Adult Spinal DeformityNCT03304405
Influence of Sagittal Imbalance of the Spine on Gait Pattern in Adult Spinal Deformity
An observational study of Adult Spinal Deformity, run by The University of Hong Kong at 1 site in Hong Kong.
Trial summary
This study intends to investigate the changes in gait pattern in adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients with sagittal imbalance. It will investigate the gait kinematics in patients who have a mismatch of their spinopelvic parameters, and a positive sagittal balance. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Any age
- Conditions the study is for
- Adult Spinal Deformity
- What is being tested?
- Gait Analysis
- How many people
- 15 participants
- Where
- 1 siteHong Kong
- Study dates
- 1 Jun 2016to 1 Jun 2017
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Any age
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Study population: Patients with diagnosis of ADS will be recruited in this study conducted by the Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology.
Who may be able to join
- All patients diagnosed with ASD, fulfilling the following radiographic criteria based on whole spine lateral film are eligible for recruitment:
- SVA bigger than 47mm
- Pelvic tilt (PT) bigger than 22deg
- Pelvic incidence (PI) - lumbar lordosis (LL) bigger than 11deg
Who cannot join
- If the aetiology of the ASD of the patient is neuromuscular origin
- other pathologies that may affect their gait such as previous trauma or surgeries to the pelvis or the lower limbs and joint replacements
- inability to walk without aids for short distances
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
This study intends to investigate the changes in gait pattern in adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients with sagittal imbalance. It will investigate the gait kinematics in patients who have a mismatch of their spinopelvic parameters, and a positive sagittal balance. The investigators hypothesise that patients with abnormal spinopelvic parameters may demonstrate a pathological gait pattern.
Read the detailed description
With an ageing population, ASD presents as a significant health issue with increasing incidence. Most of the earlier literature concentrated on radiographic measurements of the deformity in the coronal plane, and its surgical correction. However, recent publications have demonstrated that sagittal spinopelvic alignment plays a critical role in pain and disability in patients with ASD, and is a primary determinant of health related quality of life measures. There is substantial evidence that restoration of these parameters after spinal reconstructive surgery is correlated with good clinical outcome.
Maintenance of the ideal sagittal alignment allows an individual to maintain an erect posture with minimal energy expenditure. When there is progressive loss of lumbar lordosis, compensatory mechanisms involving the pelvis, hips and knees occur to extend adjacent segments of the kyphotic spine to allow for compensation of anterior translation of the axis of gravity. However, this compensatory mechanism may potentially result in adverse effect. One of the main disabilities in ASD patients with sagittal imbalance is their decreased walking tolerance. The change in the spinal alignment along with these compensatory mechanisms may result in an inefficient gait worsening their walking tolerance.
Few studies in the literature have investigated the changes in gait pattern in patients with sagittal imbalance. Of those, the patient group was heterogeneous, and the only criterion of sagittal imbalance was a positive sagittal vertical axis (SVA), which the investigators now know is not a complete assessment of the sagittal alignment. The investigators propose to study the change in gait pattern in individuals with abnormal spinopelvic parameters, and how this may affect their quality of lives.
