SurgeryNCT01890707
Intravenous Sedation Versus General Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Minor Gynecologic Surgery
A study testing General Anesthesia and Deep Sedation in people with Surgery and Anesthesia, run by Northwestern University at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
The use of deep sedation may improve the quality of recovery of patients undergoing minor gynecologic procedures. These patients may also have shorter hospital stays and potentially lower healthcare costs. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older, women only
- Conditions the study is for
- Surgery, Anesthesia, Pain
- What is being tested?
- General Anesthesia and Deep Sedation
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion, Surgery or procedure
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 19 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 19 Oct 2012to 17 Apr 2014
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- Women only
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Female patients undergoing second trimester abortions:
- Pregnancy: 12-24 weeks gestational size
- ASA PS I and II
- No history of diabetes mellitus, GERD or sleep apnea
- Age: > 18 years of age
- Fluent in English
Who cannot join
- ASA PSIII, Emergency surgery
- Pregnancy: > 24 weeks gestational size
- Age: < 18 years of age
- Diabetes mellitus
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease
- Hiatal hernia
Show all 16Show fewer
- Obstructive sleep apnea
- Coagulopathy
- Chronic pain syndromes
- Chronic opioid dependency
- Alcohol or illicit drug abuse
- BMI: > 35Kg/m2
- Allergy to study protocol drugs
- Drop out criteria:
- Subjects withdrawal of consent.
- Subjects who experience massive bleeding intraoperatively, will be excluded from the final data analysis
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: A Comparison of the Effect of Intravenous Sedation Versus General Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Minor Gynecologic Surgery
The use of deep sedation may improve the quality of recovery of patients undergoing minor gynecologic procedures. These patients may also have shorter hospital stays and potentially lower healthcare costs. Additionally, the use of deep sedation for second trimester pregnancy termination may be associated with less bleeding, a smaller decrease in perioperative hemoglobin and better quality of recovery.
Read the detailed description
Once consent for the study has been obtained subjects will be randomly allocated into 2 groups, using a computer generated table of random numbers. Anesthetic management will be standardized (Appendix 1, 2). Group A (study group) will receive deep sedation . Group B (control group) will receive general anesthesia. Subjects will be instructed preoperatively, on the proper use of the verbal rating scale (VRS) for pain and nausea scores. All patients routinely have a blood count checked preoperatively and based on the results are either screened for cross matched for potential transfusion. All subjects will complete the POMS questionnaire preoperatively.
Gestational size will be determined by the surgeon preoperatively using the most recent ultrasound measurements.
Participants will undergo a standard pre-operative evaluation, laboratory testing and laminaria insertion one day prior to surgery in the Family Planning and Contraception Clinic. All subjects will receive a prescription for ibuprofen 600mg and hydrocodone/acetaminophen 5/325mg with standardized instructions to take the last oral dose no later than six hours before the operative time. The last dose medication and time of administration will be recorded.
Intraoperative management:
A standardized intraoperative anesthetic protocol will be utilized by the anesthesia personnel (Appendix #1, 2).Clinical management of excessive intraoperative bleeding will be at the discretion of the anesthesiologist.
Intraoperative red blood cell loss will be estimated based on hematacrit of the contents of suction canister. The surgical field will be draped carefully so that all blood lost will either be collected in the suction canister or the pocket of the vaginal drape, so that it can also be suction into the canister prior to obtaining the laboratory sample. Every attempt will be made by the surgeons to keep all unaccounted blood loss to gloves, instruments, drapes, surgery table and OR floor, to a minimum. The suction tubing will be rinsed with50 mls of saline at the end of the procedure.
All participants will receive a standard paracervical block of 20ml. of 1% lidocaine with 5 units of vasopressin. Further uterotonics or surgical intervention for excessive bleeding will be at the discretion of the surgeon and documented in study data sheets.
Postoperative management:
Immediately postoperatively the surgeon of record will be asked to rate the quality of the anesthesia provided to the patient. He / she will complete a Surgeon Satisfaction with Intraoperative Sedation survey. (Appendix # 3)
In the recovery room, VRS for pain will be assessed upon admission and at 30 minute intervals thereafter. Analgesics will be administered according to the severity of the pain. Subjects will receive oral analgesics unless they are unable to take oral analgesics, in which case IV hydromorphone will be administered.
