Anogenital WartsVIVANCT01387412
The Role of Genital Warts in HIV Acquisition in Peru
An observational study of Anogenital Warts and HIV, run by University of California, Los Angeles at 1 site in Peru.
Trial summary
The primary objective of this study is to determine the role of genital warts (GW) on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) acquisition among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Peru. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 40 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Anogenital Warts, HIV
- How many people
- 600 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePeru
- Study dates
- Apr 2012to Sep 2015
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 40 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Study population: Community sample
Who may be able to join
- Anatomical males 18-40 years of age,
- Self-reported anal sex with another man within 12 months prior to enrollment,
- Willing to provide informed consent for the collection of demographic and sexual behavior data, as well as blood for HIV and Syphilis testing, swabs of anal mucosa for HPV testing and urine for Chlamydia testing,
- Resident of metropolitan Lima.
Who cannot join
- Prior participation in an HPV vaccine clinical trial,
- Prior participation in an HIV vaccine clinical trial,
- Presence of a known immunodeficiency that increases risk of acquiring HIV.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: The Role of Genital Warts in HIV Acquisition Among MSM in Peru"
The primary objective of this study is to determine the role of genital warts (GW) on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) acquisition among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Peru. The secondary objectives are to determine Human Papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in HIV positive MSM in Peru, risk factors associated with GW, and the knowledge of HPV and HIV among MSM.
Read the detailed description
Persons with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection are at higher risk of becoming infected with the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) compared to those who are HIV negative. The contrary is also true: individuals infected with HPV may be more likely to acquire HIV; however, the role of the clinical manifestation of HPV - genital warts (GW) - on HIV acquisition is currently unknown. Few studies have shown that GW are independently associated with HIV acquisition.
The primary objective of this study is to determine the role of GW on HIV acquisition among MSM in Peru. The secondary objectives are to determine HPV prevalence in HIV positive MSM in Peru, risk factors associated with GW, and the knowledge of HPV and HIV among MSM. The specific aims of this study are:
- To estimate HIV incidence in Peruvian MSM by GW status.
- To determine the prevalence of HIV among Peruvian MSM by GW status.
- To determine the type-specific prevalence of anal HPV infection in HIV positive Peruvian MSM. Linear array testing will estimate prevalence of 37 HPV types including carcinogenic (16,18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66) and non-carcinogenic types (6, 11, 26, 40, 42, 53, 54, 61, 62, 64, 67, 68, 69, 70, 72, 73, 81, 82, 82var, 83, 84, and 89) as defined at the 2005 meeting of the International Agency for Research on Cancer.
- To identify risk factors associated with genital warts (penile, anal, and both) among Peruvian MSM.
- To assess the knowledge of Peruvian MSM of the role of HPV in HIV infection.
The study will be conducted in the Gay Men's Community Health Center, Epicentro, the only center in Lima that specifically caters to men who have sex with men and sees a high burden of genital warts in their patient population. The study includes a population of 600 MSM (300 with recent or current genital warts). Baseline HIV serostatus will be done by rapid testing, and follow-up for HIV incidence will be done every 6 months over a two year time period. We will determine HPV status in HIV-positive participants and refer them for free highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treatment. We will examine participants for GW presence and collect information on history of GW. A survey will be administered at each visit which examines changes in risk behaviors over time.
This novel study proposes to both measure the prevalence of GW in MSM presenting at a community clinic environment and prospectively measure HIV incidence in men with GW and those without GW. It will be the first study of its kind that we are aware of using HIV infection as an endpoint in men with and without GW and will help to better understand the relationship between genital warts and HIV infection among MSM in Peru.
- Conditions
- Anogenital Warts, HIV
- Keywords
- genital warts, HIV, MSM, Peru, HPV
- Medical subject headings
- Condylomata Acuminata
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Genital warts | Those with and without ano-genital warts |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
HIV incidence
new cases of HIV in our cohort in either the group with or without genital warts
Measured: 2 years
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted4 Jul 2011 (estimated)
- Study startApr 2012
- Primary completionSep 2015
- Study completionSep 2015
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (13)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Anogenital WartsStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of California, Los AngelesThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 600 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of California, Los Angeles
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Espacio Comun, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Brandon Brown, University of California, Los Angeles
- Investigators
- Brandon Brown, PhD, Principal investigator, University of California, Los AngelesJerome Galea, MSW, Study director, Espacio Comun
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01387412
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Merck IISP 39619
- Acronym
- VIVA
- Status last verified
- Nov 2015
- First submitted
- 30 Jun 2011
- Last updated
- 2 Dec 2015
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
Publications
Smith JS, Moses S, Hudgens MG, Parker CB, Agot K, Maclean I, Ndinya-Achola JO, Snijders PJ, Meijer CJ, Bailey RC. Increased risk of HIV acquisition among Kenyan men with human papillomavirus infection. J Infect Dis. 2010 Jun 1;201(11):1677-85. doi: 10.1086/652408.
