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Type 2 DiabetesNCT03050619

Characteristics of Empagliflozin Initiators

An observational study of Type 2 Diabetes, run by Boehringer Ingelheim at 1 site in Germany.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

Empagliflozin, a sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor, was launched in the United Kingdom (UK) in August 2014. It can be expected that patients initiating empagliflozin may differ in their characteristics from patients initiating other glucose lowering drugs (GLDs) that have been on the market longer… Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Any age
Conditions the study is for
Type 2 Diabetes
What is being tested?
Empagliflozin, Other SGLT2 inhibitors and Other non-insulin GLDs
How many people
31,908 participants
Where
1 siteGermany
Study dates
10 Sep 2016to 14 Oct 2016
Phase
Observational
Are there results?
Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages Any age
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Child, Adult, Older adult

Study population: New users of empagliflozin and other non-insulin GLDs in the UK CPRD between 1 Aug 2014 to 1 Sep 2015

Who may be able to join

  • All patients will be required to meet all of the following criteria:
  • At least 12 months of continuous registration prior to the index date in a practice contributing up to standard (UTS) data to the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). Infants younger than 1 year will not be required to have 12 months of continuous UTS registration in the CPRD.
  • A new user of one of the index prescriptions (empagliflozin, other SGLT2 inhibitor, or non-insulin GLDs) or a fixed dose combination (FDC) with metformin.

Who cannot join

  • There is no exclusion criterion in this study.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

Germany1 site
  • Boehringer Ingelheim Investigational Site

    Ingelheim

Other trials in Germany

About this study

Official title: Characteristics of Patients Initiating Empagliflozin or Other Non-insulin Glucose Lowering Drugs in the United Kingdom

Empagliflozin, a sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor, was launched in the United Kingdom (UK) in August 2014. It can be expected that patients initiating empagliflozin may differ in their characteristics from patients initiating other glucose lowering drugs (GLDs) that have been on the market longer (e.g. patients may have poorer glucose control). Therefore, the proposed study aims to characterize patients with T2DM in the UK initiating empagliflozin in terms of baseline characteristics, concomitant medications, and comorbidities compared to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) initiating other SGLT-2 inhibitors or other non-insulin GLDs. Due to the mode of action, some patients taking empagliflozin have experienced weight loss in clinical trials. A theoretical possibility exists that empagliflozin may be used by patients without T2DM. Therefore, this study also aims to assess the potential off-label use of empagliflozin compared to other non-insulin GLDs.

Read the detailed description

Study Design:

cross sectional

Conditions
Type 2 Diabetes
Being tested
Empagliflozin, Other SGLT2 inhibitors, Other non-insulin GLDs
Medical subject headings
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • EmpagliflozinDrug

  • Other SGLT2 inhibitorsDrug

  • Other non-insulin GLDsDrug

    metformin, sulfonylureas, DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 agonists

Study groups in NCT03050619
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
New users of EmpagliflozinNew users of empagliflozin
Receives: Drug: Empagliflozin
New users of Other SGLT2 inhibitorsNew users of other SGLT2 inhibitors
Receives: Drug: Other SGLT2 inhibitors
New users of Other non-insulin GLDsNew users of other non-insulin GLDs
Receives: Drug: Other non-insulin GLDs

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Baseline Characteristics of Adults (as Measured by Demographics) With a Recorded Diagnosis of T2DM Starting Index Prescriptions in the UK

    Baseline characteristics of adults (as measured by demographics) with a recorded diagnosis of T2DM who initiated index prescriptions (empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs (comprising DPP-4i, metformin, SU and GLP-1 agonists)) are presented.

    Measured: Baseline

  2. Baseline Characteristics of Adults (as Measured by Life Style Factors (Smoking and Alcohol Use)) With a Recorded Diagnosis of T2DM Starting Index Prescriptions in the UK

    Baseline characteristics of adults (as measured by life style factors (smoking and alcohol use)) with a recorded diagnosis of T2DM who initiated index prescriptions (empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs (comprising DPP-4i, metformin, SU and GLP-1 agonists)) are presented. NA= NR (Not Reported) (variables for which patient counts were <5)

    Measured: Baseline

  3. Baseline Characteristics of Adults (as Measured by Life Style Factors (BMI)) With a Recorded Diagnosis of T2DM Starting Index Prescriptions in the UK

    Baseline characteristics of adults (as measured by life style factors (BMI)) with a recorded diagnosis of T2DM who initiated index prescriptions (empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs (comprising DPP-4i, metformin, SU and GLP-1 agonists)) is presented. Mean and standard deviation (SD) of body mass index (BMI) measured is presented along with number of subjects with available data.