Vomiting and retching episodes will be assessed at 30 minute intervals using a VRS, and patients with scores greater than 4 or those who request antiemetic treatment will be treated with ondansetron 4mg IV.
Postoperative blood loss will be measured by weighing the patient dressings with a precision computerized scale system prior to discarding them. Prior to the subjects discharge from the facility, a drop of venous blood will be obtained from the existing intravenous catheter, for measurement hemoglobin. Hemoglobin determination of less than 8 gms/dL, will be verified with the hospital laboratory. Management decisions will be made in conjunction with the surgeon, based on the subject's clinical status.
Recovery from anesthesia and return of psychomotor ability will be assessed using the Modified Post Anesthesia Discharge Scoring System (MPADSS, see Appendix #6). A score of > 9 will indicate discharge readiness. Discharge readiness requires that a patient be awake and alert with stable vital signs, able to ambulate without assistance, and free of side effects.
Times from end of surgery to oral intake and readiness for discharge, and all adverse events and medications administered will be recorded. Subjects will be contacted by telephone 24 hours after surgery to obtain post-discharge data, including a QoR-40 assessment and a Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index survey (PSQI).
Discharge analgesia and antiemetic medications will be standardized.
- Conditions
- Surgery, Anesthesia, Pain
- Being tested
- General Anesthesia, Deep Sedation
- Keywords
- Gynecology, Pain, Anesthesia, Quality of Recovery 40
- Medical subject headings
- Pain
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
General AnesthesiaProcedure or surgery
Administer: Fentanyl:1mcg/kg prior to induction, additional doses to maintain blood pressure and heart rate within 20% of preoperative values, Propofol:2mg/kg,succinylcholine, 0.5mg/kg,to be followed with Rocuronium if necessary,bolus: 0.4mg/kg, Sevoflurane and oxygen to be titrated to maintain BIS value of 40-60.
Deep SedationProcedure or surgery
IV administration of Propofol,initial rate 100ug/kg/min, titrated to maintain BIS 65-75,Fentanyl,Ketamine,1mcg/kg,0.5mg/kg,additional 10mg increments for analgesia/movement.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Deep Sedation | Active comparator | Deep sedation Receives: Procedure: Deep Sedation |
| General Anesthesia | Other | Administration of general anesthesia. Propofol given IV, succinylcholine and rocuronium given IV and Sevoflurane via the endotracheal tube. Receives: Procedure: General Anesthesia |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Quality of Recovery - 40 Scores
The patients self reported quality of recovery - 40 scores as completed 24 hours after the surgical procedure.
40 questions regarding the recovery of patients on a 1 poor-5 excellent scale. Total score on scale 40 (poor recovery)-200 (excellent recovery)
Measured: 24 hours
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted2 Jul 2013 (estimated)
- Study start19 Oct 2012
- Primary completion15 Apr 2014
- Study completion17 Apr 2014
Why it stopped: Change in procedure.
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (12)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for SurgeryStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Northwestern UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 19 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Northwestern University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Shireen Ahmad, Northwestern University
- Investigators
- Shireen Ahmad, M.D., Principal investigator, Northwestern University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01890707
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- STU00062431
- Status last verified
- Dec 2019
- First submitted
- 1 Jun 2012
- Last updated
- 2 Jan 2020
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Sa Rego MM, White PF. What is new in monitored anesthesia care? Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 1998 Dec;11(6):601-6. doi: 10.1097/00001503-199811000-00003.
PubMed 17013278Sa Rego MM, Watcha MF, White PF. The changing role of monitored anesthesia care in the ambulatory setting. Anesth Analg. 1997 Nov;85(5):1020-36. doi: 10.1097/00000539-199711000-00012. No abstract available.
PubMed 9356094Song D, Greilich NB, White PF, Watcha MF, Tongier WK. Recovery profiles and costs of anesthesia for outpatient unilateral inguinal herniorrhaphy. Anesth Analg. 2000 Oct;91(4):876-81. doi: 10.1097/00000539-200010000-00020.