- Conditions
- Adult Spinal Deformity
- Being tested
- Gait Analysis
- Keywords
- ASD
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Gait AnalysisDiagnostic test
All patients will undergo gait analysis using reflective surface markers placed at different locations on the head, trunk, upper and lower extremities, and pelvis. All patients will complete an analog pain scale, Oswestry, and SRS-22 questionnaires. These are health-related quality of life questionnaires that provide subjective assessment.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Gait Analysis | All patients will undergo gait analysis using reflective surface markers placed at different locations on the head, trunk, upper and lower extremities, and pelvis. All patients will complete an analog pain scale, Oswestry, and SRS-22 questionnaires. These are health-related quality of life questionnaires that provide subjective assessment. Receives: Diagnostic Test: Gait Analysis |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Evaluate the effect of sagittal imbalance on the gait cycle using reflective surface markers
To evaluate the effect of sagittal imbalance on the gait cycle using reflective surface markers
Measured: 1 year
Secondary outcomes (3)
Investigate the difference in gait kinematics between normal and abnormal sagittal balance using reflective surface markers
To investigate the difference in gait kinematics between normal and abnormal sagittal balance using reflective surface markers
Measured: 1 year
Investigate the efficiency in gait differences between normal and abnormal sagittal balance using reflective surface markers
To investigate the efficiency in gait differences between normal and abnormal sagittal balance using reflective surface markers
Measured: 1 year
Investigate different muscle recruitment in gait cycles between normal and abnormal sagittal balance using a submaximal graded exercise test
To investigate different muscle recruitment in gait cycles between normal and abnormal sagittal balance using a submaximal graded exercise test
Measured: 1 year
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted9 Oct 2017
- Study start1 Jun 2016
- Primary completion1 Jun 2017
- Study completion1 Jun 2017
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (11)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Adult Spinal DeformityStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by The University of Hong KongThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 15 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- The University of Hong Kong
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Dr. Kenny Kwan, The University of Hong Kong
- Investigators
- Dr Kenny Kwan, BMBCh(Oxon), Principal investigator, The University of Hong Kong
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03304405
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- UW 16-294
- Status last verified
- May 2020
- First submitted
- 27 Sep 2017
- Last updated
- 6 May 2020
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Cho KJ, Suk SI, Park SR, Kim JH, Kang SB, Kim HS, Oh SJ. Risk factors of sagittal decompensation after long posterior instrumentation and fusion for degenerative lumbar scoliosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2010 Aug 1;35(17):1595-601. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181bdad89.
PubMed 20386505Glassman SD, Berven S, Bridwell K, Horton W, Dimar JR. Correlation of radiographic parameters and clinical symptoms in adult scoliosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005 Mar 15;30(6):682-8. doi: 10.1097/01.brs.0000155425.04536.f7.
PubMed 15770185Glassman SD, Bridwell K, Dimar JR, Horton W, Berven S, Schwab F. The impact of positive sagittal balance in adult spinal deformity. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005 Sep 15;30(18):2024-9. doi: 10.1097/01.brs.0000179086.30449.96.
PubMed 16166889Smith JS, Bess S, Shaffrey CI, Burton DC, Hart RA, Hostin R, Klineberg E; International Spine Study Group. Dynamic changes of the pelvis and spine are key to predicting postoperative sagittal alignment after pedicle subtraction osteotomy: a critical analysis of preoperative planning techniques. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2012 May 1;37(10):845-53. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e31823b0892.
PubMed 22024904Le Huec JC, Faundez A, Dominguez D, Hoffmeyer P, Aunoble S. Evidence showing the relationship between sagittal balance and clinical outcomes in surgical treatment of degenerative spinal diseases: a literature review. Int Orthop. 2015 Jan;39(1):87-95. doi: 10.1007/s00264-014-2516-6. Epub 2014 Sep 6.
PubMed 25192690Barrey C, Roussouly P, Le Huec JC, D'Acunzi G, Perrin G. Compensatory mechanisms contributing to keep the sagittal balance of the spine. Eur Spine J. 2013 Nov;22 Suppl 6(Suppl 6):S834-41. doi: 10.1007/s00586-013-3030-z. Epub 2013 Sep 20.
PubMed 24052406Engsberg JR, Bridwell KH, Reitenbach AK, Uhrich ML, Baldus C, Blanke K, Lenke LG. Preoperative gait comparisons between adults undergoing long spinal deformity fusion surgery (thoracic to L4, L5, or sacrum) and controls. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2001 Sep 15;26(18):2020-8. doi: 10.1097/00007632-200109150-00016.
PubMed 11547203Sarwahi V, Boachie-Adjei O, Backus SI, Taira G. Characterization of gait function in patients with postsurgical sagittal (flatback) deformity: a prospective study of 21 patients. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2002 Nov 1;27(21):2328-37. doi: 10.1097/00007632-200211010-00005.
PubMed 12438980Gottipati P, Fatone S, Koski T, Sugrue PA, Ganju A. Crouch gait in persons with positive sagittal spine alignment resolves with surgery. Gait Posture. 2014;39(1):372-7. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2013.08.012. Epub 2013 Aug 18.
PubMed 24011797Romei M, Galli M, Motta F, Schwartz M, Crivellini M. Use of the normalcy index for the evaluation of gait pathology. Gait Posture. 2004 Feb;19(1):85-90. doi: 10.1016/s0966-6362(03)00017-1.
