Disorder of Pacing FunctionNCT02842762
3D Echocardiographic Assessment of Epicardial Pacing After Cardiopulmonary Bypass.
A study testing Right ventricular epicardial pacing, cardiac surgery and 3D TEE in people with Disorder of Pacing Function, run by Suzanne Flier, MD at 1 site in Canada.
Trial summary
This study evaluates the usefulness of 3D echocardiography to guide pacemaker therapy in the operating room in cardiac surgical patients. Each patient will serve as his own control, following a paired design. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Disorder of Pacing Function
- What is being tested?
- Right ventricular epicardial pacing, cardiac surgery and 3D TEE
- Type of treatment
- Medical device, Surgery or procedure
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 40 participants
- Where
- 1 siteCanada
- Study dates
- 20 Mar 2017to Aug 2018
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Adult patient scheduled to undergo elective cardiac surgery by means of full sternotomy and use of cardiopulmonary bypass
- Preoperative moderate to good LV function, ejection fraction > 30%
- Age > 18 yrs. old
- Preoperative sinus rhythm
- Pacemaker lead inserted by cardiac surgeon during surgery
- Underlying sinus rhythm after cardiopulmonary bypass before the end of surgery
- Able to understand written and verbal patient information
- Signed informed consent
Who cannot join
- Emergency cardiac surgery
- Minimally invasive surgery
- Contraindication to TEE
- Redo surgery
- Hemodynamic instability after CPB (late exclusion criterium)
- No pacemaker lead inserted by cardiac surgeon (late exclusion criterium)
- No sinus rhythm during chest closure towards the end of surgery (late exclusion criterium)
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Canada1 site
University Hospital - London Health Sciences Centre
London, Ontario, N6A 5A5
About this study
Official title: The Hemodynamic Effect of Transient Epicardial Right Ventricular Pacing After Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Assessed by Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography.
This study evaluates the usefulness of 3D echocardiography to guide pacemaker therapy in the operating room in cardiac surgical patients. Each patient will serve as his own control, following a paired design.
Read the detailed description
Cardiac surgical patients sometimes require temporary pacing wires to optimize cardiac function during weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and/or to treat hemodynamically significant brady-arrhythmias. The available patient series report that 8.6% to 23.9% of patient undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or valve surgery require temporary pacing at some time after CPB. The site of pacemaker wire placement seems to be a crucial determinant of cardiac output. In non-surgical patients isolated right ventricular (RV) pacing seems to induce electromechanical dyssynchrony of the RV and the left ventricle (LV). A normal ventricle in sinus rhythm displays a simultaneous contraction of all segments of the heart, so that regional minimal volume (i.e. maximal contraction) will occur at the same time. Isolated RV pacing seems to result in a left bundle branch type electrical activation sequence, with delayed contraction of some of the segments. The LV, but not the RV, seems to negatively affected by this state of dyssynchrony, resulting in decreased cardiac output. In surgical patients however, there is not such data available yet. Since isolated RV epicardial wire placement is still widely practiced in cardiac surgery, and in our own institution, we would like to study the effect of RV pacing on LV synchrony and LV output.
Again from studies in non-surgical patients receiving resynchronization therapy, we know that real-time three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography is very useful to pick up subtle changes in LV synchrony and thereby guide synchronization of ventricular contraction. However, to date the usefulness of real-time 3D echocardiography to guide pacemaker therapy in cardiac surgery is unknown. In the present feasibility study in cardiac surgical patients, we want to investigate the acute effects of isolated RV pacing on LV synchrony, and LV output.
- Conditions
- Disorder of Pacing Function
- Being tested
- Right ventricular epicardial pacing, cardiac surgery, 3D TEE, Pacemaker lead
- Keywords
- Echocardiography, Three-dimensional, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Cardiac Pacing, Artificial, Anesthesia
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Right ventricular epicardial pacingDevice
The patient's own heart rate at that moment will be the starting point for the study. Right ventricle pacing will be instituted by selecting a rate that is 5 beats above the patient's own heart rate. We will use a stepwise approach where we increase the pacermaker's rate with steps of 5 beats until we have 100% capture of the pacemaker beats. After waiting for at least one minute of pacing we will obtain a set of measurements.
cardiac surgeryProcedure or surgery
Elective cardiac surgery, with use of cardiopulmonary bypass.
3D TEEDevice
Also called three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography
Intraoperatively, all patients will be monitored by means of TEE
Pacemaker leadDevice
All patients will have a epicardial pacemaker lead in situ.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Non-paced | Sham comparator | * cardiac surgery
* 3D TEE measurements of systolic dyssynchrony
* right ventricular epicardial pacemaker lead (off) Receives: Procedure: cardiac surgery; Device: 3D TEE; Device: Pacemaker lead |
| Paced | Experimental | The patient is randomized to the order of measurements taken, and serves as his own control.
