Phantom Limb PainNCT02281539
Myoelectrically Controlled Augmented Reality and Gaming for the Treatment of Phantom Limb Pain
A study testing Neuromotus in people with Phantom Limb Pain, run by Integrum at 1 site in Sweden.
Trial summary
The goal of the clinical investigation is to reduce phantom limb pain (PLP), painful condition affecting 70% of amputees, so as to improve these patients' quality of life. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Phantom Limb Pain
- What is being tested?
- Neuromotus
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 14 participants
- Where
- 1 siteSweden
- Study dates
- Sep 2014to Jan 2016
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Amputee patients older than 18 years.
- The patient has signed a written informed consent.
- Patients must have been treated with at least one of the following therapies:
- Conventional mirror training
- Transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS)
- Acupuncture
Show all 11Show fewer
- Self-hypnosis
- Drug-based
- The last session of previous therapies (1 and 2) must be at least 1 month before beginning the treatment here proposed.
- In the case of drug-based treatments (5), the patient must report no PLP reduction for at least 1 month under the drug-based treatment and no variations on the medicaments dose. Any pain reduction potentially attributed to the drug-based treatment must be at least 3 months old.
- At least a portion of biceps and triceps muscles must be present.
Who cannot join
- Patient must not have a significant cognitive impairment that prevents them from following instructions.
- Upper limb amputees excluding shoulder disarticulation.
- Obese patient will not be automatically excluded, however, an evaluation in the system is required to analyse if sufficient electromyography signals can be recorded.
- Stump pain over 2 VAS of pain.
- Participating in any other clinical study that could interfere with the result in the ongoing study.
- Condition associated with risk of poor protocol compliance.
- Any other condition or symptoms preventing the patient from entering the study, according to the investigator´s judgement.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
The goal of the clinical investigation is to reduce phantom limb pain (PLP), painful condition affecting 70% of amputees, so as to improve these patients' quality of life.
Read the detailed description
The goal of the clinical investigation is to reduce phantom limb pain (PLP), a painful condition affecting 70% of amputees, so as to improve these patients' quality of life. Traditionally, mirror box therapy and other tools based on the same concept, have been used to alleviate pain, but their efficacy varies greatly. This project targets amputees for whom other PLP treatments have failed. Various virtual environments, including virtual/augmented reality, are controlled by the patient's phantom limb using muscle (myoelectric) signals from the stump. The patient learns to reactivates areas in the brain related to motor control of the missing limb.
The medical device is non-invasive and based on surface electromyography, a standard and widely used clinical and research tool. The surface electrodes are a standard disposable electrodes widely used in clinics and hospitals for EMG and/or ECG.
- Myoelectric amplifiers (battery operated and isolated from the power grid)
- Data acquisition electronics
- Personal computer
- Standard webcam
- Myoelectric pattern recognition (MPR) software
- Virtual Reality (VR)
- Augmented Reality (AR)
- Computer game
The clinical investigation period consists of 12 sessions per patient including 3 short follow-up assessments. Length of the session: 1.5 hours (the first sessions can take longer time due to learning/familiarization). The centers participating in this study can choose between the following treatment administrations:
- 2 times per week (advised)
- 1 time per week
- Daily (5 times per week)
- Conditions
- Phantom Limb Pain
- Being tested
- Neuromotus
- Keywords
- Phantom Limb Pain, Augmented Reality, Myoelectric control, Virtual reality, electromyography, pattern recognition, neurorehabilitation
- Medical subject headings
- Phantom Limb
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
NeuromotusDevice
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment using myoelectric signals | Experimental | Virtual- and augmented reality, are controlled by the patient's phantom limb using muscle (myoelectric) signals from the stump. The patient learns to reactivate areas in the brain related to motor control of the missing limb. The medical device is non-invasive and based on surface electromyography Receives: Device: Neuromotus |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Measuring the portion of patients that had a reduction of PLP according to the calculated weighted pain distribution (WPD)
Each patient is asked to estimate the time spent in a given level of pain (as by VAS). The WPD is the sum of the portion of time multiplied with the pain level (0 to 5). This can also be explained as weighted mean calculation. The time with a given level of pain can be estimated in minutes/hours and extrapolated to its corresponding portion from the total time. Phantom Limb pain, which is a chronic pain, is difficult to describe can not be assesst in a single point in time. That is why patients are asked to fill in the amount of time they spend in each level of pain.
Measured: 12 treatment sessions (up to 12 weeks) + follow up (6months). Time frame will be total of 9 months.
