Surgical Wound InfectionGlobalSurg 2NCT02662231
Determining the Worldwide Epidemiology of Surgical Site Infections After Gastrointestinal Surgery
An observational study of Surgical Wound Infection, run by University of Edinburgh at 2 sites in United Kingdom.
Trial summary
Surgical site infection (SSI) is the most common complication following major gastrointestinal surgery, affecting between 25-40% of patients. The rate of SSI doubles from low-income to high-income settings, persisting after risk adjustment. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Any age
- Conditions the study is for
- Surgical Wound Infection
- What is being tested?
- Emergency, or elective gastrointestinal resection
- Type of treatment
- Surgery or procedure
- How many people
- 12,539 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesUnited Kingdom
- Study dates
- 1 Jan 2016to 30 Sep 2016
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Any age
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Study population: Consecutive patients undergoing emergency, or elective gastrointestinal resection, cholecystectomy and appendectomy.
Who may be able to join
- Patients of all ages (adult and paediatric)
- Consecutive patients during a chosen 14-day study period
- Undergoing emergency or elective gastrointestinal resection, cholecystectomy and appendectomy.
- Includes open, laparoscopic, laparoscopic converted and robotic cases
- Primary indication of trauma should be included
- Hernia repair with bowel resection should be included
Who cannot join
- Operations with a primary indication that is vascular, gynaecological, urological (including ileal conduit) or transplant
- Caesarean sections
- Whipples procedure
- Simple hernia repair
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country.
United Kingdom2 sites
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
Birmingham, B15 2TH
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh
Edinburgh, EH16 4SA
About this study
Surgical site infection (SSI) is the most common complication following major gastrointestinal surgery, affecting between 25-40% of patients. The rate of SSI doubles from low-income to high-income settings, persisting after risk adjustment. Investigating the diagnosis and treatment of SSIs remains a largely unaddressed global health priority. The impact of antibiotic resistant organisms and the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis are unknown. This study aims to determine SSI rates following gastrointestinal surgery across worldwide hospital settings.
Read the detailed description
The burden of surgically disease in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) is growing. Specific programmes have aimed to raise the profile of safe surgery and anaesthesia on the global health agenda. The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery have outlined six core indicators for the assessment of global surgical systems, including the postoperative mortality rate (POMR). Although mortality is the most extreme outcome of surgery, it only affects 1-4% of all patients. For major gastrointestinal surgery, efforts to quantify POMR alone neglect the associated morbidity, which is likely to affect a far greater proportion of patients [1]. More relevant markers of postoperative outcome are needed for the majority of patients, who will survive surgery.
Surgical site infection (SSI) is the most common complication following major gastrointestinal surgery, affecting between 25-40% of patients after midline laparotomy in high-income settings, and affects both adults and children. The effects of SSI can be life threatening. They are related to one-third of postoperative deaths and accounts for 8% of all deaths caused by a nosocomial infection. Furthermore, SSIs cause pain and discomfort, increasing the time taken to return home thus further amplifying the patient's potential nosocomial infection risk. This has an important economic impact. In the UK, hospital length of stay is doubled, with an attributable cost of £30 million per year.
The 2014 prospective, observational cohort study (GlobalSurg-1) included 10,475 patients from 58 countries. It showed that the incidence of SSI more than doubled from high (7.4%), to middle (14.4%), to low (20.0%) income countries. This persisted after multivariable risk adjustment for patient and hospital confounders (middle income: odds ratio 1.96 [1.63-2.32] and low income: 2.06 [1.67-2.57]). In the most contaminated and dirty operations, one in three patients from LMICs suffered an SSI. Dirty surgery doubled in low-income countries (29.7% versus 16.6% in high-income settings), which was in turn associated with doubling of SSI (34.5% low-income versus 15.4% high-income). However, SSI was assessed as a secondary outcome measure as part of that study, lacking validity and requiring external validation.
Antibiotic resistant organisms are now prevalent worldwide and a focus of interest for policy leaders and global health advocates. Some hospitals have no information on the rate of antibiotic resistant SSIs. For those patients who contract infections caused by resistant organisms, they are posed with a higher risk of mortality, morbidity and require more healthcare resources. Currently no data exists to describe the international epidemiology of SSIs, their causative organisms and drug-resistance. Therefore, investigating the diagnosis and treatment of SSIs is an urgent global health priority.
The primary aim of this study is to determine SSI rates across low, middle and high Human Development Index (HDI) countries. The secondary aims include describing organisms causing SSI rates, use of microbiologic tests, and rate of antibiotic resistant SSI. The impact of the method of 30-day follow-up on these outcomes will also be analysed. Other aims include describing the burden of surgical disease using 30-day mortality rates, perforated appendicitis rates and laparoscopic cholecystectomy rates.
