Surgical Wounds
Patients will report and side effects they experience post-surgery. A physician will also assess for side effects and determine whether they are likely associated with the 0.25% topical timolol or part of the normal wound healing experience.
Measured: Up to 6 months' post-surgery
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted2 Mar 2018
- Study start20 Aug 2018
- Primary completion29 Dec 2020
- Study completion30 Jun 2021
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (9)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Wound of SkinStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Brigham and Women's HospitalThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2/3
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- The protocol will begin post-surgery. Eligible subjects will be assigned by computer-based randomization to case (0.25% timolol gel) or control (standard of care \[SOC\]) group and treated as follows: Case group: 1. Timolol 0.25% gel will be applied to wound bed immediately after surgery before dressing is applied 2. Starting the day after surgery: each day, the patient will cleanse the surgical site, apply 0.25% topical timolol gel (1 drop = 0.1ml for each cm2 of wound area), and re-cover wound with clean dressing 3. Daily routine continues for 12 weeks' post-surgery (even if the surgical defect has completely healed) SOC group: 1. Vaseline will be applied to wound bed immediately after surgery before dressing is applied 2. Starting the day after surgery: each day, the patient will cleanse the surgical site, apply Vaseline, and re-cover wound with clean dressing 3. This daily routine continues for 12 weeks' post-surgery (even if the surgical defect has completely healed)
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 87 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Brigham and Women's Hospital
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Chrysalyne D Schmults, MD, MSCE, Brigham and Women's Hospital
- Investigators
- Chrysalyne D Schmults, MD, MSCE, Principal investigator, Brigham and Women's Hospital
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03452072
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- BWHMDSC001
- Status last verified
- Mar 2026
- First submitted
- 16 Feb 2018
- Last updated
- 14 May 2026
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Publications
Braun LR, Lamel SA, Richmond NA, Kirsner RS. Topical timolol for recalcitrant wounds. JAMA Dermatol. 2013 Dec;149(12):1400-2. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2013.7135. No abstract available.
PubMed 24172892Ali A, Herndon DN, Mamachen A, Hasan S, Andersen CR, Grogans RJ, Brewer JL, Lee JO, Heffernan J, Suman OE, Finnerty CC. Propranolol attenuates hemorrhage and accelerates wound healing in severely burned adults. Crit Care. 2015 May 4;19(1):217. doi: 10.1186/s13054-015-0913-x.
PubMed 25936635Vestita M, Bonamonte D, Filoni A. Topical propranolol for a chronic recalcitrant wound. Dermatol Ther. 2016 May;29(3):148-9. doi: 10.1111/dth.12328. Epub 2016 Jan 22. No abstract available.
PubMed 26800510Yesiloglu N, Yildiz K, Cem Akpinar A, Gorgulu T, Sirinoglu H, Ozcan A. Histogram Planimetry Method for the Measurement of Irregular Wounds. Wounds. 2016 Sep;28(9):328-333.
PubMed 27701128Thomas B, Kurien JS, Jose T, Ulahannan SE, Varghese SA. Topical timolol promotes healing of chronic leg ulcer. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2017 Nov;5(6):844-850. doi: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2017.04.019. Epub 2017 Aug 7.
PubMed 29037357Manahan MN, Peters P, Scuderi S, Surjana D, Beardmore GL. Topical timolol for a chronic ulcer--a case with its own control. Med J Aust. 2014 Jan 20;200(1):49-50. doi: 10.5694/mja13.10823. No abstract available.
PubMed 24438420Lev-Tov H, Dahle S, Moss J, Isseroff RR. Successful treatment of a chronic venous leg ulcer using a topical beta-blocker. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2013 Oct;69(4):e204-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2013.06.003. No abstract available.
PubMed 24034405Tang JC, Dosal J, Kirsner RS. Topical timolol for a refractory wound. Dermatol Surg. 2012 Jan;38(1):135-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2011.02200.x. Epub 2011 Oct 31. No abstract available.
PubMed 22093053Zheng Z, Liu Y, Yang Y, Tang J, Cheng B. Topical 1% propranolol cream promotes cutaneous wound healing in spontaneously diabetic mice. Wound Repair Regen. 2017 May;25(3):389-397. doi: 10.1111/wrr.12546. Epub 2017 May 26.
PubMed 28494521
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 14 May 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Efficacy and Safety of 0.25% Timolol Gel in Healing Surgical Open Wounds: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03452072
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- BWHMDSC001
- Conditions
- Wound of Skin, Wound Heal, Wound Open, Surgical Wound
- Phase
- Phase 2/3
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 87 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Brigham and Women's HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 20 Aug 2018 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 29 Dec 2020 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Jun 2021 (actual)
- First posted
- 2 Mar 2018 (actual)
- Results
- Posted 14 May 2026
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The use of topical beta-blockers, such as 0.25% timolol, in promoting wound healing is currently emerging in the academic literature. The investigators will enroll 114 patients who have their skin cancer surgically removed resulting in open surgical wounds less or equal to 1.5 cm. The objective of this randomized safety study is to determine the safety and efficacy of 0.25% timolol in promoting wound healing in open surgical wounds less or equal to 1.5 cm.