Secondary outcomes (4)
Descriptive analysis on the effect of the proposed treatment on quality of life, disability at the activity and participation levels.(DASH/COPM/EQ-5D)
Questionnaires are answered before the first treatment and after the last treatment. Patients will also answer the questionnaires for a follow-up.
Measured: 12 treatment sessions (up to 12 weeks) + follow up (6months). Time frame will be total of 9 months.
Measure the portion of patients that had a reduction of PLP with the use of visual analog scale and reduction on the "pain rating index".
For the Pain Rating Index (PRI), each selected word is scored from 0 (none) to 5 (Excruciating pain). The total Pain Rating Index score is obtained by summing the item scores and higher score indicates worse pain.
Measured: 12 treatment sessions (up to 12 weeks) + follow up (6months). Time frame will be total of 9 months.
Descriptive analysis on the effect of the proposed treatment in medicaments intake
questionnaires compared
Measured: 12 treatment sessions (up to 12 weeks) + follow up (6months). Time frame will be total of 9 months.
Patients having the same treatment administration will be classified in subgroups and their results compared.
questionnaires compared
Measured: 12 treatment sessions (up to 12 weeks) + follow up (6months). Time frame will be total of 9 months.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted3 Nov 2014 (estimated)
- Study startSep 2014
- Primary completionSep 2015
- Study completionJan 2016
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Phantom Limb PainStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 14 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Integrum
- Sponsor type
- Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Collaborators
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Örebro County, Bräcke diakoni Rehabcenter Sfären, University Rehabilitation Institute, Republic of Slovenia
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Rickard Brånemark, MD MSC, PhD, Study chair, Integrum ABKerstin Caine-Winterberger, OT, Principal investigator, Rehabilitation Center for Upper Limb Prosthetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02281539
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- PLP-004664
- Status last verified
- May 2016
- First submitted
- 12 Oct 2014
- Last updated
- 27 May 2016
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
Publications
Ortiz-Catalan M, Sander N, Kristoffersen MB, Hakansson B, Branemark R. Treatment of phantom limb pain (PLP) based on augmented reality and gaming controlled by myoelectric pattern recognition: a case study of a chronic PLP patient. Front Neurosci. 2014 Feb 25;8:24. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2014.00024. eCollection 2014.
PubMed 24616655Ortiz-Catalan M, Guethmundsdottir RA, Kristoffersen MB, Zepeda-Echavarria A, Caine-Winterberger K, Kulbacka-Ortiz K, Widehammar C, Eriksson K, Stockselius A, Ragno C, Pihlar Z, Burger H, Hermansson L. Phantom motor execution facilitated by machine learning and augmented reality as treatment for phantom limb pain: a single group, clinical trial in patients with chronic intractable phantom limb pain. Lancet. 2016 Dec 10;388(10062):2885-2894. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31598-7. Epub 2016 Dec 2.
PubMed 27916234
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 May 2016. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Myoelectrically Controlled Augmented Reality and Gaming for the Treatment of Phantom Limb Pain
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02281539
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- PLP-004664
- Conditions
- Phantom Limb Pain
- Keywords
- Phantom Limb Pain, Augmented Reality, Myoelectric control, Virtual reality, electromyography, pattern recognition, neurorehabilitation
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 14 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- IntegrumIndustry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Collaborators
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Örebro County, Bräcke diakoni Rehabcenter Sfären, University Rehabilitation Institute, Republic of Slovenia
- Study start
- Sep 2014
- Primary completion
- Sep 2015 (actual)
- Study completion
- Jan 2016 (actual)
- First posted
- 3 Nov 2014 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of the clinical investigation is to reduce phantom limb pain (PLP), painful condition affecting 70% of amputees, so as to improve these patients' quality of life.
Detailed description
The goal of the clinical investigation is to reduce phantom limb pain (PLP), a painful condition affecting 70% of amputees, so as to improve these patients' quality of life. Traditionally, mirror box therapy and other tools based on the same concept, have been used to alleviate pain, but their efficacy varies greatly. This project targets amputees for whom other PLP treatments have failed. Various virtual environments, including virtual/augmented reality, are controlled by the patient's phantom limb using muscle (myoelectric) signals from the stump. The patient learns to reactivates areas in the brain related to motor control of the missing limb.
The medical device is non-invasive and based on surface electromyography, a standard and widely used clinical and research tool. The surface electrodes are a standard disposable electrodes widely used in clinics and hospitals for EMG and/or ECG.