PubMed 11004041Snyder SK, Roberson CR, Cummings CC, Rajab MH. Local Anesthesia With Monitored Anesthesia Care vs General Anesthesia in Thyroidectomy: A Randomized Study. Arch Surg. 2006 Feb;141(2):167-73. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.141.2.167.
PubMed 16490894Scarborough DA, Herron JB, Khan A, Bisaccia E. Experience with more than 5,000 cases in which monitored anesthesia care was used for liposuction surgery. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2003 Nov-Dec;27(6):474-80. doi: 10.1007/s00266-003-3043-9. Epub 2004 Mar 4.
PubMed 14994165Eldor L, Weissman A, Fodor L, Carmi N, Ullmann Y. Breast augmentation under general anesthesia versus monitored anesthesia care: a retrospective comparative study. Ann Plast Surg. 2008 Sep;61(3):243-6. doi: 10.1097/SAP.0b013e31815bfe98.
PubMed 18724120EDWARDS G, MORTON HJ, PASK EA, WYLIE WD. Deaths associated with anaesthesia; a report on 1,000 cases. Anaesthesia. 1956 Jul;11(3):194-220. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1956.tb07975.x. No abstract available.
PubMed 13340197Warner MA, Shields SE, Chute CG. Major morbidity and mortality within 1 month of ambulatory surgery and anesthesia. JAMA. 1993 Sep 22-29;270(12):1437-41. doi: 10.1001/jama.270.12.1437.
PubMed 8371443Aldrete JA, Kroulik D. A postanesthetic recovery score. Anesth Analg. 1970 Nov-Dec;49(6):924-34. No abstract available.
PubMed 5534693White PF. Criteria for fast-tracking outpatients after ambulatory surgery. J Clin Anesth. 1999 Feb;11(1):78-9. doi: 10.1016/s0952-8180(98)00119-6. No abstract available.
PubMed 10396724Chung F, Chan VW, Ong D. A post-anesthetic discharge scoring system for home readiness after ambulatory surgery. J Clin Anesth. 1995 Sep;7(6):500-6. doi: 10.1016/0952-8180(95)00130-a.
PubMed 8534468Wong J, Tong D, De Silva Y, Abrishami A, Chung F. Development of the functional recovery index for ambulatory surgery and anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 2009 Mar;110(3):596-602. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e318197a16d.
PubMed 19212260
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 2 Jan 2020. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Comparison of the Effect of Intravenous Sedation Versus General Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Minor Gynecologic Surgery
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01890707
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- STU00062431
- Conditions
- Surgery, Anesthesia, Pain
- Keywords
- Gynecology, Pain, Anesthesia, Quality of Recovery 40
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- TerminatedReason stopped: Change in procedure.
- Enrolment
- 19 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Northwestern UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 19 Oct 2012 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Apr 2014 (actual)
- Study completion
- 17 Apr 2014 (actual)
- First posted
- 2 Jul 2013 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 2 Jan 2020
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The use of deep sedation may improve the quality of recovery of patients undergoing minor gynecologic procedures. These patients may also have shorter hospital stays and potentially lower healthcare costs. Additionally, the use of deep sedation for second trimester pregnancy termination may be associated with less bleeding, a smaller decrease in perioperative hemoglobin and better quality of recovery.
Detailed description
Once consent for the study has been obtained subjects will be randomly allocated into 2 groups, using a computer generated table of random numbers. Anesthetic management will be standardized (Appendix 1, 2). Group A (study group) will receive deep sedation . Group B (control group) will receive general anesthesia. Subjects will be instructed preoperatively, on the proper use of the verbal rating scale (VRS) for pain and nausea scores. All patients routinely have a blood count checked preoperatively and based on the results are either screened for cross matched for potential transfusion. All subjects will complete the POMS questionnaire preoperatively.
Gestational size will be determined by the surgeon preoperatively using the most recent ultrasound measurements.