- Conditions
- Surgical Wound Infection
- Being tested
- Emergency, or elective gastrointestinal resection
- Keywords
- Surgical Site Infection, General Surgery, Laparotomy, Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care), Developing Countries, International Cooperation, Specialties, Surgical, Developed Countries, Quality of Health Care
- Medical subject headings
- Surgical Wound Infection
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Emergency, or elective gastrointestinal resectionProcedure or surgery
Gastrointestinal resection is defined as complete transection and removal of a segment of the oesophagus, stomach, small bowel, colon or rectum, including cholecystectomy, and appendicectomy.
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Superficial incisional surgical site infection (SSI)
This measure adapts the definitions within the 2008 Centre for Disease Control definitions of SSI.
Measured: Within 30 days of surgery
Secondary outcomes (5)
Postoperative mortality rate (POMR)
Death any time after skin incision until the 30th day after surgery. If the patient is discharged alive but not seen again by day 30, this is equivalent to the in-patient mortality rate.
Measured: Within 30 days of surgery
Postoperative re-intervention rate
Operative, radiological or endoscopic re-intervention any time after skin incision until the 30th day after surgery. If the patient is discharged alive but not seen again by day 30, this is equivalent to the inpatient re-intervention rate.
Measured: Within 30 days of surgery
Rate of antibiotic-resistant surgical site infection
Describing international variation, where available.
Measured: Within 30 days of surgery
Organism causing surgical site infection
Patient-level, online questionnaire. Organisms identified upon microscopy and culture. Grouped by recognised causative bacteria in superficial surgical site infection (i.e. Staphylococcus Aureus, Coliform, Anaerobe, Other)
Measured: Within 30 days of surgery
Proportion of patients treated in a hospital with microscopy, culture and sensitivity testing
Patient-level, online questionnaire.
Measured: Within 30 days of surgery
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted25 Jan 2016 (estimated)
- Study start1 Jan 2016
- Primary completion31 Jul 2016
- Study completion30 Sep 2016
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (15)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Surgical Wound InfectionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of EdinburghThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Ecologic or community
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 12,539 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Edinburgh
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- University of Birmingham
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Aneel Bhangu, Principal investigator, University of BirminghamEwen M Harrison, Principal investigator, University of EdinburghEdward Fitzgerald, Principal investigator, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02662231
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- GlobalSurg 2 Edinburgh
- Acronym
- GlobalSurg 2
- Status last verified
- May 2024
- First submitted
- 5 Jan 2016
- Last updated
- 22 May 2024
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: Individual participant data will be made available upon request, to enable patient level meta-analysis
Publications
Pearse RM, Moreno RP, Bauer P, Pelosi P, Metnitz P, Spies C, Vallet B, Vincent JL, Hoeft A, Rhodes A; European Surgical Outcomes Study (EuSOS) group for the Trials groups of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine and the European Society of Anaesthesiology. Mortality after surgery in Europe: a 7 day cohort study. Lancet. 2012 Sep 22;380(9847):1059-65. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61148-9.
PubMed 22998715Bhangu A, Fitzgerald JE, Fergusson S, Khatri C, Holmer H, Soreide K, Harrison EM. Determining universal processes related to best outcome in emergency abdominal surgery: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study. BMJ Open. 2014 Oct 29;4(10):e006239. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006239.
PubMed 25354824Pinkney TD, Calvert M, Bartlett DC, Gheorghe A, Redman V, Dowswell G, Hawkins W, Mak T, Youssef H, Richardson C, Hornby S, Magill L, Haslop R, Wilson S, Morton D; West Midlands Research Collaborative; ROSSINI Trial Investigators. Impact of wound edge protection devices on surgical site infection after laparotomy: multicentre randomised controlled trial (ROSSINI Trial). BMJ. 2013 Jul 31;347:f4305. doi: 10.1136/bmj.f4305.
PubMed 23903454Wilson AP, Gibbons C, Reeves BC, Hodgson B, Liu M, Plummer D, Krukowski ZH, Bruce J, Wilson J, Pearson A. Surgical wound infection as a performance indicator: agreement of common definitions of wound infection in 4773 patients. BMJ. 2004 Sep 25;329(7468):720. doi: 10.1136/bmj.38232.646227.DE. Epub 2004 Sep 14.
PubMed 15367425Horan TC, Andrus M, Dudeck MA. CDC/NHSN surveillance definition of health care-associated infection and criteria for specific types of infections in the acute care setting. Am J Infect Control. 2008 Jun;36(5):309-32. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2008.03.002. No abstract available.