    Measured: Baseline

  4. Baseline Characteristics of Adults (as Measured by Life Style Factors (Blood Pressure)) With a Recorded Diagnosis of T2DM Starting Index Prescriptions in the UK

    Baseline characteristics of adults (as measured by life style factors (blood pressure)) with a recorded diagnosis of T2DM who initiated index prescriptions (empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs (comprising DPP-4i, metformin, SU and GLP-1 agonists)) is presented. Mean and standard deviation (SD) of Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) measured is presented along with number of subjects with available data.

    Measured: Baseline

  5. Baseline Characteristics of Adults (as Measured by Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c)) With a Recorded Diagnosis of T2DM Starting Index Prescriptions in the UK

    Baseline characteristics of adults (as measured by glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c)) with a recorded diagnosis of T2DM who initiated index prescriptions (empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs (comprising DPP-4i, metformin, SU and GLP-1 agonists)) is presented. Mean and standard deviation (SD) of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) measured is presented along with number of subjects with available data.

    Measured: Baseline

  6. Baseline Characteristics of Adults (as Measured by Laboratory Tests) With a Recorded Diagnosis of T2DM Starting Index Prescriptions in the UK

    Baseline characteristics of adults (as measured by laboratory tests) with a recorded diagnosis of T2DM who initiated index prescriptions (empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs (comprising DPP-4i, metformin, SU and GLP-1 agonists)) are presented. Mean and standard deviation (SD) of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoproteins level (HDL), Low-density lipoprotein level (LDL) and triglyceride level (TG) measured are presented along with number of subjects with available data.

    Measured: Baseline

  7. Baseline Characteristics of Adults (as Measured by Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)) With a Recorded Diagnosis of T2DM Starting Index Prescriptions in the UK

    Baseline characteristics of adults (as measured by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)) with a recorded diagnosis of T2DM who initiated index prescriptions (empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs (comprising DPP-4i, metformin, SU and GLP-1 agonists)) is presented. Mean and standard deviation (SD) of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) measured is presented along with number of subjects with available data.

    Measured: Baseline

  8. Baseline Characteristics of Adults (as Measured by Creatinine Serum (SCR)) With a Recorded Diagnosis of T2DM Starting Index Prescriptions in the UK

    Baseline characteristics of adults (as measured by by creatinine serum (SCR)) with a recorded diagnosis of T2DM who initiated index prescriptions (empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs (comprising DPP-4i, metformin, SU and GLP-1 agonists)) is presented. Mean and standard deviation (SD) of creatinine serum (SCR) measured is presented along with number of subjects with available data.

    Measured: Baseline

  9. Baseline Characteristics of Adults (as Measured by Comorbidities) With a Recorded Diagnosis of T2DM Starting Index Prescriptions in the UK

    Baseline characteristics of adults (as measured by comorbidities) with a recorded diagnosis of T2DM who initiated index prescriptions (empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs (comprising DPP-4i, metformin, SU and GLP-1 agonists)) are presented.

    Measured: Baseline

  10. Baseline Characteristics of Adults (as Measured by Concomitant Medications) With a Recorded Diagnosis of T2DM Starting Index Prescriptions in the UK

    Baseline characteristics of adults (as measured by concomitant medications) with a recorded diagnosis of T2DM who initiated index prescriptions (empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs (comprising DPP-4i, metformin, SU and GLP-1 agonists)) are presented. Subjects taking medication up to 60 days before index date are presented.

    Measured: Baseline

Secondary outcomes (11)
  1. Extent of Off-label Use

    To assess off-label use the number of study participants without a recorded diagnosis of T2DM was calculated for each exposure category (people with other types of diabetes, people without diabetes, people younger than 18 years old, and women during pregnancy and breastfeeding). For the assessment of drug use during the pregnancy and breastfeeding period, the look-back period was 270 days (9 months) before and including the index date. To assess the use in pediatric population, the study participants were stratified by age into adults (≥18 years of age) and pediatrics (<18 years of age).

