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Post-operative EdemaPhase 4NCT03190642

Prospective Evaluation of Perioperative Steroid Dosing on Postsurgical Edema in Orthognathic Surgery

A Phase 4 study testing Methylprednisolone in people with Post-operative Edema and Steroid Use, run by Jean Charles Doucet at 1 site in Canada.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

The current standard of care at the Oral and Maxillofacial Department at the CDHA is the use of one gram of methylprednisolone administered intravenously prior to orthognathic surgery. This is largely based on the work of Habal. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 14 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
Post-operative Edema, Steroid Use
What is being tested?
Methylprednisolone
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
180 participants
Where
1 siteCanada
Study dates
1 Jan 2018to 31 Dec 2019
Phase
Phase 4
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 14 years and older
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Child, Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • All patients age 14 and over undergoing orthognathic surgery at the Atlantic Centre of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in Halifax, Nova Scotia will be included in our study. The clinic is located in the Victoria General Hospital in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Orthognathic surgery includes any combination of Lefort 1, Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy (BSSO) and functional genioplasty procedures.

Who cannot join

  • Patients with pertinent medical history that precludes the use of high-dose steroids will be excluded from our study. This includes:
  • Known hypersensitivity to steroids
  • Type 1 diabetic patients who may have a severe elevation of blood sugars with steroid use.
  • Systemic fungal infections
  • Arrested tuberculosis
  • Herpes simplex keratitis
Show all 10Show fewer
  • Acute psychoses
  • Cushing's syndrome
  • Peptic ulcer disease
  • Pregnant patients and patients with current infections will be excluded Breast feeding mother

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

Canada1 site
  • QE II Health Sciences Center

    Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 2Y9

Other trials in Canada

About this study

The current standard of care at the Oral and Maxillofacial Department at the CDHA is the use of one gram of methylprednisolone administered intravenously prior to orthognathic surgery. This is largely based on the work of Habal. The administration of one gram of methylprednisolone can be concerning for the anesthesiologist since this is an unusually large dose of steroid in comparison to use in other surgical specialties. As with most medications, the chances of steroid-related complications increase with increasing doses of steroids.

The researchers are proposing a prospective, double-blind randomized control trial to determine if a smaller dose of methylprednisolone (125mg) can be used safely and effectively instead of one gram of methylprednisolone.

Read the detailed description

Orthognathic surgery is a commonly performed surgery to correct facial functional and esthetic deformities. At the Atlantic Centre of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in Halifax, Nova Scotia, over 300 of these surgeries are carried out yearly. Orthognathic surgery is comprised of procedures performed in both the maxilla and mandible which include Lefort 1, bilateral sagittal split and functional (BSSO) and functional genioplasty. Common sequelae after orthognathic surgery include post-operative pain and swelling.

Swelling occurs almost universally to some degree after orthognathic surgery. Steroid therapy has long been advocated for the reduction of post-operative swelling in oro-facial surgeries, as there is good evidence to support its use for this purpose. In 1978, Habal showed that one gram of methylprednisolone administered in a controlled dog model reduced post-operative swelling. He later carried this over to his practice of cosmetic facial surgeries. His studies have laid the much of the ground work for the use of steroid therapy in head and neck surgeries today.

Other studied benefits of steroid use in facial surgery include decreased post-operative pain, trismus, nausea and vomiting as well as decreased length of hospital stays. Complications of steroid use include compromised healing or infection, sleep disturbances, hyperglycemia, avascular necrosis of bone, steroid-related acne and adverse psychiatric effects.

The use of perioperative steroids as a means of swelling control is the current standard of care in the practice of orthognathic surgery. Despite this fact, there is little consensus on the ideal steroid regimen (i.e. type and dosing) to use for surgery. As such, the use of steroids in Oral and Maxillofacial surgical practices are based primarily on surgeon's preference and familiarity with a particular steroid regimen. This is likely due to the weak evidence in published literature in favor of a steroid regimen to mitigate post-operative swelling.