Detailed description
Healing of a cutaneous defect by second intention is a complex process. Migration of fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and other cell types to the site of defect and their proliferation under stimulation by cytokines and growth factors occur during this process. The role of topical beta-blockers in promoting wound healing is currently emerging in the international literature (1-3). β2-Adrenergic receptors (B2AR) are the only subtype of beta-adrenoceptors expressed on skin (4-6). They can be found in secretory coil of apocrine glands, keratinocytes, fibroblasts and melanocytes. The distribution of these receptors provides insight on dermatological disorders that may be affected by β-blockers. Keratinocyte migration occurs by the facilitation of chemotaxis, the polarization of cells, and activation of extracellular signal-related kinases essential in the signaling of promigratory pathways. The B2AR activation inhibits keratinocyte migration by activating the serine/threonine phosphatase 2A, which downregulates phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinases necessary for migration. Therefore, B2AR antagonists prevent the phosphorylation of phosphatase 2A and have the downstream effect of extracellular signal-related kinase promotion, inducing a promigratory pathway in keratinocytes (4-6). Keratinocyte migration also occurs by galvanotaxis, a phenomenon in which cells migrate in response to electric stimuli. Keratinocytes can be stimulated to migrate with the formation of electrical poles and the application of electrical fields. The B2AR antagonists improve the ability of keratinocytes to respond to such migratory cues, whereas the B2AR agonists decrease keratinocytes' ability to respond, further implicating the use of topical timolol for recalcitrant wounds (4-6). Angiogenesis and dermal fibroblast proliferation are also regulated by B2ARs. The B2AR antagonists have been found to promote angiogenesis in chick chorioallantoic membrane assays and in vivo murine wound models. Dermal fibroblast migration is also increased (by 27%) when exposed to B2AR antagonists, and epidermal differentiation is improved with B2AR antagonists and β1- and β2-receptor antagonists (5-10).
Topical beta-blockers have been gaining increasing popularity and evidence over the last few years as enhancers of wound healing in acute and chronic open wounds. In particular, 0.25% timolol gel may represent a commercially available, safe and simple, painless-though perhaps moderately expensive-treatment for improving both acute and chronic open wounds, as well as for improving long-term cosmetic outcomes.
To assess the efficacy and safety of topically applied 0.25% timolol gel in promoting wound healing in surgical open wounds ≤1.5cm versus standard of care (SOC) by:
- Evaluating healing in response to treatment with 0.25% topical timolol gel versus SOC in terms of wound surface area reduction of open surgical wound;
- Evaluating cosmetic outcomes of surgical wounds in terms of blinded physician (Vancouver Scar Scale, VSS) and patient (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS) assessment at 3 and 6 months follow up;
- Evaluating patient discomfort during the healing process by means of a patient pain VAS;
- Determining the side effects associated to 0.25% topical timolol versus SOC; and
- Determining costs associated to the use of 0.25% topical timolol versus SOC.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- The protocol will begin post-surgery. Eligible subjects will be assigned by computer-based randomization to case (0.25% timolol gel) or control (standard of care [SOC]) group and treated as follows: Case group: 1. Timolol 0.25% gel will be applied to wound bed immediately after surgery before dressing is applied 2. Starting the day after surgery: each day, the patient will cleanse the surgical site, apply 0.25% topical timolol gel (1 drop = 0.1ml for each cm2 of wound area), and re-cover wound with clean dressing 3. Daily routine continues for 12 weeks' post-surgery (even if the surgical defect has completely healed) SOC group: 1. Vaseline will be applied to wound bed immediately after surgery before dressing is applied 2. Starting the day after surgery: each day, the patient will cleanse the surgical site, apply Vaseline, and re-cover wound with clean dressing 3. This daily routine continues for 12 weeks' post-surgery (even if the surgical defect has completely healed)
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| 0.25% Timolol gel under the paraffin gauzes | Experimental | Drug: 0.25% Timolol gel with paraffin gauze dressings1. Timolol 0.25% gel will be applied to wound bed immediately after surgery before dressing is applied 2. Starting the day after surgery: each day, the patient will cleanse the surgical site, apply 0.25% topical timolol gel (1 drop = 0.1ml for each cm2 of wound area), and re-cover wound with clean dressing 3. This daily routine continues for 12 weeks' post-surgery (even if the surgical defect has completely healed in the interim) |
| Standard of Care dressings | Active comparator | Other: Vaseline dressing1. Vaseline will be applied to wound bed immediately after surgery before dressing is applied 2. Starting the day after surgery: each day, the patient will cleanse the surgical site, apply Vaseline, and re-cover wound with clean dressing 3. This daily routine continues for 12 weeks' post-surgery (even if the surgical defect has completely healed in the interim) |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Age greater than 18 years
- Open surgical wound ≤1.5cm
- No hypersensitivity with use of 0.25% timolol gel
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Age less than 18 years of age
- Open surgical wound >1.5cm
- Pregnant women
- Use of systemic retinoids within 1 month
- Any hypersensitivity with use of 0.25% timolol gel
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| 0.25% Timolol gel with paraffin gauze dressingsTimolol 0.25% gel will be applied to wound bed immediately after surgery before dressing is applied. Starting the day after surgery: each day, the patient will cleanse the surgical site, apply 0.25% topical timolol gel (1 drop = 0.1ml for each cm2 of wound area), and re-cover wound with clean dressing | Drug | 0.25% Timolol gel under the paraffin gauzes |
| Vaseline dressingVaseline will be applied to wound bed immediately after surgery before dressing is applied. Starting the day after surgery: each day, the patient will cleanse the surgical site, apply Vaseline, and re-cover wound with clean dressing | Other | Standard of Care dressings |
Primary outcome
Number of Participants With Re-epithelialization at 30 Days Post op
Time frame: 30 days' post-surgery
Evaluating the difference in wound re-epithelialization at 30 days after surgery between the groups. Re-epithelialization (yes vs. no) will be evaluated by 2 independent investigators.
