HIV PreventionPhase 1NCT03060785
Finding the Right Tenofovir/Emtricitabine Regimen for Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) in Transgender Women
A Phase 1 study testing Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine in people with HIV Prevention, run by Johns Hopkins University at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
This is an open-label, steady-state study of Tenofovir (TFV) and Emtricitabine (FTC) pharmacokinetics (PK) in transgender women taking feminizing hormones. Half of the participants will be transgender women on feminizing hormones, the other half will be male volunteers not taking any hormone therapy. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- HIV Prevention
- What is being tested?
- Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 16 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 8 Mar 2016to 31 May 2018
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- TGW and cis men (male at birth and not a TGW)
- 18 to 65 years of age, inclusive on the date of screening
- Provides informed consent for the study
- Non-reactive HIV test results within four weeks of enrollment
- An estimated calculated creatinine clearance (eCcr) of at least 70 mL/min
- Agrees to use condoms for all sexual events during study participation.
- Taking daily oral Truvada® (Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) 300 mg/Emtricitabine (FTC) 200 mg) for at least one week at the time of study PK sampling visit
- TGW have to be on an estradiol and have a serum total estradiol level > 100 picograms(pg)/ml
Who cannot join
- Significant colorectal symptom(s) as determined by medical history or by participant self-report
- Participant-reported symptoms and/or clinical or laboratory diagnosis of active rectal infection requiring treatment per current Centers for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines
- A positive test for Herpes Simplex Virus -2 (HSV-2) (individuals with active lesions only)
- Co-enrollment in any other HIV interventional research study (excluding behavioral only interventions) or prior enrollment in the active arm of a HIV vaccine trial.
- Positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test
- Interleukin therapy; medications with significant nephrotoxic potential, including but not limited to amphotericin B, aminoglycosides, cidofovir, foscarnet and systemic chemotherapy; medications that may inhibit or compete for elimination via active renal tubular secretion (including but not limited to probenecid); systemic immunomodulatory medications
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- Participants with a history of having a gastrectomy, colostomy, ileostomy, or any other procedure altering the gastrointestinal tract or drug absorption
- Medications that prolong clotting time
- Any other condition or prior therapy that, in the opinion of the investigator, would preclude informed consent, make study participation unsafe, make the individual unsuitable for the study or unable to comply with the study requirements.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
Johns Hopkins University Drug Development Unit
Baltimore, Maryland, 21287
About this study
This is an open-label, steady-state study of Tenofovir (TFV) and Emtricitabine (FTC) pharmacokinetics (PK) in transgender women taking feminizing hormones. Half of the participants will be transgender women on feminizing hormones, the other half will be male volunteers not taking any hormone therapy.
Read the detailed description
The investigators propose an open-label, steady-state study of TFV and FTC PK in blood and colon tissue in healthy TGW on feminizing hormones to be compared to healthy cis men, all at risk for HIV infection. Research participants will already have received eight days of TDF/FTC dosing. Evaluating TDF and FTC PK at steady-state is important as it reduces inter-individual variability since the rate of phosphorylation of TFV and FTC is highly variable, resulting in highly variable TFV-DP and Emtricitabine-Triphosphate (FTC-TP) PK among individuals in the first day and during rise to steady-state.
- Conditions
- HIV Prevention
- Being tested
- Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/EmtricitabineDrug
Also called Truvada
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| TFV/FTC dosing in Transgender women | Experimental | Single daily dose of oral Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine (Truvada)for 7days in transgender women taking feminizing hormones Receives: Drug: Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine |
| TFV/FTC dosing in Cis men | Active comparator | Single daily dose of oral Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine (Truvada) for 7days in cis men Receives: Drug: Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Colon tissue tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP)
Endoscopy will be performed to obtain colorectal tissue biopsies. 15 biopsies will be collected and processed to isolate mucosal mononuclear cells (MMC). TFV-DP will be measured and reported as femtomoles per million cells (fmole/10E6 cells).
Measured: One week
Secondary outcomes (1)
Ex vivo colon explant HIV challenge
Colorectal tissue biopsies will be collected and exposed ex vivo to HIV and kept in culture for 15 days. Every three days a sample of fluid bathing the tissue sample will be tested for HIV p24 antigen. Results will be reported as picograms of p24 per milliliter (pg/mL).
