BacteremiaNCT01898208
Rapid Identification and Susceptibility Testing of Pathogens From Blood Cultures
A study testing FilmArray testing, Antimicrobial Stewardship and Bacterial culture in people with Bacteremia and Fungemia, run by Mayo Clinic at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
Would rapid identification of bacteria and rapid detection of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) (using an FDA-cleared assay) in positive blood culture bottles improve patient care at Mayo Clinic Rochester (or just lead to increased cost)? Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages Up to 99 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Bacteremia, Fungemia, Bloodstream Infection
- What is being tested?
- FilmArray testing, Antimicrobial Stewardship and Bacterial culture
- Type of treatment
- Medical device, Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 743 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- Aug 2013to Aug 2014
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Up to 99 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Positive blood culture during the study period.
- No positive blood cultures in prior 7 days
- Minnesota state research authorization provided
Who cannot join
- No Minnesota state research authorization
- Deceased or transitioned to comfort care within 24 hours of enrollment
- Positive blood culture in prior 7 days
- Previously enrolled in this study
- Negative Gram stain
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
Mayo Clinic in Rochester
Rochester, Minnesota, 55905
About this study
Official title: Rapid Identification and Susceptibility Testing of Pathogens Growing in Blood Culture Bottles - A Quality Improvement Theragnostic Stewardship Project
Would rapid identification of bacteria and rapid detection of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) (using an FDA-cleared assay) in positive blood culture bottles improve patient care at Mayo Clinic Rochester (or just lead to increased cost)?
Read the detailed description
We hypothesize that the FilmArray Blood Culture ID Panel will reduce the duration of empiric broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy typically administered in patients who have positive blood cultures, improving clinical outcome and reducing cost. To test this hypothesis we propose a prospective, randomized controlled study comparing outcomes among patients with positive blood cultures who receive either: Standard culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) of positive blood culture bottles as is done today (control), standard culture and AST of positive blood culture bottles plus the FilmArray Blood Culture ID Panel (intervention group 1), or standard culture and AST of positive blood culture bottles plus the FilmArray Blood Culture ID Panel testing along with expert infectious diseases phone consultation (intervention group 2). In both intervention groups, results of the FilmArray test will be communicated by phone to the primary service, along with templated comments about optimal antimicrobial therapy, based on the result. (Templated comments will also be used in the control group). In intervention group 2, an infectious diseases pharmacist or physician will provide patient-specific recommendations to modify antimicrobial therapy, if appropriate, based on microbiology results and clinical information obtained through medical record review and discussion with the primary service.
- Conditions
- Bacteremia, Fungemia, Bloodstream Infection
- Being tested
- FilmArray testing, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Bacterial culture, Susceptibility testing
- Keywords
- Bacteremia, Fungemia, Bloodstream infection, susceptibility, MRSA, VRE
- Medical subject headings
- Bacteremia, Fungemia, Sepsis, Disease Susceptibility
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
FilmArray testingDevice
Also called FilmArray Blood Culture Identification Panel
FilmArray Blood Culture Identification (BCID) Panel is a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) panel that identifies 19 types of bacteria, 5 types of fungi, and select antimicrobial-resistance genes.
Antimicrobial StewardshipBehavioural
Real time antimicrobial stewardship: an infectious diseases pharmacist or physician will provide patient-specific recommendations to modify antimicrobial therapy.
Bacterial cultureOther
This test identifies the pathogen responsible for an infection.