- Myoelectric amplifiers (battery operated and isolated from the power grid)
- Data acquisition electronics
- Personal computer
- Standard webcam
- Myoelectric pattern recognition (MPR) software
- Virtual Reality (VR)
- Augmented Reality (AR)
- Computer game
The clinical investigation period consists of 12 sessions per patient including 3 short follow-up assessments. Length of the session: 1.5 hours (the first sessions can take longer time due to learning/familiarization). The centers participating in this study can choose between the following treatment administrations:
- 2 times per week (advised)
- 1 time per week
- Daily (5 times per week)
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment using myoelectric signals | Experimental | Device: NeuromotusVirtual- and augmented reality, are controlled by the patient's phantom limb using muscle (myoelectric) signals from the stump. The patient learns to reactivate areas in the brain related to motor control of the missing limb. The medical device is non-invasive and based on surface electromyography |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (11 listed)
- Amputee patients older than 18 years.
- The patient has signed a written informed consent.
- Patients must have been treated with at least one of the following therapies:
- The last session of previous therapies (1 and 2) must be at least 1 month before beginning the treatment here proposed.
- In the case of drug-based treatments (5), the patient must report no PLP reduction for at least 1 month under the drug-based treatment and no variations on the medicaments dose. Any pain reduction potentially attributed to the drug-based treatment must be at least 3 months old.
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Patient must not have a significant cognitive impairment that prevents them from following instructions.
- Upper limb amputees excluding shoulder disarticulation.
- Obese patient will not be automatically excluded, however, an evaluation in the system is required to analyse if sufficient electromyography signals can be recorded.
- Stump pain over 2 VAS of pain.
- Participating in any other clinical study that could interfere with the result in the ongoing study.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Neuromotus | Device | Treatment using myoelectric signals |
Primary outcome
Measuring the portion of patients that had a reduction of PLP according to the calculated weighted pain distribution (WPD)
Time frame: 12 treatment sessions (up to 12 weeks) + follow up (6months). Time frame will be total of 9 months.
Each patient is asked to estimate the time spent in a given level of pain (as by VAS). The WPD is the sum of the portion of time multiplied with the pain level (0 to 5). This can also be explained as weighted mean calculation. The time with a given level of pain can be estimated in minutes/hours and extrapolated to its corresponding portion from the total time. Phantom Limb pain, which is a chronic pain, is difficult to describe can not be assesst in a single point in time. That is why patients are asked to fill in the amount of time they spend in each level of pain.
4 secondary outcomes
Descriptive analysis on the effect of the proposed treatment on quality of life, disability at the activity and participation levels.(DASH/COPM/EQ-5D)
Time frame: 12 treatment sessions (up to 12 weeks) + follow up (6months). Time frame will be total of 9 months.
Measure the portion of patients that had a reduction of PLP with the use of visual analog scale and reduction on the "pain rating index".
Time frame: 12 treatment sessions (up to 12 weeks) + follow up (6months). Time frame will be total of 9 months.
Descriptive analysis on the effect of the proposed treatment in medicaments intake
Time frame: 12 treatment sessions (up to 12 weeks) + follow up (6months). Time frame will be total of 9 months.
Patients having the same treatment administration will be classified in subgroups and their results compared.
Time frame: 12 treatment sessions (up to 12 weeks) + follow up (6months). Time frame will be total of 9 months.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 May 2016.
- Results publication: PubMed 24616655Ortiz-Catalan M, Sander N, Kristoffersen MB, Hakansson B, Branemark R. Treatment of phantom limb pain (PLP) based on augmented reality and gaming controlled by myoelectric pattern recognition: a case study of a chronic PLP patient. Front Neurosci. 2014 Feb 25;8:24. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2014.00024. eCollection 2014.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 27916234Ortiz-Catalan M, Guethmundsdottir RA, Kristoffersen MB, Zepeda-Echavarria A, Caine-Winterberger K, Kulbacka-Ortiz K, Widehammar C, Eriksson K, Stockselius A, Ragno C, Pihlar Z, Burger H, Hermansson L. Phantom motor execution facilitated by machine learning and augmented reality as treatment for phantom limb pain: a single group, clinical trial in patients with chronic intractable phantom limb pain. Lancet. 2016 Dec 10;388(10062):2885-2894. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31598-7. Epub 2016 Dec 2.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Rickard Brånemark, MD MSC, PhD study chair
Integrum AB
Kerstin Caine-Winterberger, OT principal investigator
Rehabilitation Center for Upper Limb Prosthetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Neuromotus in people with Phantom Limb Pain, run by Integrum at 1 site in Sweden.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 11 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 May 2016. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Sweden. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Measuring the portion of patients that had a reduction of PLP according to the calculated weighted pain distribution (WPD) (time frame: 12 treatment sessions (up to 12 weeks) + follow up (6months). Time frame will be total of 9 months.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02281539, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 May 2016.