Measured: One week
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted23 Feb 2017
- Study start8 Mar 2016
- Primary completion31 May 2018
- Study completion31 May 2018
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for HIV PreventionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Johns Hopkins UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 16 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Johns Hopkins University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Craig Hendrix, MD, Principal investigator, Johns Hopkins University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03060785
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- IRB00092121
- Status last verified
- Jul 2018
- First submitted
- 17 Feb 2017
- Last updated
- 18 Jul 2018
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Shieh E, Marzinke MA, Fuchs EJ, Hamlin A, Bakshi R, Aung W, Breakey J, Poteat T, Brown T, Bumpus NN, Hendrix CW. Transgender women on oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis have significantly lower tenofovir and emtricitabine concentrations when also taking oestrogen when compared to cisgender men. J Int AIDS Soc. 2019 Nov;22(11):e25405. doi: 10.1002/jia2.25405.
PubMed 31692269
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 18 Jul 2018. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Finding the Right Tenofovir/Emtricitabine Regimen for Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) in Transgender Women
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03060785
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- IRB00092121
- Conditions
- HIV Prevention
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 16 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Johns Hopkins UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 8 Mar 2016 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 May 2018 (actual)
- Study completion
- 31 May 2018 (actual)
- First posted
- 23 Feb 2017 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This is an open-label, steady-state study of Tenofovir (TFV) and Emtricitabine (FTC) pharmacokinetics (PK) in transgender women taking feminizing hormones. Half of the participants will be transgender women on feminizing hormones, the other half will be male volunteers not taking any hormone therapy.
Detailed description
The investigators propose an open-label, steady-state study of TFV and FTC PK in blood and colon tissue in healthy TGW on feminizing hormones to be compared to healthy cis men, all at risk for HIV infection. Research participants will already have received eight days of TDF/FTC dosing. Evaluating TDF and FTC PK at steady-state is important as it reduces inter-individual variability since the rate of phosphorylation of TFV and FTC is highly variable, resulting in highly variable TFV-DP and Emtricitabine-Triphosphate (FTC-TP) PK among individuals in the first day and during rise to steady-state.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| TFV/FTC dosing in Transgender women | Experimental | Drug: Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/EmtricitabineSingle daily dose of oral Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine (Truvada)for 7days in transgender women taking feminizing hormones |
| TFV/FTC dosing in Cis men | Active comparator | Drug: Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/EmtricitabineSingle daily dose of oral Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine (Truvada) for 7days in cis men |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (8 listed)
- TGW and cis men (male at birth and not a TGW)
- 18 to 65 years of age, inclusive on the date of screening
- Provides informed consent for the study
- Non-reactive HIV test results within four weeks of enrollment
- An estimated calculated creatinine clearance (eCcr) of at least 70 mL/min
Key exclusion criteria (9 listed)
- Significant colorectal symptom(s) as determined by medical history or by participant self-report
- Participant-reported symptoms and/or clinical or laboratory diagnosis of active rectal infection requiring treatment per current Centers for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines
- A positive test for Herpes Simplex Virus -2 (HSV-2) (individuals with active lesions only)
- Co-enrollment in any other HIV interventional research study (excluding behavioral only interventions) or prior enrollment in the active arm of a HIV vaccine trial.
- Positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/EmtricitabineAlso: Truvada | Drug | TFV/FTC dosing in Cis men, TFV/FTC dosing in Transgender women |
Primary outcome
Colon tissue tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP)
Time frame: One week
Endoscopy will be performed to obtain colorectal tissue biopsies. 15 biopsies will be collected and processed to isolate mucosal mononuclear cells (MMC). TFV-DP will be measured and reported as femtomoles per million cells (fmole/10E6 cells).
1 secondary outcome
Ex vivo colon explant HIV challenge
Time frame: One week
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 18 Jul 2018.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 31692269Shieh E, Marzinke MA, Fuchs EJ, Hamlin A, Bakshi R, Aung W, Breakey J, Poteat T, Brown T, Bumpus NN, Hendrix CW. Transgender women on oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis have significantly lower tenofovir and emtricitabine concentrations when also taking oestrogen when compared to cisgender men. J Int AIDS Soc. 2019 Nov;22(11):e25405. doi: 10.1002/jia2.25405.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Craig Hendrix, MD principal investigator
Johns Hopkins University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 1 study testing Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine in people with HIV Prevention, run by Johns Hopkins University at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 8 inclusion and 9 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Jul 2018. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 1 studies test a treatment in a small group of people for the first time or in a new way, mainly to check safety and find the right dose.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Colon tissue tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) (time frame: One week). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03060785, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Jul 2018; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 7 Nov 2026.