HealthySRPTNCT03016221

Local Changes of Skin Characteristics After an Application of a Topical Product With a Warming or Cooling Effect

A study testing Axanova hot gel, Axanova activ gel and Perskindol Dolo Gel in people with Healthy, run by University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland at 1 site in Switzerland.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record

Search all trials

Trial summary

Who is it for?: Ages 18 to 40 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for: Healthy
What is being tested?: Axanova hot gel, Axanova activ gel and Perskindol Dolo Gel
Could I receive a placebo?: No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people: 21 participants
Where: 1 siteSwitzerland
Study dates: 1 May 2017to 6 Dec 2019
Phase: Interventional
Are there results?: Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

Ages 18 to 40 years
All sexes
Healthy volunteers accepted
Adult

Who may be able to join

no existing musculoskeletal disorders in the region of interest
no surgery in the region of interest in the last year
healthy skin conditions in the region of interest

Who cannot join

fear of treatment
regular intake of drugs, excluding contraceptives
metal implants in the region between C7 and sacrum, including hip joints
lack of epicritic and protopathic skin sensitivity
renal insufficiency
bronchial asthma

Show all 9Show fewer

pregnancy/lactation
type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus
polyneuropathy

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

Switzerland1 site

SUPSI
Landquart, Kanton Graubünden, CH-7302

Other trials in Switzerland

About this study

Official title: Local Changes of Skin Characteristics During and After an Application of a Topical Product With a Warming or Cooling Effect - a Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial

The use of topical over-the-counter (OTC) products with a warming or cooling effect is widespread in the fields of sport, physiotherapy and in private households. Advertisements for such products promise pain relief when suffering from musculoskeletal disorders such as muscle tension, rheumatism or acute injuries, e.g. sprains. In literature, there are only little information about the efficacy and the physiological mechanisms of topical warming or cooling products. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the local skin characteristics during and after an application of a topical product with a warming or cooling effect.

Read the detailed description

The use of topical products for local pain relief in chronic or acute musculoskeletal disorders is widely used. Despite the widespread use of these products, there is missing information on the physiological mechanisms and efficacy of topical warming and cooling ointments. Most of the existing literature is about the efficacy of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-products on chronic pain in osteoarthritis. Furthermore, one study tested the cooling effect of gels with different menthol concentrations. They found that, regardless of the concentration, the skin temperature was reduced up to one hour post application in the area of application.

The aim of our study is to evaluate the change of skin characteristics after a single application of a warming or cooling topical product on healthy subjects. Outcome parameters include skin perfusion, temperature, skin redness and subjective thermal sensation. We only selected products in form of alcohol based ointments, menthol or wintergreen oil. Sprays and patches were excluded.

The application area is the unilateral lumbar back region, whereas the contralateral side serves as control area. After an acclimatization period, baseline measurements are performed, followed by standardized application of the topical product. The local skin responses are measured in 10 mins time increments up to one hour.

Conditions: Healthy
Being tested: Axanova hot gel, Axanova activ gel, Perskindol Dolo Gel, Perskindol Classic Gel, Perskindol Cool Kühl-Gel
Keywords: local skin responses, hyperemia, thermal sensation, topical warming ointments, topical cooling ointments, skin perfusion, subjective thermal sensation, muscle tissue oxygenation, skin temperature, skin redness, erythema
Medical subject headings: Hyperemia, Erythema

