Chronic Fatigue SyndromePhase 2NCT01512342
Pacing Activity Self-management for Patients With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
A Phase 2 study testing Pacing and relaxation therapy in people with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, run by Vrije Universiteit Brussel at 1 site in Belgium.
Trial summary
Given the lack of evidence in support of pacing self-management for patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), it is examined whether physical behavior and health status of patients with CFS improve in response to a pacing self-management program. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 years, women only
- Conditions the study is for
- Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
- What is being tested?
- Pacing and relaxation therapy
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 33 participants
- Where
- 1 siteBelgium
- Study dates
- Aug 2011to Aug 2014
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- Women only
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- adult
- age range between 18 and 65 years of age
- female gender
- willing to sign informed consent form
- fulfilling the 1994 Centre for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for the diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome
Who cannot join
- Not fulfilling each of the inclusion criteria listed above.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Pacing Activity Self-management for Patients With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Given the lack of evidence in support of pacing self-management for patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), it is examined whether physical behavior and health status of patients with CFS improve in response to a pacing self-management program. The effects of pacing will be compared with those observed when applying relaxation therapy to patients with CFS.
Read the detailed description
Given the lack of evidence in support of pacing self-management for patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), it is examined whether physical behavior and health status of patients with CFS improve in response to a pacing self-management program. The effects of pacing will be compared with those observed when applying relaxation therapy to patients with CFS.
According to the power calculation, 36 patients fulfilling the 1994 Centre for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for the diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) will be randomized to either 3 weeks of pacing activity self-management or relaxation therapy. Both treatment groups will receive 3 weekly sessions spread over 3 consecutive weeks. All treatments will be delivered by occupational therapists or physiotherapists. One treatment session lasts for about 45 minutes each.
Outcome measures include the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), Medical Outcomes Short Form 37 Health Status Survey (SF-36), Checklist Individual Strength (CIS), CFS Symptom List and autonomic activity at rest and following 3 activities of daily living (writing a standardized test on a laptop computer, ironing, and climbing 26 flights of stairs). For measuring autonomic activity, the Nexus 10 device (Mind Media, the Netherlands) will be used. Skin conductance, body temperature, heart rate, blood volume pressure and heart rate variability will be measured continuously in real time during a 2 minutes period, with the patient sitting on a chair (back supported and hands resting on legs). Electrodes will be placed on the left hand in all patients.
- Conditions
- Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
- Being tested
- Pacing, relaxation therapy
- Keywords
- pacing, activity management, relaxation, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, autonomic nervous system
- Medical subject headings
- Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
PacingBehavioural
Also called activity self-management, activity management, adaptive pacing
3 one-on-one sessions weekly for 3 consecutive weeks
relaxation therapyBehavioural
Also called stress managament, Jacobson relaxation, visualisation, Schultz relaxation
3 one-on-one sessions weekly for 3 consecutive weeks
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Pacing | Experimental | The pacing self-management program focussed on teaching the patient to estimate their current physical capabilities prior to commencing an activity. In order to appropriately pace activities (daily activities and exercise bouts), CFS patients were learned to estimate their current physical capabilities prior to commencing an activity, keeping in mind the regular fluctuating nature of their symptoms. The activity duration used within the program was less than that reported by the patient so to account for typical overestimations made by the patient. Each activity block was interspersed with breaks, with the length of this break equating to the duration of the activity. Receives: Behavioral: Pacing |
| relaxation therapy | Active comparator | Relaxation therapy comprised of education about the role of stress in CFS biology, and the opportunities stress management provides to handle this issue. Patients were then taught how to apply stress management techniques like Jacobson relaxation skills, Schultz relaxation skills, visualization, etc. Receives: Behavioral: relaxation therapy |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
the change in score on the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM)
well-validated, reliable and frequently used outcome measure semi-structered interview
Measured: measured at baseline (week 1) and post-treatment (week 5)
Secondary outcomes (4)
the change in subscale scores on the Medical Outcomes Short Form 37 Health Status Survey (SF-36)
The SF-36 assesses functional status and well-being or quality of life. The SF-36 has been documented to have reliability and validity in a wide variety of patient populations and it is the most frequently used measure in CFS research.
Measured: measured at baseline (week 1) and post-treatment (week 5)
the change in Ckecklist Individual Strength (CIS)
The CIS aims at assessing the subjective fatigue experience, concentration difficulties, motivation and physical activity. Higher scores on the CIS correspond to severe fatigue, many concentration difficulties, problems with motivation and a low level of physical activity. Its psychometric properties are well established.