    Measured: Baseline

  2. Baseline Characteristics (as Measured by Demographics) of Patients Starting Index Prescriptions Off-label

    Baseline characteristics of patients (as measured by demographics) who initiated index prescriptions (empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs (comprising DPP-4i, metformin, SU and GLP-1 agonists)) off-label are presented. Use of empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs in other types of diabetes (other than T2DM) or without diabetes or in people younger than 18 years old or in women during pregnancy or during breastfeeding is considered as off-label. As per CPRD guideline, no cell that contains <5 events should be reported to protect patient confidentiality. Since empagliflozin group reported <5 events for all off-label categories except for unspecified DM therefore baseline characteristics are presented for only unspecified DM category.

    Measured: Baseline

  3. Baseline Characteristics (as Measured by Life Style Factors (Smoking and Alcohol Use)) of Patients Starting Index Prescriptions Off-label

    Baseline characteristics of patients (as measured by life style factors (smoking and alcohol use)) who initiated index prescriptions (empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs (comprising DPP-4i, metformin, SU and GLP-1 agonists)) off-label are presented. Use of empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs in other types of diabetes (other than T2DM) or without diabetes or in people younger than 18 years old or in women during pregnancy or during breastfeeding is considered as off-label. As per CPRD guideline, no cell that contains <5 events should be reported to protect patient confidentiality. Since empagliflozin group reported <5 events for all off-label categories except for unspecified DM therefore baseline characteristics are presented for only unspecified DM category. NA= NR (Not Reported) (variables for which patient counts were <5)

    Measured: Baseline

  4. Baseline Characteristics (as Measured by Life Style Factors (BMI)) of Patients Starting Index Prescriptions Off-label

    Baseline characteristics of patients (as measured by life style factors (BMI)) who initiated index prescriptions (empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs (comprising DPP-4i, metformin, SU and GLP-1 agonists)) off-label is presented. Use of empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs in other types of diabetes (other than T2DM) or without diabetes or in people younger than 18 years old or in women during pregnancy or during breastfeeding is considered as off-label. As per CPRD guideline, no cell that contains <5 events should be reported to protect patient confidentiality. Since empagliflozin group reported <5 events for all off-label categories except for unspecified DM therefore baseline characteristics are presented for only unspecified DM category.

    Measured: Baseline

  5. Baseline Characteristics (as Measured by Life Style Factors (Blood Pressure)) of Patients Starting Index Prescriptions Off-label

    Baseline characteristics of patients (as measured by life style factors (blood pressure)) who initiated index prescriptions (empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs (comprising DPP-4i, metformin, SU and GLP-1 agonists)) off-label is presented. Use of empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs in other types of diabetes (other than T2DM) or without diabetes or in people younger than 18 years old or in women during pregnancy or during breastfeeding is considered as off-label. As per CPRD guideline, no cell that contains <5 events should be reported to protect patient confidentiality. Since empagliflozin group reported <5 events for all off-label categories except for unspecified DM therefore baseline characteristics are presented for only unspecified DM category.

    Measured: Baseline

  6. Baseline Characteristics (as Measured b Yglycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c)) of Patients Starting Index Prescriptions Off-label

    Baseline characteristics of patients (as measured by glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c)) who initiated index prescriptions (empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs (comprising DPP-4i, metformin, SU and GLP-1 agonists)) off-label is presented. Use of empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs in other types of diabetes (other than T2DM) or without diabetes or in people younger than 18 years old or in women during pregnancy or during breastfeeding is considered as off-label. As per CPRD guideline, no cell that contains <5 events should be reported to protect patient confidentiality. Since empagliflozin group reported <5 events for all off-label categories except for unspecified DM therefore baseline characteristics are presented for only unspecified DM category.