Participants will undergo a standard pre-operative evaluation, laboratory testing and laminaria insertion one day prior to surgery in the Family Planning and Contraception Clinic. All subjects will receive a prescription for ibuprofen 600mg and hydrocodone/acetaminophen 5/325mg with standardized instructions to take the last oral dose no later than six hours before the operative time. The last dose medication and time of administration will be recorded.
Intraoperative management:
A standardized intraoperative anesthetic protocol will be utilized by the anesthesia personnel (Appendix #1, 2).Clinical management of excessive intraoperative bleeding will be at the discretion of the anesthesiologist.
Intraoperative red blood cell loss will be estimated based on hematacrit of the contents of suction canister. The surgical field will be draped carefully so that all blood lost will either be collected in the suction canister or the pocket of the vaginal drape, so that it can also be suction into the canister prior to obtaining the laboratory sample. Every attempt will be made by the surgeons to keep all unaccounted blood loss to gloves, instruments, drapes, surgery table and OR floor, to a minimum. The suction tubing will be rinsed with50 mls of saline at the end of the procedure.
All participants will receive a standard paracervical block of 20ml. of 1% lidocaine with 5 units of vasopressin. Further uterotonics or surgical intervention for excessive bleeding will be at the discretion of the surgeon and documented in study data sheets.
Postoperative management:
Immediately postoperatively the surgeon of record will be asked to rate the quality of the anesthesia provided to the patient. He / she will complete a Surgeon Satisfaction with Intraoperative Sedation survey. (Appendix # 3)
In the recovery room, VRS for pain will be assessed upon admission and at 30 minute intervals thereafter. Analgesics will be administered according to the severity of the pain. Subjects will receive oral analgesics unless they are unable to take oral analgesics, in which case IV hydromorphone will be administered.
Vomiting and retching episodes will be assessed at 30 minute intervals using a VRS, and patients with scores greater than 4 or those who request antiemetic treatment will be treated with ondansetron 4mg IV.
Postoperative blood loss will be measured by weighing the patient dressings with a precision computerized scale system prior to discarding them. Prior to the subjects discharge from the facility, a drop of venous blood will be obtained from the existing intravenous catheter, for measurement hemoglobin. Hemoglobin determination of less than 8 gms/dL, will be verified with the hospital laboratory. Management decisions will be made in conjunction with the surgeon, based on the subject's clinical status.
Recovery from anesthesia and return of psychomotor ability will be assessed using the Modified Post Anesthesia Discharge Scoring System (MPADSS, see Appendix #6). A score of > 9 will indicate discharge readiness. Discharge readiness requires that a patient be awake and alert with stable vital signs, able to ambulate without assistance, and free of side effects.
Times from end of surgery to oral intake and readiness for discharge, and all adverse events and medications administered will be recorded. Subjects will be contacted by telephone 24 hours after surgery to obtain post-discharge data, including a QoR-40 assessment and a Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index survey (PSQI).
Discharge analgesia and antiemetic medications will be standardized.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind (participant, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Deep Sedation | Active comparator | Procedure: Deep SedationDeep sedation |
| General Anesthesia | Other | Procedure: General AnesthesiaAdministration of general anesthesia. Propofol given IV, succinylcholine and rocuronium given IV and Sevoflurane via the endotracheal tube. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Female patients undergoing second trimester abortions:
- Pregnancy: 12-24 weeks gestational size
- ASA PS I and II
- No history of diabetes mellitus, GERD or sleep apnea
- Age: > 18 years of age
Key exclusion criteria (16 listed)
- ASA PSIII, Emergency surgery
- Pregnancy: > 24 weeks gestational size
- Age: < 18 years of age
- Diabetes mellitus
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| General AnesthesiaAdminister: Fentanyl:1mcg/kg prior to induction, additional doses to maintain blood pressure and heart rate within 20% of preoperative values, Propofol:2mg/kg,succinylcholine, 0.5mg/kg,to be followed with Rocuronium if necessary,bolus: 0.4mg/kg, Sevoflurane and oxygen to be titrated to maintain BIS value of 40-60. | Procedure or surgery | General Anesthesia |
| Deep SedationIV administration of Propofol,initial rate 100ug/kg/min, titrated to maintain BIS 65-75,Fentanyl,Ketamine,1mcg/kg,0.5mg/kg,additional 10mg increments for analgesia/movement. | Procedure or surgery | Deep Sedation |
Primary outcome
Quality of Recovery - 40 Scores
Time frame: 24 hours
The patients self reported quality of recovery - 40 scores as completed 24 hours after the surgical procedure. 40 questions regarding the recovery of patients on a 1 poor-5 excellent scale. Total score on scale 40 (poor recovery)-200 (excellent recovery)
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 2 Jan 2020.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Background: PubMed 17013278Sa Rego MM, White PF. What is new in monitored anesthesia care? Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 1998 Dec;11(6):601-6. doi: 10.1097/00001503-199811000-00003.