Most literature in favor of particular steroid regimens involves crude or arbitrary measurements of swelling. In 1978, Habal showed that one gram of methylprednisolone administered in a controlled dog model reduced post-operative swelling. This observation was made by a trained observer against a control group who received no steroid. Other studies have had trained observers look at post-operative photographs of patients who had undergone orthognathic surgery to stratify which had "more" or "less" swelling. Another study attempted to quantify the degree of post-operative swelling by measuring the distance between the earlobes under the chin. These authors acknowledged that this could be altered by the facial movements produced during orthognathic surgery and that better means of measurement of facial swelling should be employed in future research.

The current standard of care at the Oral and Maxillofacial Department at the CDHA is the use of one gram of methylprednisolone administered intravenously prior to orthognathic surgery. This is largely based on the work of Habal. The administration of one gram of methylprednisolone can be concerning for the anesthesiologist since this is an unusually large dose of steroid in comparison to use in other surgical specialties. As with most medications, the chances of steroid-related complications increase with increasing doses of steroids.

The researchers are proposing a prospective, double-blind randomized control trial to determine if a smaller dose of methylprednisolone (125mg) can be used safely and effectively instead of one gram of methylprednisolone, which is the current standard of care in our department. One hundred and twenty-five milligrams of methylprednisolone is a readily available dose of steroids and has been shown in several studies to be effective in the reduction of swelling after oral surgeries and other swelling-related conditions. In their systematic literature review of corticosteroid administration in oral and orthognathic surgery, Dan et al. concluded that a preoperative dose of methylprednisolone >85mg results in a significant decrease in post-operative oedema. The researchers hypothesize that there will be little difference between groups with regards to primary study outcome measure of post-operative swelling.

Being tested
Methylprednisolone
Keywords
Orthognathic Surgery, Swelling

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • MethylprednisoloneDrug

    Also called Solumedrol

    Administration of 1000mg vs 125mg methylprednisolone preoperatively in orthognathic surgery.

Study groups in NCT03190642
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
1000mg methylprednisolone groupActive comparatorEvaluating effects of 1000mg of methylpresdnisolone administered immediately preoperatively and its effects on swelling.
Receives: Drug: Methylprednisolone
125mg methylprednisolone groupActive comparatorEvaluating effects of 125mg of methylpresdnisolone administered immediately preoperatively and its effects on swelling.
Receives: Drug: Methylprednisolone

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Post-operative edema

    Measurement of post-operative edema using 3D facial scanner

    Measured: Post-operative period- post-op day 1 until braces off or until 100 weeks post-operatively, whichever comes first

Secondary outcomes (6)
  1. Patient perceived swelling

    Measurement of post-operative patient perceived swelling via survey

    Measured: Post-operative day 2

  2. Post-operative pain

    Measurement of post-operative pain via survey

    Measured: Post-operative day 2

  3. Post-operative sleep

    Measurement of post-operative sleep via survey

    Measured: Post-operative day 2

  4. Post-operative nausea

    Measurement of post-operative nausea via survey

    Measured: Post-operative day 2

  5. Length of hospital stay

    Measurement of length of post-operative hospital stay

    Measured: Until discharge from hospital or post-operative day 100, which ever comes first

  6. Rate of post-operative infection

    Measurement of post-operative infections

    Measured: Post-operative period- post-op day 1 until braces off or until 100 weeks post-operatively, which ever comes first

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted19 Jun 2017
  2. Study start1 Jan 2018
  3. Primary completion1 Jul 2019
  4. Study completion31 Dec 2019

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 4
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
Double blind
Who is masked
Participant, Investigator
Enrolment
180 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT03190642
Sponsor's protocol ID
OMFSTEROIDS
Status last verified
Aug 2021
First submitted
11 Jun 2017
Last updated
3 Aug 2021
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No: NO IPD will be shared with researchers outside of the study

Publications

  • Guernsey LH, DeChamplain RW. Sequelae and complications of the intraoral sagittal osteotomy in the mandibular rami. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1971 Aug;32(2):176-92. doi: 10.1016/0030-4220(71)90221-0. No abstract available.

    PubMed 5284103
  • Dan AE, Thygesen TH, Pinholt EM. Corticosteroid administration in oral and orthognathic surgery: a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2010 Sep;68(9):2207-20. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2010.04.019. Epub 2010 Jun 29.