* cardiac surgery
* 3D TEE measurements of systolic dyssynchrony
* right ventricular epicardial pacemaker lead (on) Receives: Device: Right ventricular epicardial pacing; Procedure: cardiac surgery; Device: 3D TEE; Device: Pacemaker lead |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Left ventricular systolic dyssynchrony index (SDI)
For each segment of 16 segments excluding the apical cap in a standard 17-segment model, the time to reach regional minimal volume is calculated as a fraction of the total cardiac cycle (RR interval) and expressed as a percentage.10 The standard deviation of these measurements is defined as the SDI. Three-dimensional SDI is therefore the dispersion time to reach the minimum systolic volume (as recommended).
Measured: Intraoperative, end of cardiac surgery (duration 10 minutes)
Secondary outcomes (3)
Ventricular volumes and ejection fraction
We will obtain a full volume 3D dataset and obtain end diastolic (EDV) and end systolic volume (ESV). By subtracting ESV from EDV we will obtain the ejection fraction (EF).
Measured: Intraoperative, end of cardiac surgery (duration 10 minutes)
LVOT blood flow
As a surrogate for cardiac output we will obtain the velocity time integral (VTI) across the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT)
Measured: Intraoperative, end of cardiac surgery (duration 10 minutes)
Presence and severity of mitral regurgitation
From midesophageal position we will perform a transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) study to interrogate the mitral valve for the presence and severity of mitral regurgitation.
Measured: Intraoperative, end of cardiac surgery (duration 10 minutes)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted25 Jul 2016 (estimated)
- Study start20 Mar 2017
- Primary completion12 Dec 2017
- Study completionAug 2018 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (4)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Disorder of Pacing FunctionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Diagnosis
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Model description
- Sequence of measurements, during sinus rhythm and during pacing is randomized.
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 40 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Suzanne Flier, MD
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Suzanne Flier, MD, London Health Sciences Centre Research Institute OR Lawson Research Institute of St. Joseph's
- Investigators
- Suzanne Flier, MD MSc, Principal investigator, London Health Sciences Center
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02842762
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 108176
- Status last verified
- Apr 2018
- First submitted
- 20 Jul 2016
- Last updated
- 12 Apr 2018
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Wolber T, Haegeli L, Huerlimann D, Brunckhorst C, Luscher TF, Duru F. Altered left ventricular contraction pattern during right ventricular pacing: assessment using real-time three-dimensional echocardiography. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2011 Jan;34(1):76-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-8159.2010.02908.x. Epub 2010 Oct 14.
PubMed 20946287Kapetanakis S, Kearney MT, Siva A, Gall N, Cooklin M, Monaghan MJ. Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography: a novel technique to quantify global left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony. Circulation. 2005 Aug 16;112(7):992-1000. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.474445. Epub 2005 Aug 8.
PubMed 16087800Alwaqfi NR, Ibrahim KS, Khader YS, Baker AA. Predictors of temporary epicardial pacing wires use after valve surgery. J Cardiothorac Surg. 2014 Feb 12;9:33. doi: 10.1186/1749-8090-9-33.
PubMed 24521215Bethea BT, Salazar JD, Grega MA, Doty JR, Fitton TP, Alejo DE, Borowicz LM Jr, Gott VL, Sussman MS, Baumgartner WA. Determining the utility of temporary pacing wires after coronary artery bypass surgery. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005 Jan;79(1):104-7. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.06.087.
PubMed 15620924
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 12 Apr 2018. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Hemodynamic Effect of Transient Epicardial Right Ventricular Pacing After Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Assessed by Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02842762
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 108176
- Conditions
- Disorder of Pacing Function
- Keywords
- Echocardiography, Three-dimensional, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Cardiac Pacing, Artificial, Anesthesia
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 40 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Suzanne Flier, MDUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 20 Mar 2017 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 12 Dec 2017 (actual)
- Study completion
- Aug 2018 (estimated)
- First posted
- 25 Jul 2016 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study evaluates the usefulness of 3D echocardiography to guide pacemaker therapy in the operating room in cardiac surgical patients. Each patient will serve as his own control, following a paired design.
Detailed description
Cardiac surgical patients sometimes require temporary pacing wires to optimize cardiac function during weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and/or to treat hemodynamically significant brady-arrhythmias. The available patient series report that 8.6% to 23.9% of patient undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or valve surgery require temporary pacing at some time after CPB. The site of pacemaker wire placement seems to be a crucial determinant of cardiac output. In non-surgical patients isolated right ventricular (RV) pacing seems to induce electromechanical dyssynchrony of the RV and the left ventricle (LV). A normal ventricle in sinus rhythm displays a simultaneous contraction of all segments of the heart, so that regional minimal volume (i.e. maximal contraction) will occur at the same time. Isolated RV pacing seems to result in a left bundle branch type electrical activation sequence, with delayed contraction of some of the segments. The LV, but not the RV, seems to negatively affected by this state of dyssynchrony, resulting in decreased cardiac output. In surgical patients however, there is not such data available yet. Since isolated RV epicardial wire placement is still widely practiced in cardiac surgery, and in our own institution, we would like to study the effect of RV pacing on LV synchrony and LV output.