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

Axanova hot gelOther
Axanova hot gel is a topical product with a warming effect. It contains menthol, pine needle oil, wintergreen oil, rosemary oil, eucalyptus oil, incense oil.
Axanova activ gelOther
Axanova activ gel is a topical product with a revulsive effect. It contains menthol, pine needle oil, orange oil, lemon oil, wintergreen oil, glycosaminoglycans.
Perskindol Dolo GelOther
Perskindol Dolo Gel is a topical product with a warming effect. It contains wintergreen oil, pine needle oil, aromatics, excipients.
Perskindol Classic GelOther
Perskindol Classic Gel is a topical product with a revulsive effect. It contains menthol, wintergreen oil, pine needle oil, lemon oil, orange peel oil, lemon bergamot oil, rosemary oil, lavender oil, excipients.
Perskindol Cool Kühl-GelOther
Perskindol Cool Kühl-Gel is a topical product with a cooling effect. It contains levomenthol, color E131, aromatics, excipients.
Dolor-X Hot GelOther
Dolor-X Hot Gel is a topical product with a warming effect. It contains isopropyl alcohol, water, menthol, hyprolose, camphor, trometamol, paprika, wintergreen oil, excipients.
Dolor-X Classic GelOther
Dolor-X Classic Gel is a revulsive product. It contains water, isopropyl alcohol, menthol, spruce, hyprolose, trometamol, wintergreen oil, excipients.
Dolor-X Cool GelOther
Dolor-X Cool Gel is a cooling product. It contains water, isopropyl alcohol, menthol, trometamol, color E131, excipients.

Study groups in NCT03016221
Study group	Role	What they receive
Axanova hot gel	Experimental	Intervention: Axanova hot gel is a topical product with a warming effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin. Receives: Other: Axanova hot gel
Axanova hot gel control	No intervention	No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Axanova hot gel control.
Axanova activ gel	Experimental	Intervention: Axanova activ gel is a topical product with a revulsive effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin. Receives: Other: Axanova activ gel
Axanova activ gel control	No intervention	No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Axanova activ gel control.
Perskindol Dolo Gel	Experimental	Intervention: Perskindol Dolo Gel is a topical product with a warming effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin. Receives: Other: Perskindol Dolo Gel
Perskindol Dolo Gel control	No intervention	No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Perskindol Dolo Gel control.
Perskindol Classic Gel	Experimental	Intervention: Perskindol Classic Gel is a topical product with a revulsive effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin. Receives: Other: Perskindol Classic Gel
Perskindol Classic Gel control	No intervention	No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Perskindol Classic Gel control.
Perskindol Cool Kühl-Gel	Experimental	Intervention: Perskindol Cool Kühl-Gel is a topical product with a cooling effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin. Receives: Other: Perskindol Cool Kühl-Gel
Perskindol Cool Kühl-Gel control	No intervention	No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Perskindol Cool Kühl-Gel control.
Dolor-X Hot Gel	Experimental	Intervention: Dolor-X Hot Gel is a topical product with a warming effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin. Receives: Other: Dolor-X Hot Gel
Dolor-X Hot Gel control	No intervention	No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Dolor-X Hot Gel control.
Dolor-X Classic Gel	Experimental	Intervention: Dolor-X Classic Gel is a topical product with a revulsive effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin. Receives: Other: Dolor-X Classic Gel
Dolor-X Classic Gel control	No intervention	No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Dolor-X Classic Gel control.
Dolor-X Cool Gel	Experimental	Intervention: Dolor-X Cool Gel is a topical product with a cooling effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin. Receives: Other: Dolor-X Cool Gel
Dolor-X Cool Gel control	No intervention	No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Dolor-X Cool Gel control.

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

Local Skin Perfusion
Local skin perfusion was measured with laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI). The LSCI system uses arbitrary units to express the mean flux in the specified regions of interest which is related to the concentration of circulating erythrocytes in the tissue sample volume, scaled from blue (low perfusion) to red (high perfusion).
Measured: during 45min post application
Skin Surface Temperature
skin surface temperature will be measured with thermochrons, infrared thermometer and thermal imaging camera
Measured: At baseline and during 45 minutes post application
Local Muscle Tissue Oxygenation
local muscle tissue oxygenation will be measured with near infrared spectroscopy
Measured: At baseline and during 45 min post application
Subjective Temperature Sensation
Thermal sensation ("How does this feel like?") was assessed in each skin area according to the ISO 10551 standard using the following 9-point Likert scale: 4 = very hot, 3 = hot, 2 = warm, 1 = slightly warm, 0 = neutral,-1 = slightly cool,-2 = cool,-3 = cold,-4 = very cold.
Measured: At baseline and during 45 minutes post application
Subjective Thermal Comfort
Thermal comfort was assessed ("Do you find this. . .?") in each skin area according to the ISO 10551 standard using using a 5-point Likert scale with 0 = comfortable, 1 = slightly uncomfortable, 2 = uncomfortable, 3 = very uncomfortable, 4 = extremely uncomfortable.
Measured: At baseline and during 45 minutes post application