PubMed 14741307Syczewska M, Dembowska-Baginska B, Perek-Polnik M, Kalinowska M, Perek D. Gait pathology assessed with Gillette Gait Index in patients after CNS tumour treatment. Gait Posture. 2010 Jul;32(3):358-62. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2010.06.006. Epub 2010 Jul 13.
PubMed 20630761
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 May 2020. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Influence of Sagittal Imbalance of the Spine on Gait Pattern in Adult Spinal Deformity
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03304405
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- UW 16-294
- Conditions
- Adult Spinal Deformity
- Keywords
- ASD
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 15 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- The University of Hong KongUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jun 2016 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jun 2017 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Jun 2017 (actual)
- First posted
- 9 Oct 2017 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study intends to investigate the changes in gait pattern in adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients with sagittal imbalance. It will investigate the gait kinematics in patients who have a mismatch of their spinopelvic parameters, and a positive sagittal balance. The investigators hypothesise that patients with abnormal spinopelvic parameters may demonstrate a pathological gait pattern.
Detailed description
With an ageing population, ASD presents as a significant health issue with increasing incidence. Most of the earlier literature concentrated on radiographic measurements of the deformity in the coronal plane, and its surgical correction. However, recent publications have demonstrated that sagittal spinopelvic alignment plays a critical role in pain and disability in patients with ASD, and is a primary determinant of health related quality of life measures. There is substantial evidence that restoration of these parameters after spinal reconstructive surgery is correlated with good clinical outcome.
Maintenance of the ideal sagittal alignment allows an individual to maintain an erect posture with minimal energy expenditure. When there is progressive loss of lumbar lordosis, compensatory mechanisms involving the pelvis, hips and knees occur to extend adjacent segments of the kyphotic spine to allow for compensation of anterior translation of the axis of gravity. However, this compensatory mechanism may potentially result in adverse effect. One of the main disabilities in ASD patients with sagittal imbalance is their decreased walking tolerance. The change in the spinal alignment along with these compensatory mechanisms may result in an inefficient gait worsening their walking tolerance.
Few studies in the literature have investigated the changes in gait pattern in patients with sagittal imbalance. Of those, the patient group was heterogeneous, and the only criterion of sagittal imbalance was a positive sagittal vertical axis (SVA), which the investigators now know is not a complete assessment of the sagittal alignment. The investigators propose to study the change in gait pattern in individuals with abnormal spinopelvic parameters, and how this may affect their quality of lives.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Gait Analysis | – | Diagnostic Test: Gait AnalysisAll patients will undergo gait analysis using reflective surface markers placed at different locations on the head, trunk, upper and lower extremities, and pelvis. All patients will complete an analog pain scale, Oswestry, and SRS-22 questionnaires. These are health-related quality of life questionnaires that provide subjective assessment. |
Who may qualify
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Patients with diagnosis of ADS will be recruited in this study conducted by the Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology.
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- All patients diagnosed with ASD, fulfilling the following radiographic criteria based on whole spine lateral film are eligible for recruitment:
- SVA bigger than 47mm
- Pelvic tilt (PT) bigger than 22deg
- Pelvic incidence (PI) - lumbar lordosis (LL) bigger than 11deg
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- If the aetiology of the ASD of the patient is neuromuscular origin
- other pathologies that may affect their gait such as previous trauma or surgeries to the pelvis or the lower limbs and joint replacements
- inability to walk without aids for short distances
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Gait AnalysisAll patients will undergo gait analysis using reflective surface markers placed at different locations on the head, trunk, upper and lower extremities, and pelvis. All patients will complete an analog pain scale, Oswestry, and SRS-22 questionnaires. These are health-related quality of life questionnaires that provide subjective assessment. | Diagnostic test | Gait Analysis |
Primary outcome
Evaluate the effect of sagittal imbalance on the gait cycle using reflective surface markers
Time frame: 1 year
To evaluate the effect of sagittal imbalance on the gait cycle using reflective surface markers
3 secondary outcomes
Investigate the difference in gait kinematics between normal and abnormal sagittal balance using reflective surface markers
Time frame: 1 year
Investigate the efficiency in gait differences between normal and abnormal sagittal balance using reflective surface markers
Time frame: 1 year
Investigate different muscle recruitment in gait cycles between normal and abnormal sagittal balance using a submaximal graded exercise test
Time frame: 1 year
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 May 2020.