PubMed 20415595Jin F, Prestage GP, Imrie J, Kippax SC, Donovan B, Templeton DJ, Cunningham A, Mindel A, Cunningham PH, Kaldor JM, Grulich AE. Anal sexually transmitted infections and risk of HIV infection in homosexual men. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2010 Jan;53(1):144-9. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181b48f33.
PubMed 19734801Caceres CF, Mendoza W. Monitoring trends in sexual behaviour and HIV/STIs in Peru: are available data sufficient? Sex Transm Infect. 2004 Dec;80 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):ii80-4. doi: 10.1136/sti.2004.012021.
PubMed 15572646Bautista CT, Sanchez JL, Montano SM, Laguna-Torres VA, Lama JR, Sanchez JL, Kusunoki L, Manrique H, Acosta J, Montoya O, Tambare AM, Avila MM, Vinoles J, Aguayo N, Olson JG, Carr JK. Seroprevalence of and risk factors for HIV-1 infection among South American men who have sex with men. Sex Transm Infect. 2004 Dec;80(6):498-504. doi: 10.1136/sti.2004.013094.
PubMed 15572623Clark JL, Segura ER, Montano SM, Leon SR, Kochel T, Salvatierra HJ, Alcantara J, Caceres CF, Coates TJ, Klausner JD. Routine laboratory screening for acute and recent HIV infection in Lima, Peru. Sex Transm Infect. 2010 Dec;86(7):545-7. doi: 10.1136/sti.2010.042697.
PubMed 21113069Goldstone S, Palefsky JM, Giuliano AR, Moreira ED Jr, Aranda C, Jessen H, Hillman RJ, Ferris DG, Coutlee F, Liaw KL, Marshall JB, Zhang X, Vuocolo S, Barr E, Haupt RM, Guris D, Garner EI. Prevalence of and risk factors for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among HIV-seronegative men who have sex with men. J Infect Dis. 2011 Jan 1;203(1):66-74. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiq016.
PubMed 21148498Li AH, Phanuphak N, Sahasrabuddhe VV, Chaithongwongwatthana S, Vermund SH, Jenkins CA, Shepherd BE, Teeratakulpisarn N, van der Lugt J, Avihingsanon A, Ruxrungtham K, Shikuma C, Phanuphak P, Ananworanich J. Anal squamous intraepithelial lesions among HIV positive and HIV negative men who have sex with men in Thailand. Sex Transm Infect. 2009 Dec;85(7):503-7. doi: 10.1136/sti.2009.036707. Epub 2009 Jun 11.
PubMed 19525263Cohen MS. Sexually transmitted diseases enhance HIV transmission: no longer a hypothesis. Lancet. 1998;351 Suppl 3:5-7. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(98)90002-2. No abstract available.
PubMed 9652712Fleming DT, Wasserheit JN. From epidemiological synergy to public health policy and practice: the contribution of other sexually transmitted diseases to sexual transmission of HIV infection. Sex Transm Infect. 1999 Feb;75(1):3-17. doi: 10.1136/sti.75.1.3.
PubMed 10448335Grosskurth H, Mosha F, Todd J, Mwijarubi E, Klokke A, Senkoro K, Mayaud P, Changalucha J, Nicoll A, ka-Gina G, et al. Impact of improved treatment of sexually transmitted diseases on HIV infection in rural Tanzania: randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 1995 Aug 26;346(8974):530-6. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91380-7.
PubMed 7658778Flores JA, Brown B, Leon SR, Sanchez H, Galea JT. Individual-level characteristics associated with oral HIV test acceptability among Peruvian men who have sex with men and transgender women: a cross-sectional study. Sex Transm Infect. 2018 Nov;94(7):528-533. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2017-053388. Epub 2018 Mar 24.
PubMed 29574465Galea JT, Leon SR, Peinado J, Calvo G, Zamora J, Sanchez H, Brown BJ. HPV knowledge, burden and genital wart location among heterosexually identified versus homosexually identified men who have sex with men in Lima, Peru: cross-sectional results from a cohort study. BMJ Open. 2017 Oct 24;7(10):e017338. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017338.