PubMed 18538699Laxminarayan R, Duse A, Wattal C, Zaidi AK, Wertheim HF, Sumpradit N, Vlieghe E, Hara GL, Gould IM, Goossens H, Greko C, So AD, Bigdeli M, Tomson G, Woodhouse W, Ombaka E, Peralta AQ, Qamar FN, Mir F, Kariuki S, Bhutta ZA, Coates A, Bergstrom R, Wright GD, Brown ED, Cars O. Antibiotic resistance-the need for global solutions. Lancet Infect Dis. 2013 Dec;13(12):1057-98. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70318-9. Epub 2013 Nov 17.
PubMed 24252483Earnshaw S, Mendez A, Monnet DL, Hicks L, Cruickshank M, Weekes L, Njoo H, Ross S. Global collaboration to encourage prudent antibiotic use. Lancet Infect Dis. 2013 Dec;13(12):1003-4. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70315-3. Epub 2013 Nov 17. No abstract available.
PubMed 24252477Tanner J, Khan D, Aplin C, Ball J, Thomas M, Bankart J. Post-discharge surveillance to identify colorectal surgical site infection rates and related costs. J Hosp Infect. 2009 Jul;72(3):243-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2009.03.021. Epub 2009 May 15.
PubMed 19446918Plowman R, Graves N, Griffin MA, Roberts JA, Swan AV, Cookson B, Taylor L. The rate and cost of hospital-acquired infections occurring in patients admitted to selected specialties of a district general hospital in England and the national burden imposed. J Hosp Infect. 2001 Mar;47(3):198-209. doi: 10.1053/jhin.2000.0881.
PubMed 11247680Coello R, Charlett A, Wilson J, Ward V, Pearson A, Borriello P. Adverse impact of surgical site infections in English hospitals. J Hosp Infect. 2005 Jun;60(2):93-103. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2004.10.019.
PubMed 15866006Smyth ET, McIlvenny G, Enstone JE, Emmerson AM, Humphreys H, Fitzpatrick F, Davies E, Newcombe RG, Spencer RC; Hospital Infection Society Prevalence Survey Steering Group. Four country healthcare associated infection prevalence survey 2006: overview of the results. J Hosp Infect. 2008 Jul;69(3):230-48. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2008.04.020. Epub 2008 Jun 11.
PubMed 18550218Meara JG, Greenberg SL. The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery Global surgery 2030: Evidence and solutions for achieving health, welfare and economic development. Surgery. 2015 May;157(5):834-5. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2015.02.009. No abstract available.
PubMed 25934019NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Global Surgery, GlobalSurg Collaborative. Use of Telemedicine for Postdischarge Assessment of the Surgical Wound: International Cohort Study, and Systematic Review With Meta-analysis. Ann Surg. 2023 Jun 1;277(6):e1331-e1347. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000005506. Epub 2022 Jun 27.
PubMed 36626409GlobalSurg Collaborative. Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018 May;18(5):516-525. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30101-4. Epub 2018 Feb 13.
PubMed 29452941GlobalSurg Collaborative. Determining the worldwide epidemiology of surgical site infections after gastrointestinal resection surgery: protocol for a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study (GlobalSurg 2). BMJ Open. 2017 Jul 21;7(7):e012150. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012150.
PubMed 28733294
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 22 May 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Determining the Worldwide Epidemiology of Surgical Site Infections After Gastrointestinal Surgery
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02662231
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- GlobalSurg 2 / GlobalSurg 2 Edinburgh
- Conditions
- Surgical Wound Infection
- Keywords
- Surgical Site Infection, General Surgery, Laparotomy, Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care), Developing Countries, International Cooperation, Specialties, Surgical, Developed Countries
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 12,539 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of EdinburghUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- University of Birmingham
- Study start
- 1 Jan 2016 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Jul 2016 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Sep 2016 (actual)
- First posted
- 25 Jan 2016 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Surgical site infection (SSI) is the most common complication following major gastrointestinal surgery, affecting between 25-40% of patients. The rate of SSI doubles from low-income to high-income settings, persisting after risk adjustment. Investigating the diagnosis and treatment of SSIs remains a largely unaddressed global health priority. The impact of antibiotic resistant organisms and the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis are unknown. This study aims to determine SSI rates following gastrointestinal surgery across worldwide hospital settings.
