Multiple MyelomaPhase 3NCT02136134
Addition of Daratumumab to Combination of Bortezomib and Dexamethasone in Participants With Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
A Phase 3 study testing Daratumumab, VELCADE (Bortezomib) and Dexamethasone in people with Multiple Myeloma, run by Janssen Research & Development, LLC at 105 sites in 15 countries.
Trial summary
The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of administration of daratumumab when combined with VELCADE (bortezomib) and dexamethasone compared with bortezomib and dexamethasone alone, for participants with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Multiple Myeloma
- What is being tested?
- Daratumumab, VELCADE (Bortezomib) and Dexamethasone
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine, Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 498 participants
- Where
- 105 sitesin 15 countries
- Study dates
- 15 Aug 2014to 10 Jan 2024
- Phase
- Phase 3
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Must have had documented multiple myeloma
- Must have received at least 1 prior line of therapy for multiple myeloma
- Must have had documented evidence of progressive disease as defined based on Investigator's determination of response of International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria on or after their last regimen
- Must have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status score of 0, 1, or 2
- Must have achieved a response (partial response [PR] or better based on investigator's determination of response by the IMWG criteria) to at least 1 prior regimen in the past
Who cannot join
- Has received daratumumab or other anti-CD38 therapies previously
- Is refractory to VELCADE or another PI, like ixazomib and carfilzomib (had progression of disease while receiving VELCADE therapy or within 60 days of ending VELCADE therapy or another PI therapy, like ixazomib and carfilzomib
- Is intolerant to VELCADE (ie, discontinued due to any adverse event while on VELCADE treatment)
- Has received anti-myeloma treatment within 2 weeks or 5 pharmacokinetic half-lives of the treatment, whichever is longer, before the date of randomization. The only exception is emergency use of a short course of corticosteroids (equivalent of dexamethasone 40 milligram per day [mg/day] for a maximum of 4 days) before treatment. A list of anti-myeloma treatments with the corresponding pharmacokinetic half-lives is provided in the Site Investigational Product Procedures Manual (IPPM).
- Has a history of malignancy (other than multiple myeloma) within 3 years before the date of randomization
- Has any concurrent medical condition or disease (eg, active systemic infection) that is likely to interfere with study procedures
Trial locations and contacts
105 sites in 15 countries.
105 sites in 15 countries
United States17 sites
Study site
Atlanta, Georgia
Study site
Birmingham, Alabama
Study site
Boston, Massachusetts
Study site
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Study site
Jacksonville, Florida
Study site
Lansing, Michigan
Study site
Los Angeles, California
Study site
Marrero, Louisiana
Study site
New York, New York
Study site
Niles, Illinois
Study site
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Study site
Portland, Oregon
Study site
Providence, Rhode Island
Study site
Seattle, Washington
Study site
Stamford, Connecticut
Study site
Topeka, Kansas
Study site
Westwood, Kansas
Germany12 sites
Study site
Bamberg
Study site
Berlin
Study site
Düsseldorf
Study site
Freiburg im Breisgau
Study site
Göttingen
Study site
Hamburg
Study site
Mainz
Study site
München
Study site
Stuttgart
Study site
Tübingen
Study site
Ulm
Study site
Würzburg
Russia9 sites
Study site
Krasnodar
Study site
Moscow
Study site
Nizhny Novgorod
Study site
Penza
Study site
Pyatigorsk
Study site
Ryazan
Study site
Samara
Study site
Sochi
Study site
Syktyvkar
Netherlands8 sites
Study site
Alkmaar
Study site
Amersfoort
Study site
Dordrecht
Study site
Groningen
Study site
Leiden
Study site
Maastricht
Study site
Nijmegen
Study site
The Hague
Sweden8 sites
Study site
Linköping
Study site
Luleå
Study site
Lund
Study site
Örebro
Study site
Sundsvall
Study site
Umeå
Study site
Uppsala
Study site
Västerås
Ukraine8 sites
Study site
Cherkasy
Study site
Dnipro
Study site
Ivano-Frankivsk
Study site
Kiev
Study site
Lviv
Study site
Poltava
Study site
Vinnitsa
Study site
Zaporizhzhya
Australia7 sites
Study site
Adelaide
Study site
Concord
Study site
Fitzroy
Study site
Hobart
Study site
Melbourne
Study site
Nedlands
Study site
Woodville South
Turkey (Türkiye)6 sites
Study site
Ankara
Study site
Istanbul
Study site
Izmir
Study site
Kayseri
Study site
Kocaeli
Study site
Malatya
Hungary5 sites
Study site
Budapest
Study site
Debrecen
Study site
Győr
Study site
Pécs
Study site
Veszprém
Poland5 sites
Study site
Chorzów
Study site
Katowice
Study site
Krakow
Study site
Poznan
Study site
Warsaw
South Korea5 sites
Study site
Busan
Study site
Hwasun
Study site
Seoul
Study site
Suwon
Study site
Ulsan
Spain5 sites
Study site
Madrid
Study site
Salamanca
Study site
San Sebastián de los Reyes
Study site
Toledo
Study site
Valencia
Brazil4 sites
Study site
Barretos
Study site
Porto Alegre
Study site
Salvador
Study site
São Paulo
Czechia4 sites
Study site
Brno
Study site
Hradec Králové
Study site
Ostrava-Poruba
Study site
Prague
About this study
Official title: Phase 3 Study Comparing Daratumumab, Bortezomib and Dexamethasone (DVd) vs Bortezomib and Dexamethasone (Vd) in Subjects With Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of administration of daratumumab when combined with VELCADE (bortezomib) and dexamethasone compared with bortezomib and dexamethasone alone, for participants with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.