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

1 May 20176 Dec 2019

First posted10 Jan 2017 (estimated)
Study start1 May 2017
Primary completion6 Dec 2019
Study completion6 Dec 2019

Resources

Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
Other trials for HealthyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design

Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase N/A
Primary purpose: Basic science
Allocation: Randomised
Intervention model: Parallel groups
Masking: Triple blind
Who is masked: Participant, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
Enrolment: 21 participants (actual)

IDs, dates and publications

ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03016221
Sponsor's protocol ID: 2016-01541
Other IDs: 2016
Acronym: SRPT
Status last verified: May 2026
First submitted: 4 Jan 2017
Last updated: 16 Jun 2026
Results posted: Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
Data monitoring committee: Yes
FDA-regulated drug: No
FDA-regulated device: No
Individual data sharing: No

Publications

Versteeg N, Wellauer V, Wittenwiler S, Aerenhouts D, Clarys P, Clijsen R. Short-term cutaneous vasodilatory and thermosensory effects of topical methyl salicylate. Front Physiol. 2024 Apr 19;15:1347196. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1347196. eCollection 2024.
PubMed 38706945

Want to know more?

The sponsor has not listed a contact. The official record may have more details.

Talk to your doctor first and take this page with you. Only the study team can confirm whether you can join.

Questions to ask the study team

What is the study trying to find out?
What would I need to do, and how often would I visit?
Could I receive a placebo instead of the treatment?
What are the possible risks and benefits for me?
Will it cost me anything? Are travel or time paid for?
Can I keep seeing my own doctor during the study?
What happens when the study ends?

See locations

Recruiting
THE EFFECTS OF GAME-BASED EXERCISE PROGRAMS
Physical Activity, Body Image
Not yet recruitingPhase 1
A Phase I Study of GLR2053 Tablets in Chinese Healthy Adult Participants
Atopic Dermatitis
Recruiting
Colon-delivered Riboflavin and Gut Microbiota Composition
Microbiome Dysbiosis, Gut Health
Not yet recruiting
Neuroergonomic Analysis of a Brain-Computer Interface Device (BCI)
Healthy Volunteers - Male and Female
RecruitingPhase 1
First-in-Human Trial to Assess REGN20423 in Healthy Adult Participants and Adult Participants With Atopic Dermatitis
Healthy Volunteer, Atopic Dermatitis

All Healthy trials

Study at a glance

From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 16 Jun 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.

Official title: Local Changes of Skin Characteristics During and After an Application of a Topical Product With a Warming or Cooling Effect - a Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial
ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03016221
Acronym / sponsor ID: SRPT / 2016-01541
Conditions: Healthy
Keywords: local skin responses, hyperemia, thermal sensation, topical warming ointments, topical cooling ointments, skin perfusion, subjective thermal sensation, muscle tissue oxygenation
Study type: Interventional
Recruitment status: Completed
Enrolment: 21 participants (actual)
Lead sponsor: University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern SwitzerlandUniversity, hospital or other
Study start: 1 May 2017 (actual)
Primary completion: 6 Dec 2019 (actual)
Study completion: 6 Dec 2019 (actual)
First posted: 10 Jan 2017 (estimated)
Results: Posted 16 Jun 2026

Clinical summary

The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.