Detailed description
The burden of surgically disease in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) is growing. Specific programmes have aimed to raise the profile of safe surgery and anaesthesia on the global health agenda. The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery have outlined six core indicators for the assessment of global surgical systems, including the postoperative mortality rate (POMR). Although mortality is the most extreme outcome of surgery, it only affects 1-4% of all patients. For major gastrointestinal surgery, efforts to quantify POMR alone neglect the associated morbidity, which is likely to affect a far greater proportion of patients [1]. More relevant markers of postoperative outcome are needed for the majority of patients, who will survive surgery.
Surgical site infection (SSI) is the most common complication following major gastrointestinal surgery, affecting between 25-40% of patients after midline laparotomy in high-income settings, and affects both adults and children. The effects of SSI can be life threatening. They are related to one-third of postoperative deaths and accounts for 8% of all deaths caused by a nosocomial infection. Furthermore, SSIs cause pain and discomfort, increasing the time taken to return home thus further amplifying the patient's potential nosocomial infection risk. This has an important economic impact. In the UK, hospital length of stay is doubled, with an attributable cost of £30 million per year.
The 2014 prospective, observational cohort study (GlobalSurg-1) included 10,475 patients from 58 countries. It showed that the incidence of SSI more than doubled from high (7.4%), to middle (14.4%), to low (20.0%) income countries. This persisted after multivariable risk adjustment for patient and hospital confounders (middle income: odds ratio 1.96 [1.63-2.32] and low income: 2.06 [1.67-2.57]). In the most contaminated and dirty operations, one in three patients from LMICs suffered an SSI. Dirty surgery doubled in low-income countries (29.7% versus 16.6% in high-income settings), which was in turn associated with doubling of SSI (34.5% low-income versus 15.4% high-income). However, SSI was assessed as a secondary outcome measure as part of that study, lacking validity and requiring external validation.
Antibiotic resistant organisms are now prevalent worldwide and a focus of interest for policy leaders and global health advocates. Some hospitals have no information on the rate of antibiotic resistant SSIs. For those patients who contract infections caused by resistant organisms, they are posed with a higher risk of mortality, morbidity and require more healthcare resources. Currently no data exists to describe the international epidemiology of SSIs, their causative organisms and drug-resistance. Therefore, investigating the diagnosis and treatment of SSIs is an urgent global health priority.
The primary aim of this study is to determine SSI rates across low, middle and high Human Development Index (HDI) countries. The secondary aims include describing organisms causing SSI rates, use of microbiologic tests, and rate of antibiotic resistant SSI. The impact of the method of 30-day follow-up on these outcomes will also be analysed. Other aims include describing the burden of surgical disease using 30-day mortality rates, perforated appendicitis rates and laparoscopic cholecystectomy rates.
Study design
- Observational model
- Ecologic or community
- Time perspective
- Prospective
Who may qualify
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Consecutive patients undergoing emergency, or elective gastrointestinal resection, cholecystectomy and appendectomy.
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Patients of all ages (adult and paediatric)
- Consecutive patients during a chosen 14-day study period
- Undergoing emergency or elective gastrointestinal resection, cholecystectomy and appendectomy.
- Includes open, laparoscopic, laparoscopic converted and robotic cases
- Primary indication of trauma should be included
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Operations with a primary indication that is vascular, gynaecological, urological (including ileal conduit) or transplant
- Caesarean sections
- Whipples procedure
- Simple hernia repair
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Emergency, or elective gastrointestinal resectionGastrointestinal resection is defined as complete transection and removal of a segment of the oesophagus, stomach, small bowel, colon or rectum, including cholecystectomy, and appendicectomy. | Procedure or surgery | – |
Primary outcome
Superficial incisional surgical site infection (SSI)
Time frame: Within 30 days of surgery
This measure adapts the definitions within the 2008 Centre for Disease Control definitions of SSI.
5 secondary outcomes
Postoperative mortality rate (POMR)
Time frame: Within 30 days of surgery
Postoperative re-intervention rate
Time frame: Within 30 days of surgery
Rate of antibiotic-resistant surgical site infection
Time frame: Within 30 days of surgery
Organism causing surgical site infection
Time frame: Within 30 days of surgery
Proportion of patients treated in a hospital with microscopy, culture and sensitivity testing
Time frame: Within 30 days of surgery
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 22 May 2024.
- Background: PubMed 22998715Pearse RM, Moreno RP, Bauer P, Pelosi P, Metnitz P, Spies C, Vallet B, Vincent JL, Hoeft A, Rhodes A; European Surgical Outcomes Study (EuSOS) group for the Trials groups of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine and the European Society of Anaesthesiology. Mortality after surgery in Europe: a 7 day cohort study. Lancet. 2012 Sep 22;380(9847):1059-65. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61148-9.