PubMed 29070638Brown B, Davtyan M, Leon SR, Sanchez H, Calvo G, Klausner JD, Galea J. A prospective cohort study characterising the role of anogenital warts in HIV acquisition among men who have sex with men: a study protocol. BMJ Open. 2014 Sep 16;4(9):e005687. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005687.
PubMed 25227629
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 2 Dec 2015. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Role of Genital Warts in HIV Acquisition Among MSM in Peru"
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01387412
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- VIVA / Merck IISP 39619
- Conditions
- Anogenital Warts, HIV
- Keywords
- genital warts, HIV, MSM, Peru, HPV
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 600 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of California, Los AngelesUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Espacio Comun, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
- Study start
- Apr 2012
- Primary completion
- Sep 2015 (actual)
- Study completion
- Sep 2015 (actual)
- First posted
- 4 Jul 2011 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The primary objective of this study is to determine the role of genital warts (GW) on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) acquisition among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Peru. The secondary objectives are to determine Human Papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in HIV positive MSM in Peru, risk factors associated with GW, and the knowledge of HPV and HIV among MSM.
Detailed description
Persons with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection are at higher risk of becoming infected with the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) compared to those who are HIV negative. The contrary is also true: individuals infected with HPV may be more likely to acquire HIV; however, the role of the clinical manifestation of HPV - genital warts (GW) - on HIV acquisition is currently unknown. Few studies have shown that GW are independently associated with HIV acquisition.
The primary objective of this study is to determine the role of GW on HIV acquisition among MSM in Peru. The secondary objectives are to determine HPV prevalence in HIV positive MSM in Peru, risk factors associated with GW, and the knowledge of HPV and HIV among MSM. The specific aims of this study are:
- To estimate HIV incidence in Peruvian MSM by GW status.
- To determine the prevalence of HIV among Peruvian MSM by GW status.
- To determine the type-specific prevalence of anal HPV infection in HIV positive Peruvian MSM. Linear array testing will estimate prevalence of 37 HPV types including carcinogenic (16,18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66) and non-carcinogenic types (6, 11, 26, 40, 42, 53, 54, 61, 62, 64, 67, 68, 69, 70, 72, 73, 81, 82, 82var, 83, 84, and 89) as defined at the 2005 meeting of the International Agency for Research on Cancer.
- To identify risk factors associated with genital warts (penile, anal, and both) among Peruvian MSM.
- To assess the knowledge of Peruvian MSM of the role of HPV in HIV infection.
The study will be conducted in the Gay Men's Community Health Center, Epicentro, the only center in Lima that specifically caters to men who have sex with men and sees a high burden of genital warts in their patient population. The study includes a population of 600 MSM (300 with recent or current genital warts). Baseline HIV serostatus will be done by rapid testing, and follow-up for HIV incidence will be done every 6 months over a two year time period. We will determine HPV status in HIV-positive participants and refer them for free highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treatment. We will examine participants for GW presence and collect information on history of GW. A survey will be administered at each visit which examines changes in risk behaviors over time.
This novel study proposes to both measure the prevalence of GW in MSM presenting at a community clinic environment and prospectively measure HIV incidence in men with GW and those without GW. It will be the first study of its kind that we are aware of using HIV infection as an endpoint in men with and without GW and will help to better understand the relationship between genital warts and HIV infection among MSM in Peru.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Genital warts | – | –Those with and without ano-genital warts |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 40 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
- Study population
- Community sample
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Anatomical males 18-40 years of age,
- Self-reported anal sex with another man within 12 months prior to enrollment,
- Willing to provide informed consent for the collection of demographic and sexual behavior data, as well as blood for HIV and Syphilis testing, swabs of anal mucosa for HPV testing and urine for Chlamydia testing,
- Resident of metropolitan Lima.
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Prior participation in an HPV vaccine clinical trial,
- Prior participation in an HIV vaccine clinical trial,
- Presence of a known immunodeficiency that increases risk of acquiring HIV.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
HIV incidence
Time frame: 2 years
new cases of HIV in our cohort in either the group with or without genital warts
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 2 Dec 2015.
- Background: PubMed 20415595Smith JS, Moses S, Hudgens MG, Parker CB, Agot K, Maclean I, Ndinya-Achola JO, Snijders PJ, Meijer CJ, Bailey RC. Increased risk of HIV acquisition among Kenyan men with human papillomavirus infection. J Infect Dis. 2010 Jun 1;201(11):1677-85. doi: 10.1086/652408.