Detailed description

Study design

Primary purpose: Basic science
Allocation: Randomised
Intervention model: Parallel groups
Masking: Triple blind (participant, investigator, outcomes assessor)
Number of arms: 16

Arm	Type	Receives
Axanova hot gel	Experimental	Other: Axanova hot gelIntervention: Axanova hot gel is a topical product with a warming effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin.
Axanova hot gel control	No intervention	–No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Axanova hot gel control.
Axanova activ gel	Experimental	Other: Axanova activ gelIntervention: Axanova activ gel is a topical product with a revulsive effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin.
Axanova activ gel control	No intervention	–No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Axanova activ gel control.
Perskindol Dolo Gel	Experimental	Other: Perskindol Dolo GelIntervention: Perskindol Dolo Gel is a topical product with a warming effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin.
Perskindol Dolo Gel control	No intervention	–No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Perskindol Dolo Gel control.
Perskindol Classic Gel	Experimental	Other: Perskindol Classic GelIntervention: Perskindol Classic Gel is a topical product with a revulsive effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin.
Perskindol Classic Gel control	No intervention	–No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Perskindol Classic Gel control.
Perskindol Cool Kühl-Gel	Experimental	Other: Perskindol Cool Kühl-GelIntervention: Perskindol Cool Kühl-Gel is a topical product with a cooling effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin.
Perskindol Cool Kühl-Gel control	No intervention	–No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Perskindol Cool Kühl-Gel control.
Dolor-X Hot Gel	Experimental	Other: Dolor-X Hot GelIntervention: Dolor-X Hot Gel is a topical product with a warming effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin.
Dolor-X Hot Gel control	No intervention	–No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Dolor-X Hot Gel control.
Dolor-X Classic Gel	Experimental	Other: Dolor-X Classic GelIntervention: Dolor-X Classic Gel is a topical product with a revulsive effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin.
Dolor-X Classic Gel control	No intervention	–No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Dolor-X Classic Gel control.
Dolor-X Cool Gel	Experimental	Other: Dolor-X Cool GelIntervention: Dolor-X Cool Gel is a topical product with a cooling effect. In a single application 3g of the product is applied in an area of 10cm x 10cm on the unilateral lumbar back until it has been completely absorbed by the skin.
Dolor-X Cool Gel control	No intervention	–No product application. The contralateral lumbar back side acts as a Dolor-X Cool Gel control.

Who may qualify

Ages: 18 to 40 years
Sex: All
Healthy volunteers: Accepted
Age groups: Adult

Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)

no existing musculoskeletal disorders in the region of interest
no surgery in the region of interest in the last year
healthy skin conditions in the region of interest

Key exclusion criteria (9 listed)

fear of treatment
regular intake of drugs, excluding contraceptives
metal implants in the region between C7 and sacrum, including hip joints
lack of epicritic and protopathic skin sensitivity
renal insufficiency

Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Interventions

Intervention	Type	Arms
Axanova hot gelAxanova hot gel is a topical product with a warming effect. It contains menthol, pine needle oil, wintergreen oil, rosemary oil, eucalyptus oil, incense oil.	Other	Axanova hot gel
Axanova activ gelAxanova activ gel is a topical product with a revulsive effect. It contains menthol, pine needle oil, orange oil, lemon oil, wintergreen oil, glycosaminoglycans.	Other	Axanova activ gel
Perskindol Dolo GelPerskindol Dolo Gel is a topical product with a warming effect. It contains wintergreen oil, pine needle oil, aromatics, excipients.	Other	Perskindol Dolo Gel
Perskindol Classic GelPerskindol Classic Gel is a topical product with a revulsive effect. It contains menthol, wintergreen oil, pine needle oil, lemon oil, orange peel oil, lemon bergamot oil, rosemary oil, lavender oil, excipients.	Other	Perskindol Classic Gel
Perskindol Cool Kühl-GelPerskindol Cool Kühl-Gel is a topical product with a cooling effect. It contains levomenthol, color E131, aromatics, excipients.	Other	Perskindol Cool Kühl-Gel
Dolor-X Hot GelDolor-X Hot Gel is a topical product with a warming effect. It contains isopropyl alcohol, water, menthol, hyprolose, camphor, trometamol, paprika, wintergreen oil, excipients.	Other	Dolor-X Hot Gel
Dolor-X Classic GelDolor-X Classic Gel is a revulsive product. It contains water, isopropyl alcohol, menthol, spruce, hyprolose, trometamol, wintergreen oil, excipients.	Other	Dolor-X Classic Gel
Dolor-X Cool GelDolor-X Cool Gel is a cooling product. It contains water, isopropyl alcohol, menthol, trometamol, color E131, excipients.	Other	Dolor-X Cool Gel