Read the detailed description
This is an open-label (physicians and participants know the identity of the assigned treatment), randomized (the study medication is assigned by chance), multicenter, active-controlled study comparing daratumumab, VELCADE, and dexamethasone (DVd) with VELCADE and dexamethasone (Vd) in participants with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Approximately 480 participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either DVd or Vd. Randomization will be stratified by International Staging System (ISS), number of prior treatment programs (1 vs. 2 or 3 vs. >3), and prior VELCADE treatment ("no" vs. "yes"). Within each stratum, participants will be randomized to one of the treatment groups.The study will consist of a Screening Phase, a Treatment Phase, and a Follow-up Phase. Participants will be treated until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or other reasons to discontinue the study.
- Conditions
- Multiple Myeloma
- Being tested
- Daratumumab, VELCADE (Bortezomib), Dexamethasone
- Keywords
- Multiple Myeloma, Plasmacytoma, Refractory Multiple Myeloma, Relapsed Multiple Myeloma, Daratumumab, VELCADE
- Medical subject headings
- Multiple Myeloma, Plasmacytoma
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
DaratumumabDrug
Daratumumab will be administered as an IV infusion or 16 mg/kg weekly for the first 3 cycles, on Day 1 of Cycles 4-9, and then every 4 weeks thereafter. As per protocol amendment-6 participants receiving treatment with daratumumab IV will have the option to switch to daratumumab SC 1800 mg on Day 1 of any cycle, at the discretion of the investigator.
VELCADE (Bortezomib)Drug
Also called VELCADE
VELCADE will be administered at a dose of 1.3 mg/m2 subcutaneously (SC) on Days 1, 4, 8 and 11 of each 21-day cycle. Eight VELCADE treatment cycles are to be administered.
DexamethasoneDrug
Dexamethasone will be administered orally at 20 mg on Days 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11 and 12 of the first 8 VELCADE treatment cycles.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Daratumumab+VELCADE+dexamethasone | Experimental | Daratumumab, VELCADE and dexamethasone Receives: Drug: Daratumumab; Drug: VELCADE (Bortezomib); Drug: Dexamethasone |
| VELCADE+dexamethasone | Active comparator | VELCADE and dexamethasone. Receives: Drug: VELCADE (Bortezomib); Drug: Dexamethasone |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Progression-free Survival (PFS)
PFS was defined as duration from date of randomization to either progressive disease (PD)/death, whichever occurred first. PD was defined as meeting any one of following criteria: Increase of greater than equal to (>=)25 percent (%) in level of serum M-protein from lowest response value and absolute increase must be >=0.5 gram per deciliter (g/dL); Increase of >=25% in 24-hour urinary light chain excretion (urine M-protein) from lowest response value and absolute increase must be >=200 mg/24hours; Only in participants without measurable serum and urine M-protein levels: increase of >=25% in difference between involved and uninvolved FLC levels from lowest response value and absolute increase must be >10 mg/dL; Definite increase in size of existing bone lesions or soft tissue plasmacytomas; Definite development of new bone lesions or soft tissue plasmacytomas; Development of hypercalcemia (corrected serum calcium >11.5 mg/dL) that can be attributed solely to PC proliferative disorder.