Measured: measured at baseline (week 1) and post-treatment (week 5)
the change in CFS Symptom List
The CFS Symptom List is a self-reported measure for assessing symptom severity in CFS patients. In order to assess the severity of the symptoms included in the CFS Symptom List, visual analogue scales (100 mm) are used. Psychometric work supporting the use of the CFS Symptom List has been published.
Measured: measured at baseline (week 1) and post-treatment (week 5)
the change in autonomic activity at rest and following 3 activities of daily living
The 3 activities of daily living entail writing a standardized test on a laptop computer, ironing, and climbing 26 flights of stairs. For measuring autonomic activity, the Nexus 10 device (Mind Media, the Netherlands) will be used. Skin conductance, body temperature, heart rate, blood volume pressure and heart rate variability will be measured continuously in real time during a 2 minutes period, with the patient sitting on a chair (back supported and hands resting on legs). Electrodes will be placed on the left hand in all patients.
Measured: measured at baseline (week 1) and post-treatment (week 5)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted19 Jan 2012 (estimated)
- Study startAug 2011
- Primary completionJun 2014
- Study completionAug 2014
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (4)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Chronic Fatigue SyndromeStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Vrije Universiteit BrusselThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 33 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Artesis University College, Antwerp, Universiteit Antwerpen, University Hospital, Antwerp
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Jo Nijs, Vrije Universiteit Brussel
- Investigators
- Daphne Kos, PhD, Study director, Artesis University College Antwerp, Belgium
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01512342
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- PacingCFS
- Other IDs
- Artesis University College
- Status last verified
- Dec 2015
- First submitted
- 10 Jan 2012
- Last updated
- 17 Dec 2015
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
Publications
Nijs J, van Eupen I, Vandecauter J, Augustinus E, Bleyen G, Moorkens G, Meeus M. Can pacing self-management alter physical behavior and symptom severity in chronic fatigue syndrome? A case series. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2009;46(7):985-96. doi: 10.1682/jrrd.2009.01.0007.
PubMed 20104421Nijs J, Paul L, Wallman K. Chronic fatigue syndrome: an approach combining self-management with graded exercise to avoid exacerbations. J Rehabil Med. 2008 Apr;40(4):241-7. doi: 10.2340/16501977-0185.
PubMed 18382818Meeus M, van Eupen I, van Baarle E, De Boeck V, Luyckx A, Kos D, Nijs J. Symptom fluctuations and daily physical activity in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: a case-control study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2011 Nov;92(11):1820-6. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2011.06.023.
PubMed 22032215Larun L, Brurberg KG, Odgaard-Jensen J, Price JR. Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024 Dec 19;12(12):CD003200. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003200.pub9.
PubMed 39697147
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 17 Dec 2015. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Pacing Activity Self-management for Patients With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01512342
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- PacingCFS
- Conditions
- Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
- Keywords
- pacing, activity management, relaxation, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, autonomic nervous system
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 33 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Vrije Universiteit BrusselUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Artesis University College, Antwerp, Universiteit Antwerpen, University Hospital, Antwerp
- Study start
- Aug 2011
- Primary completion
- Jun 2014 (actual)
- Study completion
- Aug 2014 (actual)
- First posted
- 19 Jan 2012 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Given the lack of evidence in support of pacing self-management for patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), it is examined whether physical behavior and health status of patients with CFS improve in response to a pacing self-management program. The effects of pacing will be compared with those observed when applying relaxation therapy to patients with CFS.
Detailed description
Given the lack of evidence in support of pacing self-management for patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), it is examined whether physical behavior and health status of patients with CFS improve in response to a pacing self-management program. The effects of pacing will be compared with those observed when applying relaxation therapy to patients with CFS.
According to the power calculation, 36 patients fulfilling the 1994 Centre for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for the diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) will be randomized to either 3 weeks of pacing activity self-management or relaxation therapy. Both treatment groups will receive 3 weekly sessions spread over 3 consecutive weeks. All treatments will be delivered by occupational therapists or physiotherapists. One treatment session lasts for about 45 minutes each.