Again from studies in non-surgical patients receiving resynchronization therapy, we know that real-time three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography is very useful to pick up subtle changes in LV synchrony and thereby guide synchronization of ventricular contraction. However, to date the usefulness of real-time 3D echocardiography to guide pacemaker therapy in cardiac surgery is unknown. In the present feasibility study in cardiac surgical patients, we want to investigate the acute effects of isolated RV pacing on LV synchrony, and LV output.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Diagnosis
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Sequence of measurements, during sinus rhythm and during pacing is randomized.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Non-paced | Sham comparator | Procedure: cardiac surgery, Device: 3D TEE, Device: Pacemaker lead* cardiac surgery * 3D TEE measurements of systolic dyssynchrony * right ventricular epicardial pacemaker lead (off) |
| Paced | Experimental | Device: Right ventricular epicardial pacing, Procedure: cardiac surgery, Device: 3D TEE, Device: Pacemaker leadThe patient is randomized to the order of measurements taken, and serves as his own control. * cardiac surgery * 3D TEE measurements of systolic dyssynchrony * right ventricular epicardial pacemaker lead (on) |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Adult patient scheduled to undergo elective cardiac surgery by means of full sternotomy and use of cardiopulmonary bypass
- Preoperative moderate to good LV function, ejection fraction > 30%
- Age > 18 yrs. old
- Preoperative sinus rhythm
- Pacemaker lead inserted by cardiac surgeon during surgery
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Emergency cardiac surgery
- Minimally invasive surgery
- Contraindication to TEE
- Redo surgery
- Hemodynamic instability after CPB (late exclusion criterium)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Right ventricular epicardial pacingThe patient's own heart rate at that moment will be the starting point for the study. Right ventricle pacing will be instituted by selecting a rate that is 5 beats above the patient's own heart rate. We will use a stepwise approach where we increase the pacermaker's rate with steps of 5 beats until we have 100% capture of the pacemaker beats. After waiting for at least one minute of pacing we will obtain a set of measurements. | Device | Paced |
| cardiac surgeryElective cardiac surgery, with use of cardiopulmonary bypass. | Procedure or surgery | Non-paced, Paced |
| 3D TEEAlso: three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiographyIntraoperatively, all patients will be monitored by means of TEE | Device | Non-paced, Paced |
| Pacemaker leadAll patients will have a epicardial pacemaker lead in situ. | Device | Non-paced, Paced |
Primary outcome
Left ventricular systolic dyssynchrony index (SDI)
Time frame: Intraoperative, end of cardiac surgery (duration 10 minutes)
For each segment of 16 segments excluding the apical cap in a standard 17-segment model, the time to reach regional minimal volume is calculated as a fraction of the total cardiac cycle (RR interval) and expressed as a percentage.10 The standard deviation of these measurements is defined as the SDI. Three-dimensional SDI is therefore the dispersion time to reach the minimum systolic volume (as recommended).
3 secondary outcomes
Ventricular volumes and ejection fraction
Time frame: Intraoperative, end of cardiac surgery (duration 10 minutes)
LVOT blood flow
Time frame: Intraoperative, end of cardiac surgery (duration 10 minutes)
Presence and severity of mitral regurgitation
Time frame: Intraoperative, end of cardiac surgery (duration 10 minutes)
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 12 Apr 2018.
- Background: PubMed 20946287Wolber T, Haegeli L, Huerlimann D, Brunckhorst C, Luscher TF, Duru F. Altered left ventricular contraction pattern during right ventricular pacing: assessment using real-time three-dimensional echocardiography. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2011 Jan;34(1):76-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-8159.2010.02908.x. Epub 2010 Oct 14.
- Background: PubMed 16087800Kapetanakis S, Kearney MT, Siva A, Gall N, Cooklin M, Monaghan MJ. Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography: a novel technique to quantify global left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony. Circulation. 2005 Aug 16;112(7):992-1000. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.474445. Epub 2005 Aug 8.
- Background: PubMed 24521215Alwaqfi NR, Ibrahim KS, Khader YS, Baker AA. Predictors of temporary epicardial pacing wires use after valve surgery. J Cardiothorac Surg. 2014 Feb 12;9:33. doi: 10.1186/1749-8090-9-33.
- Background: PubMed 15620924Bethea BT, Salazar JD, Grega MA, Doty JR, Fitton TP, Alejo DE, Borowicz LM Jr, Gott VL, Sussman MS, Baumgartner WA. Determining the utility of temporary pacing wires after coronary artery bypass surgery. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005 Jan;79(1):104-7. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.06.087.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Suzanne Flier, MD MSc principal investigator
London Health Sciences Center
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Right ventricular epicardial pacing, cardiac surgery and 3D TEE in people with Disorder of Pacing Function, run by Suzanne Flier, MD at 1 site in Canada.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 8 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 12 Apr 2018. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Canada. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Left ventricular systolic dyssynchrony index (SDI) (time frame: Intraoperative, end of cardiac surgery (duration 10 minutes)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02842762, which also lists 4 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 12 Apr 2018.