Measured: From the date of randomization to either progressive disease or death, whichever occurred first (approximately 1 year 4 months)
Secondary outcomes (5)
Time to Disease Progression (TTP)
TTP was defined as time from date of randomization to date of first documented evidence of progressive disease (PD). PD was defined as meeting any one of following criteria: Increase of >=25% in level of serum M-protein from lowest response value and absolute increase must be >=0.5 g/dL; Increase of >=25% in 24-hour urinary light chain excretion (urine M-protein) from lowest response value and absolute increase must be >=200 mg/24hours; Only in participants without measurable serum and urine M-protein levels: increase of >=25% in difference between involved and uninvolved free light chain (FLC) levels from lowest response value and absolute increase must be >10 milligram per deciliter (mg/dL); Definite increase in size of existing bone lesions or soft tissue plasmacytomas; Definite development of new bone lesions or soft tissue plasmacytomas; Development of hypercalcemia (corrected serum calcium >11.5 mg/dL) that can be attributed solely to Plasma Cell (PC) proliferative disorder.
Measured: From the date of randomization to the date of first documented evidence of progression or death due to PD whichever occurred first (approximately 6 years 9 months)
Percentage of Participants With a Very Good Partial Response (VGPR) or Better
Response rate of VGPR or better was defined as the percentage of participants who achieved VGPR and CR (including sCR) according to the IMWG criteria during or after the study treatment. IMWG criteria for VGPR: Serum and urine M-component detectable by immunofixation but not on electrophoresis, or >=90% reduction in serum M-protein plus urine M-protein <100 mg/24 hours, if the serum and urine M-protein are not measurable, a decrease of >90% in the difference between involved and uninvolved FLC levels is required in place of the M-protein criteria, in addition to the above criteria, if present at baseline, a >=50% reduction in the size of soft tissue plasmacytomas is also required; CR: Negative immunofixation on the serum and urine, disappearance of any soft tissue plasmacytomas, and <5% PCs in bone marrow; sCR: CR and normal FLC ratio, absence of clonal PCs by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence or 2 to 4 color flow cytometry.
Measured: Up to disease progression (approximately 6 years 9 months)
Overall Response Rate (ORR)
The Overall response rate was defined as the percentage of participants who achieved stringent complete response (sCR), complete response (CR), very good partial response (VGPR), or partial response (PR) according to the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria, during the study or during follow up. IMWG criteria for PR: >=50% reduction of serum M-protein and reduction in 24 hour urinary M-protein by >=90% or to <200 mg/24 hours, if the serum and urine M-protein are not measurable, a decrease of >=50% in the difference between involved and uninvolved FLC levels is required in place of the M-protein criteria, in addition to the above criteria, if present at baseline, a >=50% reduction in the size of soft tissue plasmacytomas is also required.
Measured: Up to disease progression (approximately 6 years 9 months)
Percentage of Participants With Negative Minimal Residual Disease (MRD)
The Minimal Residual Disease negativity rate was defined as the percentage of participants who had negative MRD assessment at any timepoint after the first dose of study drugs by evaluation of bone marrow aspirates or whole blood. MRD was assessed in participants who achieved complete response or stringent complete response (CR/sCR). IMWG criteria for CR: Negative immunofixation on the serum and urine, disappearance of any soft tissue plasmacytomas, and <5% PCs in bone marrow; sCR: CR plus normal FLC ratio, absence of clonal PCs by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence or 2 to 4 color flow cytometry.
Measured: Up to disease progression (approximately 6 years 9 months)
Overall Survival (OS)
Overall Survival was measured from the date of randomization to the date of the participant's death.
Measured: Up to 6 years 9 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted12 May 2014 (estimated)
- Study start15 Aug 2014
- Primary completion11 Jan 2016
- Study completion10 Jan 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (9)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Multiple MyelomaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Janssen Research & Development, LLCThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 3
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 498 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC
- Sponsor type
- Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC Clinical trial, Study director, Janssen Research & Development, LLC
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02136134
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- CR103995
- Other IDs
- 2014-000255-85, 54767414MMY3004, 2014
- Status last verified
- Aug 2025
- First submitted
- 1 May 2014
- Last updated
- 29 Aug 2025
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Almansour SA, Alqudah MAY, Abuhelwa Z, Al-Shamsi HO, Alhuraiji A, Semreen MH, Bustanji Y, Alzoubi KH, Modi ND, Mckinnon RA, Sorich MJ, Hopkins AM, Abuhelwa AY. Antithrombotic utilization, adverse events, and associations with treatment outcomes in multiple myeloma: pooled analysis of three clinical trials. Ther Adv Med Oncol. 2024 Sep 2;16:17588359241275387. doi: 10.1177/17588359241275387. eCollection 2024.
PubMed 39229471Spencer A, Moreau P, Mateos MV, Goldschmidt H, Suzuki K, Levin MD, Sonneveld P, Orlowski RZ, Yoon SS, Usmani SZ, Weisel K, Reece D, Ahmadi T, Pei H, Mayo WG, Gai X, Carey J, Bartlett JB, Carson R, Dimopoulos MA. Daratumumab for patients with myeloma with early or late relapse after initial therapy: subgroup analysis of CASTOR and POLLUX. Blood Adv. 2024 Jan 23;8(2):388-398. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010579.