Outcome measures include the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), Medical Outcomes Short Form 37 Health Status Survey (SF-36), Checklist Individual Strength (CIS), CFS Symptom List and autonomic activity at rest and following 3 activities of daily living (writing a standardized test on a laptop computer, ironing, and climbing 26 flights of stairs). For measuring autonomic activity, the Nexus 10 device (Mind Media, the Netherlands) will be used. Skin conductance, body temperature, heart rate, blood volume pressure and heart rate variability will be measured continuously in real time during a 2 minutes period, with the patient sitting on a chair (back supported and hands resting on legs). Electrodes will be placed on the left hand in all patients.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Pacing | Experimental | Behavioral: PacingThe pacing self-management program focussed on teaching the patient to estimate their current physical capabilities prior to commencing an activity. In order to appropriately pace activities (daily activities and exercise bouts), CFS patients were learned to estimate their current physical capabilities prior to commencing an activity, keeping in mind the regular fluctuating nature of their symptoms. The activity duration used within the program was less than that reported by the patient so to account for typical overestimations made by the patient. Each activity block was interspersed with breaks, with the length of this break equating to the duration of the activity. |
| relaxation therapy | Active comparator | Behavioral: relaxation therapyRelaxation therapy comprised of education about the role of stress in CFS biology, and the opportunities stress management provides to handle this issue. Patients were then taught how to apply stress management techniques like Jacobson relaxation skills, Schultz relaxation skills, visualization, etc. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- adult
- age range between 18 and 65 years of age
- female gender
- willing to sign informed consent form
- fulfilling the 1994 Centre for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for the diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Not fulfilling each of the inclusion criteria listed above.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| PacingAlso: activity self-management, activity management, adaptive pacing3 one-on-one sessions weekly for 3 consecutive weeks | Behavioural | Pacing |
| relaxation therapyAlso: stress managament, Jacobson relaxation, visualisation, Schultz relaxation3 one-on-one sessions weekly for 3 consecutive weeks | Behavioural | relaxation therapy |
Primary outcome
the change in score on the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM)
Time frame: measured at baseline (week 1) and post-treatment (week 5)
well-validated, reliable and frequently used outcome measure semi-structered interview
4 secondary outcomes
the change in subscale scores on the Medical Outcomes Short Form 37 Health Status Survey (SF-36)
Time frame: measured at baseline (week 1) and post-treatment (week 5)
the change in Ckecklist Individual Strength (CIS)
Time frame: measured at baseline (week 1) and post-treatment (week 5)
the change in CFS Symptom List
Time frame: measured at baseline (week 1) and post-treatment (week 5)
the change in autonomic activity at rest and following 3 activities of daily living
Time frame: measured at baseline (week 1) and post-treatment (week 5)
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 17 Dec 2015.
- Background: PubMed 20104421Nijs J, van Eupen I, Vandecauter J, Augustinus E, Bleyen G, Moorkens G, Meeus M. Can pacing self-management alter physical behavior and symptom severity in chronic fatigue syndrome? A case series. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2009;46(7):985-96. doi: 10.1682/jrrd.2009.01.0007.
- Background: PubMed 18382818Nijs J, Paul L, Wallman K. Chronic fatigue syndrome: an approach combining self-management with graded exercise to avoid exacerbations. J Rehabil Med. 2008 Apr;40(4):241-7. doi: 10.2340/16501977-0185.
- Background: PubMed 22032215Meeus M, van Eupen I, van Baarle E, De Boeck V, Luyckx A, Kos D, Nijs J. Symptom fluctuations and daily physical activity in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: a case-control study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2011 Nov;92(11):1820-6. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2011.06.023.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 39697147Larun L, Brurberg KG, Odgaard-Jensen J, Price JR. Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024 Dec 19;12(12):CD003200. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003200.pub9.
- International Pain in Motion research groupLink provided by the sponsor.
Related trials for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Enrolling by invitationEarly Phase 1
Truway Diagnostic Tools in Primary Care
Chronic Disease, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), Obesity, Overweight
Recruiting
Whole-body Cryotherapy in Those With Chronic Fatigue: A Feasibility Study
ME/CFS, Fibromyalgia (FM)
Not yet recruitingPhase 3
The Study of Brave-LC LDN Treatment Trial
Post-acute COVID-19 Syndrome
Active, not recruiting
Long COVID Brain Fog: Cognitive Rehabilitation Trial
Long COVID, Brain Fog
Recruiting
ME/CFS Brain Fog: Cognitive Rehabilitation Trial
ME/CFS, ME/CFS Following EBV-associated Infectious Mononucleosis
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Daphne Kos, PhD study director
Artesis University College Antwerp, Belgium
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing Pacing and relaxation therapy in people with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, run by Vrije Universiteit Brussel at 1 site in Belgium.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 17 Dec 2015. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Belgium. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
the change in score on the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) (time frame: measured at baseline (week 1) and post-treatment (week 5)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01512342, which also lists 4 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 17 Dec 2015.