Neck PainNCT03012503
The Effect of Biofreeze on Post Manipulation Soreness in Patients With Mechanical Neck Pain
A study testing BioFreeze in people with Neck Pain, run by Marquette University.
Trial summary
Background: Neck pain effects a significant number of individuals and is commonly treated with chiropractic cervical manipulation. The temporary increases in neck pain following cervical manipulation may contribute to a lack of compliance with prescribed therapy that following this therapy which in turn commonly… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Neck Pain
- What is being tested?
- BioFreeze
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- Jan 2013to May 2013
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Individuals were included in the study if they were between the ages of 18-65 years old, presented to their with initial clinic visit with non-radicular mechanical neck pain greater than 3 on a 1-10 pain scale, and were prescribed by the clinical staff to receive a cervical manipulation
Who cannot join
- Patients not receiving a cervical manipulation
- Patients with radicular signs and/or symptoms
- Patients who did not consent to be in the study.
About this study
Background: Neck pain effects a significant number of individuals and is commonly treated with chiropractic cervical manipulation. The temporary increases in neck pain following cervical manipulation may contribute to a lack of compliance with prescribed therapy that following this therapy which in turn commonly contributes to protracted symptoms. Topical menthol has previously been shown to decrease pain shortly following application. The purpose of this study was to determine if patients with mechanical neck pain who received topical menthol gel applied to their neck prior to cervical manipulation would have less pain and increased neck range of motion following cervical manipulation than patients who did not receive menthol.
Methods: Patients, mean ages 35 years old, with non-radicular mechanical neck pain were randomly assigned to a control (n=31) or a treatment (n=29) group. Five minutes before cervical manipulation, controls received a placebo gel applied to their neck while the treatment group received a menthol containing gel (Biofreeze®) applied to their neck. Participants rated their neck pain on a 10-point scale prior to gel application (Pre) and at one minute (T1), 10 minutes (T2), 20 minutes (T3), and 30 minutes (T4) post cervical manipulation. Six measures of neck range of motion were assessed prior to topical applications of gel and at T1 and T4. ANCOVA repeated measures were performed to compare pain ratings and neck range of motion following manipulation while controlling for Pre measures.
Read the detailed description
Background: Neck pain effects a significant number of individuals and is commonly treated with chiropractic cervical manipulation. The temporary increases in neck pain following cervical manipulation may contribute to a lack of compliance with prescribed therapy that following this therapy which in turn commonly contributes to protracted symptoms. Topical menthol has previously been shown to decrease pain shortly following application. The purpose of this study was to determine if patients with mechanical neck pain who received topical menthol gel applied to their neck prior to cervical manipulation would have less pain and increased neck range of motion following cervical manipulation than patients who did not receive menthol.
Methods: Patients, mean ages 35 years old, with non-radicular mechanical neck pain were randomly assigned to a control (n=31) or a treatment (n=29) group. Five minutes before cervical manipulation, controls received a placebo gel applied to their neck while the treatment group received a menthol containing gel (Biofreeze®) applied to their neck. Participants rated their neck pain on a 10-point scale prior to gel application (Pre) and at one minute (T1), 10 minutes (T2), 20 minutes (T3), and 30 minutes (T4) post cervical manipulation. Six measures of neck range of motion were assessed prior to topical applications of gel and at T1 and T4. ANCOVA repeated measures were performed to compare pain ratings and neck range of motion following manipulation while controlling for Pre measures.
- Conditions
- Neck Pain
- Being tested
- BioFreeze, Placebos
- Medical subject headings
- Neck Pain
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
BioFreezeDrug
The estimated surface area of the average adult's neck is 350cm and the standard dose of Biofreeze® to achieve a clinically significant effect has been sited to be 1ml/200cm2 of skin surface area. Using this data approximately 1.75 ml of the assigned gel was applied to each participant's neck (posterior, anterior, left lateral and right lateral) by the same member of the research team, 5 minutes prior to an independent practitioner performing cervical manipulation on the participant.
PlacebosDrug
control gel with a similar packaging, texture, and scent as Brand X but without the active ingredient of menthol
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Control | Placebo comparator | Five minutes before cervical manipulation, controls received a placebo gel applied to their neck. Receives: Drug: Placebos |
| Treatment | Experimental | Five minutes before cervical manipulation the treatment group received a menthol containing gel (Biofreeze®) applied to their neck. Receives: Drug: BioFreeze |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in Pain over 5 time points
Participants rated their neck pain on a 10-point scale
Measured: Prior to gel application (Pre) and at one minute (T1), 10 minutes (T2), 20 minutes (T3), and 30 minutes (T4) post cervical manipulation
Secondary outcomes (1)
neck range of motion
Six measures of neck range of motion were assessed in the sagittal, frontal, and horizontal planes using the Acumar DataCapture hand-held dual inclinometer. This device has demonstrated a high degree of reliability (.87 - .92) without requiring calibration 21. These assessments included the neck motions of flexion, extension, right side bending, left side bending, left rotation and right rotation.