- Background: PubMed 9356094Sa Rego MM, Watcha MF, White PF. The changing role of monitored anesthesia care in the ambulatory setting. Anesth Analg. 1997 Nov;85(5):1020-36. doi: 10.1097/00000539-199711000-00012. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 11004041Song D, Greilich NB, White PF, Watcha MF, Tongier WK. Recovery profiles and costs of anesthesia for outpatient unilateral inguinal herniorrhaphy. Anesth Analg. 2000 Oct;91(4):876-81. doi: 10.1097/00000539-200010000-00020.
- Background: PubMed 16490894Snyder SK, Roberson CR, Cummings CC, Rajab MH. Local Anesthesia With Monitored Anesthesia Care vs General Anesthesia in Thyroidectomy: A Randomized Study. Arch Surg. 2006 Feb;141(2):167-73. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.141.2.167.
- Background: PubMed 14994165Scarborough DA, Herron JB, Khan A, Bisaccia E. Experience with more than 5,000 cases in which monitored anesthesia care was used for liposuction surgery. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2003 Nov-Dec;27(6):474-80. doi: 10.1007/s00266-003-3043-9. Epub 2004 Mar 4.
- Background: PubMed 18724120Eldor L, Weissman A, Fodor L, Carmi N, Ullmann Y. Breast augmentation under general anesthesia versus monitored anesthesia care: a retrospective comparative study. Ann Plast Surg. 2008 Sep;61(3):243-6. doi: 10.1097/SAP.0b013e31815bfe98.
- Background: PubMed 13340197EDWARDS G, MORTON HJ, PASK EA, WYLIE WD. Deaths associated with anaesthesia; a report on 1,000 cases. Anaesthesia. 1956 Jul;11(3):194-220. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1956.tb07975.x. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 8371443Warner MA, Shields SE, Chute CG. Major morbidity and mortality within 1 month of ambulatory surgery and anesthesia. JAMA. 1993 Sep 22-29;270(12):1437-41. doi: 10.1001/jama.270.12.1437.
- Background: PubMed 5534693Aldrete JA, Kroulik D. A postanesthetic recovery score. Anesth Analg. 1970 Nov-Dec;49(6):924-34. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 10396724White PF. Criteria for fast-tracking outpatients after ambulatory surgery. J Clin Anesth. 1999 Feb;11(1):78-9. doi: 10.1016/s0952-8180(98)00119-6. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 8534468Chung F, Chan VW, Ong D. A post-anesthetic discharge scoring system for home readiness after ambulatory surgery. J Clin Anesth. 1995 Sep;7(6):500-6. doi: 10.1016/0952-8180(95)00130-a.
- Background: PubMed 19212260Wong J, Tong D, De Silva Y, Abrishami A, Chung F. Development of the functional recovery index for ambulatory surgery and anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 2009 Mar;110(3):596-602. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e318197a16d.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Shireen Ahmad, M.D. principal investigator
Northwestern University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing General Anesthesia and Deep Sedation in people with Surgery and Anesthesia, run by Northwestern University at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 16 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: stopped early, as of the sponsor's last update on 2 Jan 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 2 Jan 2020). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Quality of Recovery - 40 Scores (time frame: 24 hours). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01890707, which also lists 12 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 2 Jan 2020.