    PubMed 20591548
  • Habal MB, Powell RD. Experimental facial edema: treatment with methylprednisolone. J Surg Res. 1978 May;24(5):353-8. doi: 10.1016/0022-4804(78)90026-4. No abstract available.

    PubMed 651330
  • Habal MB. Prevention of postoperative facial edema with steroids after facial surgery. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 1985;9(2):69-71. doi: 10.1007/BF01570331.

    PubMed 4025052
  • Chegini S, Dhariwal DK. Review of evidence for the use of steroids in orthognathic surgery. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2012 Mar;50(2):97-101. doi: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2010.11.019. Epub 2011 Feb 12.

    PubMed 21316821
  • Huaman ET, Juvet LM, Nastri A, Denman WT, Kaban LB, Dodson TB. Changing patterns of hospital length of stay after orthognathic surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008 Mar;66(3):492-7. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2007.08.025.

    PubMed 18280382
  • Poetker DM, Reh DD. A comprehensive review of the adverse effects of systemic corticosteroids. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2010 Aug;43(4):753-68. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2010.04.003.

    PubMed 20599080
  • Precious DS, Hoffman CD, Miller R. Steroid acne after orthognathic surgery. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1992 Sep;74(3):279-81. doi: 10.1016/0030-4220(92)90058-x.

    PubMed 1407985
  • Galen DM, Beck M, Buchbinder D. Steroid psychosis after orthognathic surgery: a case report. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1997 Mar;55(3):294-7. doi: 10.1016/s0278-2391(97)90546-2. No abstract available.

    PubMed 9054921
  • Weber CR, Griffin JM. Evaluation of dexamethasone for reducing postoperative edema and inflammatory response after orthognathic surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1994 Jan;52(1):35-9. doi: 10.1016/0278-2391(94)90010-8.

    PubMed 8263640
  • Widar F, Kashani H, Alsen B, Dahlin C, Rasmusson L. The effects of steroids in preventing facial oedema, pain, and neurosensory disturbances after bilateral sagittal split osteotomy: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015 Feb;44(2):252-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2014.08.002. Epub 2014 Oct 7.

    PubMed 25304755
  • van der Meer WJ, Dijkstra PU, Visser A, Vissink A, Ren Y. Reliability and validity of measurements of facial swelling with a stereophotogrammetry optical three-dimensional scanner. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2014 Dec;52(10):922-7. doi: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2014.08.019. Epub 2014 Sep 15.

    PubMed 25219776
  • Lubbers HT, Medinger L, Kruse A, Gratz KW, Matthews F. Precision and accuracy of the 3dMD photogrammetric system in craniomaxillofacial application. J Craniofac Surg. 2010 May;21(3):763-7. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181d841f7.

    PubMed 20485043
  • Esen E, Tasar F, Akhan O. Determination of the anti-inflammatory effects of methylprednisolone on the sequelae of third molar surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1999 Oct;57(10):1201-6; discussion 1206-8. doi: 10.1016/s0278-2391(99)90486-x.

    PubMed 10513866
  • Ichinose M, Sugiura H, Nagase H, Yamaguchi M, Inoue H, Sagara H, Tamaoki J, Tohda Y, Munakata M, Yamauchi K, Ohta K; Japanese Society of Allergology. Japanese guidelines for adult asthma 2017. Allergol Int. 2017 Apr;66(2):163-189. doi: 10.1016/j.alit.2016.12.005. Epub 2017 Feb 11.

    PubMed 28196638

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 4 study testing Methylprednisolone in people with Post-operative Edema and Steroid Use, run by Jean Charles Doucet at 1 site in Canada.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 10 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 3 Aug 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Canada. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this phase mean?

Phase 4 studies take place after a treatment is approved, to learn more about its long-term benefits and risks in everyday use.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Post-operative edema (time frame: Post-operative period- post-op day 1 until braces off or until 100 weeks post-operatively, whichever comes first). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03190642, which also lists 15 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 3 Aug 2021; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 7 Nov 2026.

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