    Measured: Baseline

  7. Baseline Characteristics (as Measured by Laboratory Tests) of Patients Starting Index Prescriptions Off-label

    Baseline characteristics of patients (as measured by laboratory tests) who initiated index prescriptions (empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs (comprising DPP-4i, metformin, SU and GLP-1 agonists)) off-label are presented. Use of empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs in other types of diabetes (other than T2DM) or without diabetes or in people younger than 18 years old or in women during pregnancy or during breastfeeding is considered as off-label. As per CPRD guideline, no cell that contains <5 events should be reported to protect patient confidentiality. Since empagliflozin group reported <5 events for all off-label categories except for unspecified DM therefore baseline characteristics are presented for only unspecified DM category.

    Measured: Baseline

  8. Baseline Characteristics (as Measured by Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)) of Patients Starting Index Prescriptions Off-label

    Baseline characteristics of patients (as measured by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)) who initiated index prescriptions (empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs (comprising DPP-4i, metformin, SU and GLP-1 agonists)) off-label is presented. Use of empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs in other types of diabetes (other than T2DM) or without diabetes or in people younger than 18 years old or in women during pregnancy or during breastfeeding is considered as off-label. As per CPRD guideline, no cell that contains <5 events should be reported to protect patient confidentiality. Since empagliflozin group reported <5 events for all off-label categories except for unspecified DM therefore baseline characteristics are presented for only unspecified DM category.

    Measured: Baseline

  9. Baseline Characteristics (as Measured by Creatinine Serum (SCR)) of Patients Starting Index Prescriptions Off-label

    Baseline characteristics of patients (as measured by creatinine serum (SCR)) who initiated index prescriptions (empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs (comprising DPP-4i, metformin, SU and GLP-1 agonists)) off-label is presented. Use of empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs in other types of diabetes (other than T2DM) or without diabetes or in people younger than 18 years old or in women during pregnancy or during breastfeeding is considered as off-label. As per CPRD guideline, no cell that contains <5 events should be reported to protect patient confidentiality. Since empagliflozin group reported <5 events for all off-label categories except for unspecified DM therefore baseline characteristics are presented for only unspecified DM category.

    Measured: Baseline

  10. Baseline Characteristics (as Measured by Comorbidities) of Patients Starting Index Prescriptions Off-label

    Baseline characteristics of patients (as measured by comorbidities) who initiated index prescriptions (empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs (comprising DPP-4i, metformin, SU and GLP-1 agonists)) off-label are presented. Use of empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs in other types of diabetes (other than T2DM) or without diabetes or in people younger than 18 years old or in women during pregnancy or during breastfeeding is considered as off-label. As per CPRD guideline, no cell that contains <5 events should be reported to protect patient confidentiality. Since empagliflozin group reported <5 events for all off-label categories except for unspecified DM therefore baseline characteristics are presented for only unspecified DM category.

    Measured: Baseline

  11. Baseline Characteristics (as Measured by Concomitant Medications) of Patients Starting Index Prescriptions Off-label

    Baseline characteristics of patients (as measured by concomitant medications) who initiated index prescriptions (empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs (comprising DPP-4i, metformin, SU and GLP-1 agonists)) off-label are presented. Use of empagliflozin, other SGLT-2i or other commonly used non-insulin GLDs in other types of diabetes (other than T2DM) or without diabetes or in people younger than 18 years old or in women during pregnancy or during breastfeeding is considered as off-label. As per CPRD guideline, no cell that contains <5 events should be reported to protect patient confidentiality. Since empagliflozin group reported <5 events for all off-label categories except for unspecified DM therefore baseline characteristics are presented for only unspecified DM category. Subjects taking medication up to 60 days before index date are presented.

    Measured: Baseline

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted13 Feb 2017
  2. Study start10 Sep 2016
  3. Primary completion14 Oct 2016
  4. Study completion14 Oct 2016

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Observational
Observational model
Other
Time perspective
Retrospective
Enrolment
31,908 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT03050619
Sponsor's protocol ID
1245.122
Status last verified
Aug 2018
First submitted
25 Aug 2016
Last updated
25 Jan 2019

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

An observational study of Type 2 Diabetes, run by Boehringer Ingelheim at 1 site in Germany.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 25 Jan 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Germany. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 25 Jan 2019). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Baseline Characteristics of Adults (as Measured by Demographics) With a Recorded Diagnosis of T2DM Starting Index Prescriptions in the UK (time frame: Baseline). The study lists 10 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 25 Jan 2019.

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