3 secondary outcomes
Cosmetic Outcomes of Open Surgical Wound Healing by Blinded Physician Vancouver Scar Scale Assessment
Time frame: 3 months' post-surgery
Study Subject Complete the Patient Scar Assessment Via Visual Analogue Scale
Time frame: 6 months' post-surgery
Number of Participants Whose Side Effects Are Associated With 0.25% Topical Timolol for Open Surgical Wounds
Time frame: Up to 6 months' post-surgery
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 14 May 2026.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Background: PubMed 24172892Braun LR, Lamel SA, Richmond NA, Kirsner RS. Topical timolol for recalcitrant wounds. JAMA Dermatol. 2013 Dec;149(12):1400-2. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2013.7135. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 25936635Ali A, Herndon DN, Mamachen A, Hasan S, Andersen CR, Grogans RJ, Brewer JL, Lee JO, Heffernan J, Suman OE, Finnerty CC. Propranolol attenuates hemorrhage and accelerates wound healing in severely burned adults. Crit Care. 2015 May 4;19(1):217. doi: 10.1186/s13054-015-0913-x.
- Background: PubMed 26800510Vestita M, Bonamonte D, Filoni A. Topical propranolol for a chronic recalcitrant wound. Dermatol Ther. 2016 May;29(3):148-9. doi: 10.1111/dth.12328. Epub 2016 Jan 22. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 27701128Yesiloglu N, Yildiz K, Cem Akpinar A, Gorgulu T, Sirinoglu H, Ozcan A. Histogram Planimetry Method for the Measurement of Irregular Wounds. Wounds. 2016 Sep;28(9):328-333.
- Background: PubMed 29037357Thomas B, Kurien JS, Jose T, Ulahannan SE, Varghese SA. Topical timolol promotes healing of chronic leg ulcer. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2017 Nov;5(6):844-850. doi: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2017.04.019. Epub 2017 Aug 7.
- Background: PubMed 24438420Manahan MN, Peters P, Scuderi S, Surjana D, Beardmore GL. Topical timolol for a chronic ulcer--a case with its own control. Med J Aust. 2014 Jan 20;200(1):49-50. doi: 10.5694/mja13.10823. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 24034405Lev-Tov H, Dahle S, Moss J, Isseroff RR. Successful treatment of a chronic venous leg ulcer using a topical beta-blocker. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2013 Oct;69(4):e204-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2013.06.003. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 22093053Tang JC, Dosal J, Kirsner RS. Topical timolol for a refractory wound. Dermatol Surg. 2012 Jan;38(1):135-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2011.02200.x. Epub 2011 Oct 31. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 28494521Zheng Z, Liu Y, Yang Y, Tang J, Cheng B. Topical 1% propranolol cream promotes cutaneous wound healing in spontaneously diabetic mice. Wound Repair Regen. 2017 May;25(3):389-397. doi: 10.1111/wrr.12546. Epub 2017 May 26.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Chrysalyne D Schmults, MD, MSCE principal investigator
Brigham and Women's Hospital
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2/3 study testing 0.25% Timolol gel with paraffin gauze dressings and Vaseline dressing in people with Wound of Skin and Wound Heal, run by Brigham and Women's Hospital at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 14 May 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this combined phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Phase 3 studies compare the treatment with the current standard treatment or a placebo in a large group, to confirm how well it works and watch for side effects.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 14 May 2026). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Number of Participants With Re-epithelialization at 30 Days Post op (time frame: 30 days' post-surgery). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03452072, which also lists 9 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 14 May 2026.