Susceptibility testingOther
Antibiotic susceptibility testing determines the susceptibility of a bacterial strain to a specific antibiotic or a panel of antibiotics. Antibiotic susceptibility testing determines the susceptibility of a bacterial strain to a specific antibiotic or a panel of antibiotics.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Control | Experimental | Standard Mayo practices (bacterial culture and susceptibility testing) will be used. FilmArray testing will not be performed. Receives: Other: Bacterial culture; Other: Susceptibility testing |
| FilmArray test | Experimental | Standard Mayo practices will be used AND FilmArray testing will be performed. Results of the FilmArray Blood Culture ID Panel test will be communicated to the service by phone in real-time, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Receives: Device: FilmArray testing; Other: Bacterial culture; Other: Susceptibility testing |
| FilmArray plus antimicrobial stewardship | Experimental | Standard Mayo practices will be used. FilmArray testing will be performed and reported as above, for intervention group 1. IN ADDITION, an expert will review the subject's FilmArray Blood Culture ID Panel result and medical record and contact the primary service if a modification of antimicrobial therapy may be appropriate. Receives: Device: FilmArray testing; Behavioral: Antimicrobial Stewardship; Other: Bacterial culture; Other: Susceptibility testing |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Duration of Antimicrobial Therapy (Hours)
Difference between the date and time of the antibiotic start order (or Gram stain-positive blood culture, if antibiotics were started prior to the positive culture result) and the date and time of the antibiotic stop order. Shorter duration of broad spectrum antibiotics and longer duration of narrow-spectrum antibiotics were considered favorable outcomes.
Measured: Approximately 4 days after enrollment
Secondary outcomes (10)
Time From Positive Gram Stain to First Active Antibiotic
From positive Gram stain to start of active antibiotic among patients not on active therapy at enrollment; excludes subjects with contaminated blood cultures.
Measured: Approximately 14 days after positive blood culture
Time to First Appropriate De-escalation or First Appropriate Escalation of Antibiotics
De-escalation included discontinuation of 1 or more antibiotics and/or switching from a broad- to a narrow spectrum antibiotic. Escalation included initiation of 1 or more antibiotics and/or switching from a narrow- to a broad-spectrum antibiotic.
Measured: Positive Gram stain, 96 hours after enrollment
Percent of Contaminated Blood Cultures Not Treated or Treated for Less Than 24 Hours
Contaminated blood cultures were defined as growth of organisms such as coagulase-negative staphylococci from a single blood culture set when greater than or equal to 2 blood culture sets were collected, except among subjects suspected to have true bacteremia associated with central venous catheters or devices.
Measured: Within 14 days after positive blood culture
Time to Pathogen Identification
Measured: Approximately 14 days after positive blood culture
Number of Subjects Who Had Negative Blood Cultures Within 3 Days After Enrollment
Measured: 3 Days after enrollment
Length of Entire Hospitalization (Days)
Measured: Participants were followed for the duration of hospital stay, approximately 15 days
All-cause and Attributable Mortality
If records of death were incomplete, mortality was determined using Accurint (LexisNexis, Philadelphia, PA), an internet research and location service.
Measured: 30 days after positive blood culture
Number of Subjects With Antibiotic-Associated Toxicities/Adverse Events
This included all adverse events that occurred within 2 weeks following enrollment and were documented in the medical record.
Measured: Approximately 14 days after positive blood culture
Percentage of Subjects With Infectious Disease Consultation Within 72 Hours of Enrollment
Measured: Approximately within 72 hours of positive blood culture
Mean Total Hospitalization, Laboratory Test, and Antimicrobials Costs Per Subject
Costs were calculated using a standardized inflation-adjusted estimate of costs for each service or procedure performed in constant dollars. This approach adjusts for hospital-billed charges with Medicare Cost Report department-level cost-to-charge ratios. Physician services were proxied with Medicare reimbursement rates based on Current Procedure Terminology (CPT)-4 codes using the Medicare Fee Schedule. We did not include the cost of the stewardship program in the cost analysis, as it is not a billed service. As there was no Medicare reimbursement rate for the rmPCR test at the time of the study, test cost was proxied using the FilmArray respiratory panel. These costs were varied in sensitivity analysis with rmPCR test cost ranging from a 50% decrease to a 300% increase.