Primary outcome

Local Skin Perfusion
Time frame: during 45min post application
Local skin perfusion was measured with laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI). The LSCI system uses arbitrary units to express the mean flux in the specified regions of interest which is related to the concentration of circulating erythrocytes in the tissue sample volume, scaled from blue (low perfusion) to red (high perfusion).
Skin Surface Temperature
Time frame: At baseline and during 45 minutes post application
skin surface temperature will be measured with thermochrons, infrared thermometer and thermal imaging camera
Local Muscle Tissue Oxygenation
Time frame: At baseline and during 45 min post application
local muscle tissue oxygenation will be measured with near infrared spectroscopy
Subjective Temperature Sensation
Time frame: At baseline and during 45 minutes post application
Thermal sensation ("How does this feel like?") was assessed in each skin area according to the ISO 10551 standard using the following 9-point Likert scale: 4 = very hot, 3 = hot, 2 = warm, 1 = slightly warm, 0 = neutral,-1 = slightly cool,-2 = cool,-3 = cold,-4 = very cold.
Subjective Thermal Comfort
Time frame: At baseline and during 45 minutes post application
Thermal comfort was assessed ("Do you find this. . .?") in each skin area according to the ISO 10551 standard using using a 5-point Likert scale with 0 = comfortable, 1 = slightly uncomfortable, 2 = uncomfortable, 3 = very uncomfortable, 4 = extremely uncomfortable.

Results and safety

Results posted to the registry on 16 Jun 2026, as reported by the sponsor. Figures are copied from the record, not re-analysed. Full results on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Participant flow

Group	Started	Completed
Healthy Women Receiving Topical Application of Methyl Salicylate and Placebo Gels	21	21

Primary outcome: Local Skin Perfusion

Time frame: during 45min post application. Mean (Standard Deviation). Unit: % of baseline MCskin

Measure	Healthy Women Receiving Topical Application of Methyl Salicylate and Placebo Gels n = 21
Methyl salicylate: T0	107.73 (24.26)
Methyl salicylate: T5	188.7 (47.82)
Methyl salicylate: T10	187.6 (41.83)
Methyl salicylate: T15	158.05 (31.72)
Methyl salicylate: T20	138.26 (28.29)
Methyl salicylate: T25	123.37 (27.19)
Methyl salicylate: T30	112.91 (22.26)
Methyl salicylate: T35	104.23 (18.14)

Population analysed: 21 participants received methyl salicylate gel on a 5 cm × 10 cm skin area on one side of the thoracic spine and placebo gel on the other side; the side was randomized.

Primary outcome: Skin Surface Temperature

Time frame: At baseline and during 45 minutes post application. Mean (Standard Deviation). Unit: degrees Celsius

Measure	Healthy Women Receiving Topical Application of Methyl Salicylate and Placebo Gels n = 21
Methyl salicylate: BL	33.7 (0.93)
Methyl salicylate: T0	30.44 (0.71)
Methyl salicylate: T5	30.34 (0.98)
Methyl salicylate: T10	30.84 (1.32)
Methyl salicylate: T15	31.53 (1.05)
Methyl salicylate: T20	31.91 (0.91)
Methyl salicylate: T25	32.17 (0.83)
Methyl salicylate: T30	32.35 (0.71)

Population analysed: 21 participants received methyl salicylate gel on a 5 cm × 10 cm skin area on one side of the thoracic spine and placebo gel on the other side; the side was randomized.