- Background: PubMed 19734801Jin F, Prestage GP, Imrie J, Kippax SC, Donovan B, Templeton DJ, Cunningham A, Mindel A, Cunningham PH, Kaldor JM, Grulich AE. Anal sexually transmitted infections and risk of HIV infection in homosexual men. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2010 Jan;53(1):144-9. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181b48f33.
- Background: PubMed 15572646Caceres CF, Mendoza W. Monitoring trends in sexual behaviour and HIV/STIs in Peru: are available data sufficient? Sex Transm Infect. 2004 Dec;80 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):ii80-4. doi: 10.1136/sti.2004.012021.
- Background: PubMed 15572623Bautista CT, Sanchez JL, Montano SM, Laguna-Torres VA, Lama JR, Sanchez JL, Kusunoki L, Manrique H, Acosta J, Montoya O, Tambare AM, Avila MM, Vinoles J, Aguayo N, Olson JG, Carr JK. Seroprevalence of and risk factors for HIV-1 infection among South American men who have sex with men. Sex Transm Infect. 2004 Dec;80(6):498-504. doi: 10.1136/sti.2004.013094.
- Background: PubMed 21113069Clark JL, Segura ER, Montano SM, Leon SR, Kochel T, Salvatierra HJ, Alcantara J, Caceres CF, Coates TJ, Klausner JD. Routine laboratory screening for acute and recent HIV infection in Lima, Peru. Sex Transm Infect. 2010 Dec;86(7):545-7. doi: 10.1136/sti.2010.042697.
- Background: PubMed 21148498Goldstone S, Palefsky JM, Giuliano AR, Moreira ED Jr, Aranda C, Jessen H, Hillman RJ, Ferris DG, Coutlee F, Liaw KL, Marshall JB, Zhang X, Vuocolo S, Barr E, Haupt RM, Guris D, Garner EI. Prevalence of and risk factors for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among HIV-seronegative men who have sex with men. J Infect Dis. 2011 Jan 1;203(1):66-74. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiq016.
- Background: PubMed 19525263Li AH, Phanuphak N, Sahasrabuddhe VV, Chaithongwongwatthana S, Vermund SH, Jenkins CA, Shepherd BE, Teeratakulpisarn N, van der Lugt J, Avihingsanon A, Ruxrungtham K, Shikuma C, Phanuphak P, Ananworanich J. Anal squamous intraepithelial lesions among HIV positive and HIV negative men who have sex with men in Thailand. Sex Transm Infect. 2009 Dec;85(7):503-7. doi: 10.1136/sti.2009.036707. Epub 2009 Jun 11.
- Background: PubMed 9652712Cohen MS. Sexually transmitted diseases enhance HIV transmission: no longer a hypothesis. Lancet. 1998;351 Suppl 3:5-7. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(98)90002-2. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 10448335Fleming DT, Wasserheit JN. From epidemiological synergy to public health policy and practice: the contribution of other sexually transmitted diseases to sexual transmission of HIV infection. Sex Transm Infect. 1999 Feb;75(1):3-17. doi: 10.1136/sti.75.1.3.
- Background: PubMed 7658778Grosskurth H, Mosha F, Todd J, Mwijarubi E, Klokke A, Senkoro K, Mayaud P, Changalucha J, Nicoll A, ka-Gina G, et al. Impact of improved treatment of sexually transmitted diseases on HIV infection in rural Tanzania: randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 1995 Aug 26;346(8974):530-6. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91380-7.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 29574465Flores JA, Brown B, Leon SR, Sanchez H, Galea JT. Individual-level characteristics associated with oral HIV test acceptability among Peruvian men who have sex with men and transgender women: a cross-sectional study. Sex Transm Infect. 2018 Nov;94(7):528-533. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2017-053388. Epub 2018 Mar 24.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 29070638Galea JT, Leon SR, Peinado J, Calvo G, Zamora J, Sanchez H, Brown BJ. HPV knowledge, burden and genital wart location among heterosexually identified versus homosexually identified men who have sex with men in Lima, Peru: cross-sectional results from a cohort study. BMJ Open. 2017 Oct 24;7(10):e017338. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017338.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Brandon Brown, PhD principal investigator
University of California, Los Angeles
Jerome Galea, MSW study director
Espacio Comun
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Anogenital Warts and HIV, run by University of California, Los Angeles at 1 site in Peru.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 2 Dec 2015. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Peru. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
HIV incidence (time frame: 2 years). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01387412, which also lists 13 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 2 Dec 2015.