Measured: Approximately 7 days after positive blood culture and for duration of entire hospitalization
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted12 Jul 2013 (estimated)
- Study startAug 2013
- Primary completionAug 2014
- Study completionAug 2014
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for BacteremiaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Mayo ClinicThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Diagnosis
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 743 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Mayo Clinic
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS)
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Ritu Banerjee, M.D., Ph.D., Mayo Clinic
- Investigators
- Robin Patel, MD, Principal investigator, Mayo ClinicRitu Banerjee, MD, Ph.D, Principal investigator, Mayo Clinic
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01898208
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 11-006920
- Other IDs
- UM1AI104681, KL2TR000136
- Status last verified
- Feb 2016
- First submitted
- 8 Jul 2013
- Last updated
- 15 Mar 2016
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Banerjee R, Teng CB, Cunningham SA, Ihde SM, Steckelberg JM, Moriarty JP, Shah ND, Mandrekar JN, Patel R. Randomized Trial of Rapid Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Blood Culture Identification and Susceptibility Testing. Clin Infect Dis. 2015 Oct 1;61(7):1071-80. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ447. Epub 2015 Jul 20.
PubMed 26197846
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 15 Mar 2016. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Rapid Identification and Susceptibility Testing of Pathogens Growing in Blood Culture Bottles - A Quality Improvement Theragnostic Stewardship Project
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01898208
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 11-006920
- Conditions
- Bacteremia, Fungemia, Bloodstream Infection
- Keywords
- Bacteremia, Fungemia, Bloodstream infection, susceptibility, MRSA, VRE
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 743 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Mayo ClinicUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS)
- Study start
- Aug 2013
- Primary completion
- Aug 2014 (actual)
- Study completion
- Aug 2014 (actual)
- First posted
- 12 Jul 2013 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 15 Mar 2016
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Would rapid identification of bacteria and rapid detection of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) (using an FDA-cleared assay) in positive blood culture bottles improve patient care at Mayo Clinic Rochester (or just lead to increased cost)?
Detailed description
We hypothesize that the FilmArray Blood Culture ID Panel will reduce the duration of empiric broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy typically administered in patients who have positive blood cultures, improving clinical outcome and reducing cost. To test this hypothesis we propose a prospective, randomized controlled study comparing outcomes among patients with positive blood cultures who receive either: Standard culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) of positive blood culture bottles as is done today (control), standard culture and AST of positive blood culture bottles plus the FilmArray Blood Culture ID Panel (intervention group 1), or standard culture and AST of positive blood culture bottles plus the FilmArray Blood Culture ID Panel testing along with expert infectious diseases phone consultation (intervention group 2). In both intervention groups, results of the FilmArray test will be communicated by phone to the primary service, along with templated comments about optimal antimicrobial therapy, based on the result. (Templated comments will also be used in the control group). In intervention group 2, an infectious diseases pharmacist or physician will provide patient-specific recommendations to modify antimicrobial therapy, if appropriate, based on microbiology results and clinical information obtained through medical record review and discussion with the primary service.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Diagnosis
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Control | Experimental | Other: Bacterial culture, Other: Susceptibility testingStandard Mayo practices (bacterial culture and susceptibility testing) will be used. FilmArray testing will not be performed. |
| FilmArray test | Experimental | Device: FilmArray testing, Other: Bacterial culture, Other: Susceptibility testingStandard Mayo practices will be used AND FilmArray testing will be performed. Results of the FilmArray Blood Culture ID Panel test will be communicated to the service by phone in real-time, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. |
| FilmArray plus antimicrobial stewardship | Experimental | Device: FilmArray testing, Behavioral: Antimicrobial Stewardship, Other: Bacterial culture, Other: Susceptibility testingStandard Mayo practices will be used. FilmArray testing will be performed and reported as above, for intervention group 1. IN ADDITION, an expert will review the subject's FilmArray Blood Culture ID Panel result and medical record and contact the primary service if a modification of antimicrobial therapy may be appropriate. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- Up to 99 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Positive blood culture during the study period.