Primary outcome: Local Muscle Tissue Oxygenation

Time frame: At baseline and during 45 min post application. Mean (Standard Deviation). Unit: % SmO2

Measure	Healthy Women Receiving Topical Application of Methyl Salicylate and Placebo Gels n = 21
Methyl salicylate: BL	73.3 (2.6)
Methyl salicylate: T0	74.0 (3.3)
Methyl salicylate: T5	75.1 (2.3)
Methyl salicylate: T10	74.9 (2.1)
Methyl salicylate: T15	73.6 (3.2)
Methyl salicylate: T20	73.6 (3.6)
Methyl salicylate: T25	73.5 (2.9)
Methyl salicylate: T30	73.2 (2.3)

Population analysed: 21 participants received methyl salicylate gel on a 5 cm × 10 cm skin area on one side of the thoracic spine and placebo gel on the other side; the side was randomized.

Primary outcome: Subjective Temperature Sensation

Time frame: At baseline and during 45 minutes post application. Count of participants. Unit: Participants

Measure	Healthy Women Receiving Topical Application of Methyl Salicylate and Placebo Gels n = 21
Methyl salicylate: BL: hot	0
Methyl salicylate: BL: warm	0
Methyl salicylate: BL: slightly warm	1
Methyl salicylate: BL: neutral	16
Methyl salicylate: BL: slightly cool	4
Methyl salicylate: BL: cool	0
Methyl salicylate: T0: hot	0
Methyl salicylate: T0: warm	3

Population analysed: 21 participants received methyl salicylate gel on a 5 cm × 10 cm skin area on one side of the thoracic spine and placebo gel on the other side; the side was randomized.

Adverse events

Time frame: Adverse events were assessed throughout the laboratory visit, lasting approximately 1 hour (45min post application).. Other adverse events reported at 0% frequency or more

Group	Serious adverse events	Other adverse events	Deaths
Methyl Salicylate	0 of 21 (0%)	0 of 21 (0%)	0 of 21
Control	0 of 21 (0%)	0 of 21 (0%)	0 of 21

Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…

Research links

Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 16 Jun 2026.
Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
Results publication: PubMed 38706945Versteeg N, Wellauer V, Wittenwiler S, Aerenhouts D, Clarys P, Clijsen R. Short-term cutaneous vasodilatory and thermosensory effects of topical methyl salicylate. Front Physiol. 2024 Apr 19;15:1347196. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1347196. eCollection 2024.
fullversion of publicationLink provided by the sponsor.
Individual participant dataSharing planned: No

Related trials for Healthy

Recruiting
THE EFFECTS OF GAME-BASED EXERCISE PROGRAMS
Physical Activity, Body Image
Not yet recruitingPhase 1
A Phase I Study of GLR2053 Tablets in Chinese Healthy Adult Participants
Atopic Dermatitis
Recruiting
Colon-delivered Riboflavin and Gut Microbiota Composition
Microbiome Dysbiosis, Gut Health
Not yet recruiting
Neuroergonomic Analysis of a Brain-Computer Interface Device (BCI)
Healthy Volunteers - Male and Female
RecruitingPhase 1
First-in-Human Trial to Assess REGN20423 in Healthy Adult Participants and Adult Participants With Atopic Dermatitis
Healthy Volunteer, Atopic Dermatitis

Referral and contact

AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.

Ron Clijsen, PhD principal investigator

University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI)

1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Axanova hot gel, Axanova activ gel and Perskindol Dolo Gel in people with Healthy, run by University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland at 1 site in Switzerland.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 9 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 16 Jun 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Switzerland. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 16 Jun 2026). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Local Skin Perfusion (time frame: during 45min post application). The study lists 5 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03016221, which also lists 1 linked publication.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 16 Jun 2026.