Measured: Prior to gel application (Pre) and at one minute (T1), and 30 minutes (T4) post cervical manipulation
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted6 Jan 2017 (estimated)
- Study startJan 2013
- Primary completionMay 2013
- Study completionMay 2013
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Neck PainStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Marquette University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Robert Topp, Marquette University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03012503
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- HR-2355
- Status last verified
- Jan 2017
- First submitted
- 3 Jan 2017
- Last updated
- 6 Jan 2017
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: Through publication and/or requests to the PI
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 Jan 2017. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Biofreeze on Post Manipulation Soreness in Patients With Mechanical Neck Pain
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03012503
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- HR-2355
- Conditions
- Neck Pain
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Marquette UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Jan 2013
- Primary completion
- May 2013 (actual)
- Study completion
- May 2013 (actual)
- First posted
- 6 Jan 2017 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Background: Neck pain effects a significant number of individuals and is commonly treated with chiropractic cervical manipulation. The temporary increases in neck pain following cervical manipulation may contribute to a lack of compliance with prescribed therapy that following this therapy which in turn commonly contributes to protracted symptoms. Topical menthol has previously been shown to decrease pain shortly following application. The purpose of this study was to determine if patients with mechanical neck pain who received topical menthol gel applied to their neck prior to cervical manipulation would have less pain and increased neck range of motion following cervical manipulation than patients who did not receive menthol.
Methods: Patients, mean ages 35 years old, with non-radicular mechanical neck pain were randomly assigned to a control (n=31) or a treatment (n=29) group. Five minutes before cervical manipulation, controls received a placebo gel applied to their neck while the treatment group received a menthol containing gel (Biofreeze®) applied to their neck. Participants rated their neck pain on a 10-point scale prior to gel application (Pre) and at one minute (T1), 10 minutes (T2), 20 minutes (T3), and 30 minutes (T4) post cervical manipulation. Six measures of neck range of motion were assessed prior to topical applications of gel and at T1 and T4. ANCOVA repeated measures were performed to compare pain ratings and neck range of motion following manipulation while controlling for Pre measures.
Detailed description
Background: Neck pain effects a significant number of individuals and is commonly treated with chiropractic cervical manipulation. The temporary increases in neck pain following cervical manipulation may contribute to a lack of compliance with prescribed therapy that following this therapy which in turn commonly contributes to protracted symptoms. Topical menthol has previously been shown to decrease pain shortly following application. The purpose of this study was to determine if patients with mechanical neck pain who received topical menthol gel applied to their neck prior to cervical manipulation would have less pain and increased neck range of motion following cervical manipulation than patients who did not receive menthol.
Methods: Patients, mean ages 35 years old, with non-radicular mechanical neck pain were randomly assigned to a control (n=31) or a treatment (n=29) group. Five minutes before cervical manipulation, controls received a placebo gel applied to their neck while the treatment group received a menthol containing gel (Biofreeze®) applied to their neck. Participants rated their neck pain on a 10-point scale prior to gel application (Pre) and at one minute (T1), 10 minutes (T2), 20 minutes (T3), and 30 minutes (T4) post cervical manipulation. Six measures of neck range of motion were assessed prior to topical applications of gel and at T1 and T4. ANCOVA repeated measures were performed to compare pain ratings and neck range of motion following manipulation while controlling for Pre measures.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind (participant, care provider, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Control | Placebo comparator | Drug: PlacebosFive minutes before cervical manipulation, controls received a placebo gel applied to their neck. |
| Treatment | Experimental | Drug: BioFreezeFive minutes before cervical manipulation the treatment group received a menthol containing gel (Biofreeze®) applied to their neck. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Individuals were included in the study if they were between the ages of 18-65 years old, presented to their with initial clinic visit with non-radicular mechanical neck pain greater than 3 on a 1-10 pain scale, and were prescribed by the clinical staff to receive a cervical manipulation
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Patients not receiving a cervical manipulation
- Patients with radicular signs and/or symptoms
- Patients who did not consent to be in the study.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| BioFreezeThe estimated surface area of the average adult's neck is 350cm and the standard dose of Biofreeze® to achieve a clinically significant effect has been sited to be 1ml/200cm2 of skin surface area. Using this data approximately 1.75 ml of the assigned gel was applied to each participant's neck (posterior, anterior, left lateral and right lateral) by the same member of the research team, 5 minutes prior to an independent practitioner performing cervical manipulation on the participant. | Drug | Treatment |
| Placeboscontrol gel with a similar packaging, texture, and scent as Brand X but without the active ingredient of menthol | Drug | Control |
Primary outcome
Change in Pain over 5 time points
Time frame: Prior to gel application (Pre) and at one minute (T1), 10 minutes (T2), 20 minutes (T3), and 30 minutes (T4) post cervical manipulation
Participants rated their neck pain on a 10-point scale
1 secondary outcome
neck range of motion
Time frame: Prior to gel application (Pre) and at one minute (T1), and 30 minutes (T4) post cervical manipulation
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 Jan 2017.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. Through publication and/or requests to the PI
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing BioFreeze in people with Neck Pain, run by Marquette University.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 Jan 2017. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in Pain over 5 time points (time frame: Prior to gel application (Pre) and at one minute (T1), 10 minutes (T2), 20 minutes (T3), and 30 minutes (T4) post cervical manipulation). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 Jan 2017.