- No positive blood cultures in prior 7 days
- Minnesota state research authorization provided
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- No Minnesota state research authorization
- Deceased or transitioned to comfort care within 24 hours of enrollment
- Positive blood culture in prior 7 days
- Previously enrolled in this study
- Negative Gram stain
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| FilmArray testingAlso: FilmArray Blood Culture Identification PanelFilmArray Blood Culture Identification (BCID) Panel is a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) panel that identifies 19 types of bacteria, 5 types of fungi, and select antimicrobial-resistance genes. | Device | FilmArray plus antimicrobial stewardship, FilmArray test |
| Antimicrobial StewardshipReal time antimicrobial stewardship: an infectious diseases pharmacist or physician will provide patient-specific recommendations to modify antimicrobial therapy. | Behavioural | FilmArray plus antimicrobial stewardship |
| Bacterial cultureThis test identifies the pathogen responsible for an infection. | Other | Control, FilmArray plus antimicrobial stewardship, FilmArray test |
| Susceptibility testingAntibiotic susceptibility testing determines the susceptibility of a bacterial strain to a specific antibiotic or a panel of antibiotics. Antibiotic susceptibility testing determines the susceptibility of a bacterial strain to a specific antibiotic or a panel of antibiotics. | Other | Control, FilmArray plus antimicrobial stewardship, FilmArray test |
Primary outcome
Duration of Antimicrobial Therapy (Hours)
Time frame: Approximately 4 days after enrollment
Difference between the date and time of the antibiotic start order (or Gram stain-positive blood culture, if antibiotics were started prior to the positive culture result) and the date and time of the antibiotic stop order. Shorter duration of broad spectrum antibiotics and longer duration of narrow-spectrum antibiotics were considered favorable outcomes.
10 secondary outcomes
Time From Positive Gram Stain to First Active Antibiotic
Time frame: Approximately 14 days after positive blood culture
Time to First Appropriate De-escalation or First Appropriate Escalation of Antibiotics
Time frame: Positive Gram stain, 96 hours after enrollment
Percent of Contaminated Blood Cultures Not Treated or Treated for Less Than 24 Hours
Time frame: Within 14 days after positive blood culture
Time to Pathogen Identification
Time frame: Approximately 14 days after positive blood culture
Number of Subjects Who Had Negative Blood Cultures Within 3 Days After Enrollment
Time frame: 3 Days after enrollment
Length of Entire Hospitalization (Days)
Time frame: Participants were followed for the duration of hospital stay, approximately 15 days
All-cause and Attributable Mortality
Time frame: 30 days after positive blood culture
Number of Subjects With Antibiotic-Associated Toxicities/Adverse Events
Time frame: Approximately 14 days after positive blood culture
Percentage of Subjects With Infectious Disease Consultation Within 72 Hours of Enrollment
Time frame: Approximately within 72 hours of positive blood culture
Mean Total Hospitalization, Laboratory Test, and Antimicrobials Costs Per Subject
Time frame: Approximately 7 days after positive blood culture and for duration of entire hospitalization
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 15 Mar 2016.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Results publication: PubMed 26197846Banerjee R, Teng CB, Cunningham SA, Ihde SM, Steckelberg JM, Moriarty JP, Shah ND, Mandrekar JN, Patel R. Randomized Trial of Rapid Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Blood Culture Identification and Susceptibility Testing. Clin Infect Dis. 2015 Oct 1;61(7):1071-80. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ447. Epub 2015 Jul 20.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Robin Patel, MD principal investigator
Mayo Clinic
Ritu Banerjee, MD, Ph.D principal investigator
Mayo Clinic
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing FilmArray testing, Antimicrobial Stewardship and Bacterial culture in people with Bacteremia and Fungemia, run by Mayo Clinic at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 15 Mar 2016. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 15 Mar 2016). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Duration of Antimicrobial Therapy (Hours) (time frame: Approximately 4 days after enrollment). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01898208, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 15 Mar 2016.