- Background: PubMed 25354824Bhangu A, Fitzgerald JE, Fergusson S, Khatri C, Holmer H, Soreide K, Harrison EM. Determining universal processes related to best outcome in emergency abdominal surgery: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study. BMJ Open. 2014 Oct 29;4(10):e006239. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006239.
- Background: PubMed 23903454Pinkney TD, Calvert M, Bartlett DC, Gheorghe A, Redman V, Dowswell G, Hawkins W, Mak T, Youssef H, Richardson C, Hornby S, Magill L, Haslop R, Wilson S, Morton D; West Midlands Research Collaborative; ROSSINI Trial Investigators. Impact of wound edge protection devices on surgical site infection after laparotomy: multicentre randomised controlled trial (ROSSINI Trial). BMJ. 2013 Jul 31;347:f4305. doi: 10.1136/bmj.f4305.
- Background: PubMed 15367425Wilson AP, Gibbons C, Reeves BC, Hodgson B, Liu M, Plummer D, Krukowski ZH, Bruce J, Wilson J, Pearson A. Surgical wound infection as a performance indicator: agreement of common definitions of wound infection in 4773 patients. BMJ. 2004 Sep 25;329(7468):720. doi: 10.1136/bmj.38232.646227.DE. Epub 2004 Sep 14.
- Background: PubMed 18538699Horan TC, Andrus M, Dudeck MA. CDC/NHSN surveillance definition of health care-associated infection and criteria for specific types of infections in the acute care setting. Am J Infect Control. 2008 Jun;36(5):309-32. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2008.03.002. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 24252483Laxminarayan R, Duse A, Wattal C, Zaidi AK, Wertheim HF, Sumpradit N, Vlieghe E, Hara GL, Gould IM, Goossens H, Greko C, So AD, Bigdeli M, Tomson G, Woodhouse W, Ombaka E, Peralta AQ, Qamar FN, Mir F, Kariuki S, Bhutta ZA, Coates A, Bergstrom R, Wright GD, Brown ED, Cars O. Antibiotic resistance-the need for global solutions. Lancet Infect Dis. 2013 Dec;13(12):1057-98. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70318-9. Epub 2013 Nov 17.
- Background: PubMed 24252477Earnshaw S, Mendez A, Monnet DL, Hicks L, Cruickshank M, Weekes L, Njoo H, Ross S. Global collaboration to encourage prudent antibiotic use. Lancet Infect Dis. 2013 Dec;13(12):1003-4. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70315-3. Epub 2013 Nov 17. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 19446918Tanner J, Khan D, Aplin C, Ball J, Thomas M, Bankart J. Post-discharge surveillance to identify colorectal surgical site infection rates and related costs. J Hosp Infect. 2009 Jul;72(3):243-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2009.03.021. Epub 2009 May 15.
- Background: PubMed 11247680Plowman R, Graves N, Griffin MA, Roberts JA, Swan AV, Cookson B, Taylor L. The rate and cost of hospital-acquired infections occurring in patients admitted to selected specialties of a district general hospital in England and the national burden imposed. J Hosp Infect. 2001 Mar;47(3):198-209. doi: 10.1053/jhin.2000.0881.
- Background: PubMed 15866006Coello R, Charlett A, Wilson J, Ward V, Pearson A, Borriello P. Adverse impact of surgical site infections in English hospitals. J Hosp Infect. 2005 Jun;60(2):93-103. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2004.10.019.
- Background: PubMed 18550218Smyth ET, McIlvenny G, Enstone JE, Emmerson AM, Humphreys H, Fitzpatrick F, Davies E, Newcombe RG, Spencer RC; Hospital Infection Society Prevalence Survey Steering Group. Four country healthcare associated infection prevalence survey 2006: overview of the results. J Hosp Infect. 2008 Jul;69(3):230-48. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2008.04.020. Epub 2008 Jun 11.
- Background: PubMed 25934019Meara JG, Greenberg SL. The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery Global surgery 2030: Evidence and solutions for achieving health, welfare and economic development. Surgery. 2015 May;157(5):834-5. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2015.02.009. No abstract available.
- GlobalSurg-II Project HubLink provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. Individual participant data will be made available upon request, to enable patient level meta-analysis
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Aneel Bhangu principal investigator
University of Birmingham
Ewen M Harrison principal investigator
University of Edinburgh
Edward Fitzgerald principal investigator
Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Surgical Wound Infection, run by University of Edinburgh at 2 sites in United Kingdom.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 22 May 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in United Kingdom. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Superficial incisional surgical site infection (SSI) (time frame: Within 30 days of surgery). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02662231, which also lists 15 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 22 May 2024.