- Background: PubMed 20386505Cho KJ, Suk SI, Park SR, Kim JH, Kang SB, Kim HS, Oh SJ. Risk factors of sagittal decompensation after long posterior instrumentation and fusion for degenerative lumbar scoliosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2010 Aug 1;35(17):1595-601. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181bdad89.
- Background: PubMed 15770185Glassman SD, Berven S, Bridwell K, Horton W, Dimar JR. Correlation of radiographic parameters and clinical symptoms in adult scoliosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005 Mar 15;30(6):682-8. doi: 10.1097/01.brs.0000155425.04536.f7.
- Background: PubMed 16166889Glassman SD, Bridwell K, Dimar JR, Horton W, Berven S, Schwab F. The impact of positive sagittal balance in adult spinal deformity. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005 Sep 15;30(18):2024-9. doi: 10.1097/01.brs.0000179086.30449.96.
- Background: PubMed 22024904Smith JS, Bess S, Shaffrey CI, Burton DC, Hart RA, Hostin R, Klineberg E; International Spine Study Group. Dynamic changes of the pelvis and spine are key to predicting postoperative sagittal alignment after pedicle subtraction osteotomy: a critical analysis of preoperative planning techniques. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2012 May 1;37(10):845-53. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e31823b0892.
- Background: PubMed 25192690Le Huec JC, Faundez A, Dominguez D, Hoffmeyer P, Aunoble S. Evidence showing the relationship between sagittal balance and clinical outcomes in surgical treatment of degenerative spinal diseases: a literature review. Int Orthop. 2015 Jan;39(1):87-95. doi: 10.1007/s00264-014-2516-6. Epub 2014 Sep 6.
- Background: PubMed 24052406Barrey C, Roussouly P, Le Huec JC, D'Acunzi G, Perrin G. Compensatory mechanisms contributing to keep the sagittal balance of the spine. Eur Spine J. 2013 Nov;22 Suppl 6(Suppl 6):S834-41. doi: 10.1007/s00586-013-3030-z. Epub 2013 Sep 20.
- Background: PubMed 11547203Engsberg JR, Bridwell KH, Reitenbach AK, Uhrich ML, Baldus C, Blanke K, Lenke LG. Preoperative gait comparisons between adults undergoing long spinal deformity fusion surgery (thoracic to L4, L5, or sacrum) and controls. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2001 Sep 15;26(18):2020-8. doi: 10.1097/00007632-200109150-00016.
- Background: PubMed 12438980Sarwahi V, Boachie-Adjei O, Backus SI, Taira G. Characterization of gait function in patients with postsurgical sagittal (flatback) deformity: a prospective study of 21 patients. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2002 Nov 1;27(21):2328-37. doi: 10.1097/00007632-200211010-00005.
- Background: PubMed 24011797Gottipati P, Fatone S, Koski T, Sugrue PA, Ganju A. Crouch gait in persons with positive sagittal spine alignment resolves with surgery. Gait Posture. 2014;39(1):372-7. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2013.08.012. Epub 2013 Aug 18.
- Background: PubMed 14741307Romei M, Galli M, Motta F, Schwartz M, Crivellini M. Use of the normalcy index for the evaluation of gait pathology. Gait Posture. 2004 Feb;19(1):85-90. doi: 10.1016/s0966-6362(03)00017-1.
- Background: PubMed 20630761Syczewska M, Dembowska-Baginska B, Perek-Polnik M, Kalinowska M, Perek D. Gait pathology assessed with Gillette Gait Index in patients after CNS tumour treatment. Gait Posture. 2010 Jul;32(3):358-62. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2010.06.006. Epub 2010 Jul 13.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Dr Kenny Kwan, BMBCh(Oxon) principal investigator
The University of Hong Kong
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Adult Spinal Deformity, run by The University of Hong Kong at 1 site in Hong Kong.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 May 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Hong Kong. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Evaluate the effect of sagittal imbalance on the gait cycle using reflective surface markers (time frame: 1 year). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03304405, which also lists 11 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 May 2020; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 8 Nov 2026.