PubMed 38048391Sonneveld P, Chanan-Khan A, Weisel K, Nooka AK, Masszi T, Beksac M, Spicka I, Hungria V, Munder M, Mateos MV, Mark TM, Levin MD, Ahmadi T, Qin X, Garvin Mayo W, Gai X, Carey J, Carson R, Spencer A. Overall Survival With Daratumumab, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone in Previously Treated Multiple Myeloma (CASTOR): A Randomized, Open-Label, Phase III Trial. J Clin Oncol. 2023 Mar 10;41(8):1600-1609. doi: 10.1200/JCO.21.02734. Epub 2022 Nov 22.
PubMed 36413710He J, Berringer H, Heeg B, Ruan H, Kampfenkel T, Dwarakanathan HR, Johnston S, Mendes J, Lam A, Bathija S, Mackay EK. Indirect Treatment Comparison of Daratumumab, Pomalidomide, and Dexamethasone Versus Standard of Care in Patients with Difficult-to-Treat Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma. Adv Ther. 2022 Sep;39(9):4230-4249. doi: 10.1007/s12325-022-02226-x. Epub 2022 Jul 22.
PubMed 35876974Cavo M, San-Miguel J, Usmani SZ, Weisel K, Dimopoulos MA, Avet-Loiseau H, Paiva B, Bahlis NJ, Plesner T, Hungria V, Moreau P, Mateos MV, Perrot A, Iida S, Facon T, Kumar S, van de Donk NWCJ, Sonneveld P, Spencer A, Krevvata M, Heuck C, Wang J, Ukropec J, Kobos R, Sun S, Qi M, Munshi N. Prognostic value of minimal residual disease negativity in myeloma: combined analysis of POLLUX, CASTOR, ALCYONE, and MAIA. Blood. 2022 Feb 10;139(6):835-844. doi: 10.1182/blood.2021011101.
PubMed 34289038Avet-Loiseau H, San-Miguel J, Casneuf T, Iida S, Lonial S, Usmani SZ, Spencer A, Moreau P, Plesner T, Weisel K, Ukropec J, Chiu C, Trivedi S, Amin H, Krevvata M, Ramaswami P, Qin X, Qi M, Sun S, Qi M, Kobos R, Bahlis NJ. Evaluation of Sustained Minimal Residual Disease Negativity With Daratumumab-Combination Regimens in Relapsed and/or Refractory Multiple Myeloma: Analysis of POLLUX and CASTOR. J Clin Oncol. 2021 Apr 1;39(10):1139-1149. doi: 10.1200/JCO.20.01814. Epub 2021 Jan 29.
PubMed 33513030Weisel K, Spencer A, Lentzsch S, Avet-Loiseau H, Mark TM, Spicka I, Masszi T, Lauri B, Levin MD, Bosi A, Hungria V, Cavo M, Lee JJ, Nooka A, Quach H, Munder M, Lee C, Barreto W, Corradini P, Min CK, Chanan-Khan AA, Horvath N, Capra M, Beksac M, Ovilla R, Jo JC, Shin HJ, Sonneveld P, Casneuf T, DeAngelis N, Amin H, Ukropec J, Kobos R, Mateos MV. Daratumumab, bortezomib, and dexamethasone in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: subgroup analysis of CASTOR based on cytogenetic risk. J Hematol Oncol. 2020 Aug 20;13(1):115. doi: 10.1186/s13045-020-00948-5.
PubMed 32819447Mateos MV, Spencer A, Nooka AK, Pour L, Weisel K, Cavo M, Laubach JP, Cook G, Iida S, Benboubker L, Usmani SZ, Yoon SS, Bahlis NJ, Chiu C, Ukropec J, Schecter JM, Qin X, O'Rourke L, Dimopoulos MA. Daratumumab-based regimens are highly effective and well tolerated in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma regardless of patient age: subgroup analysis of the phase 3 CASTOR and POLLUX studies. Haematologica. 2020 Jan 31;105(2):468-477. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2019.217448. Print 2020.
PubMed 31221782Palumbo A, Chanan-Khan A, Weisel K, Nooka AK, Masszi T, Beksac M, Spicka I, Hungria V, Munder M, Mateos MV, Mark TM, Qi M, Schecter J, Amin H, Qin X, Deraedt W, Ahmadi T, Spencer A, Sonneveld P; CASTOR Investigators. Daratumumab, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone for Multiple Myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2016 Aug 25;375(8):754-66. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1606038.
PubMed 27557302