Kidney TransplantationTAKE-ITNCT01356277
Intervention to Improve Adherence in Teen Kidney Transplant
A study testing Action-focused problem-solving and Electronic pillbox monitoring, dose reminders, and feedback in people with Kidney Transplantation and Medication Adherence, run by McGill University Health Centre/Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre at 8 sites in 2 countries.
Trial summary
The broad aim of the proposed study is to improve medication adherence in adolescent kidney transplant recipients. The investigators hypothesize that a multi-component intervention will improve medication adherence in the adolescent kidney transplant population. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 11 to 24 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Kidney Transplantation, Medication Adherence
- What is being tested?
- Action-focused problem-solving and Electronic pillbox monitoring, dose reminders, and feedback
- Type of treatment
- Medical device, Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 170 participants
- Where
- 8 sitesin 2 countries
- Study dates
- Feb 2012to Jun 2016
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 11 to 24 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult
Who may be able to join
- Subjects age 11 - 24 years
- At least 3 months post kidney transplant
Who cannot join
- Significant neurocognitive disabilities limiting the subject's ability to understand and participate on their own
- Unable to communicate in English or French (Montreal site)
- Unable to communicate in English (all other sites)
Trial locations and contacts
8 sites in 2 countries.
8 sites in 2 countries
United States4 sites
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104
Seattle Children's Hospital
Seattle, Washington, 98105
Washington University School of Medicine
St Louis, Missouri, 63130
Canada4 sites
Montreal Children's Hospital
Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1AF
St. Justine's Hospital
Montreal, Quebec
University of Toronto Hospital for Sick Children
Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8
British Columbia Children's Hospital
Vancouver, British Columbia, V6H 3V4
About this study
Official title: TAKE-IT: Teen Adherence in Kidney Transplant Effectiveness of Intervention Trial
The broad aim of the proposed study is to improve medication adherence in adolescent kidney transplant recipients. The investigators hypothesize that a multi-component intervention will improve medication adherence in the adolescent kidney transplant population. The specific aims are to determine, in a randomized clinical trial, the efficacy of a structured, multi-component intervention in improving adherence to anti-rejection medications and graft outcomes, and to identify characteristics of healthcare systems that are independently associated with adherence.
Read the detailed description
Young kidney transplant recipients at 8 pediatric transplant centers in the United States and Canada will be invited to participate. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the control or intervention group. Adherence will be measured in all participants using an electronic medication monitoring multi-dose pillbox. Enrolment will be followed by a 3-month run-in period, during which group allocation will be concealed and no intervention administered. At the 3-month visit, participants assigned to the intervention group will form an Adherence Support Team including the participant, one or both parents, and a study facilitator who is not a member of the treating team. At the same visit the facilitator will provide standardized adherence education, and will initiate a novel 20-30 min. behavioural intervention, which combines problem-solving skills with implementation intentions (concrete action plans in which an individual specifies, in an if-then contingency format, when, where and how he or she will perform a behaviour, with the goal of developing habits). This intervention will focus on addressing adherence barriers identified using the validated Medication Barriers Survey 3 and selected by the participant as important to him or her. Subsequent study visits, at 3-month intervals, will include a briefer versions of the educational component, and review and updating of implementation intentions. In addition, the electronic pillbox will be configured to provide alarm, phone, or text message dose reminders to participants in the intervention group throughout the intervention interval. Control participants will also meet with the facilitator at 3-month intervals, but will simply discuss general health and life issues; they will not receive dose reminders. In between visits, the facilitator will maintain monthly contact with all participants via short phone or text-message check-ins to troubleshoot issues with the electronic pillbox. The primary outcome will be 'taking adherence' - the proportion of prescribed doses that were consumed. Appropriate timing of doses will also be evaluated, as will variability in medication levels (reflecting consistency of medication consumption), and graft outcomes. Level of adherence, patterns of change in adherence, and graft outcomes will be compared between intervention and control groups. Secondary observational analyses of collected study data will identify healthcare systems factors independently associated with adherence.
- Conditions
- Kidney Transplantation, Medication Adherence
- Being tested
- Action-focused problem-solving, Electronic pillbox monitoring, dose reminders, and feedback
- Keywords
- renal, allograft, immunosuppressive, immunosuppression, adherence, medication, compliance
- Medical subject headings
- Medication Adherence, Patient Compliance
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Action-focused problem-solvingBehavioural
- Adherence Support Team (patient, parent, Coach)
- standardized education on immunosuppressive medications
- identification of adherence barriers
- 'Action-Focused Problem-Solving' to address barriers selected as most important by the patient
Electronic pillbox monitoring, dose reminders, and feedbackDevice
Also called Medminder Systems, Maya, US Patent Number 5710551, Vaica Medical
- Electronic adherence monitoring with feedback of past 3 months of electronic monitoring data at 3-month intervals
- text message, email, or visual cue dose reminders
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Multi-component Intervention | Experimental | Multi-component Intervention consisting of:
* Adherence Support Team (patient, parent, Coach)
* standardized education on immunosuppressive medications
* identification of adherence barriers
* Electronic adherence monitoring with feedback of past 3 months of electronic monitoring data at 3-month intervals
* 'Action-Focused Problem-Solving' to address barriers selected as most important by the patient
* text message, email, or visual cue dose reminders Receives: Behavioral: Action-focused problem-solving; Device: Electronic pillbox monitoring, dose reminders, and feedback |
| Attention control | No intervention | Control group study visits were conducted at the same intervals as intervention visits and consisted of the Coach engaging in active listening and providing non-specific support only. Adherence was NOT discussed with control participants. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Taking Adherence
Daily "taking adherence", defined as the percentage of prescribed doses taken each day (as measured by electronic monitoring). The daily taking adherence score could take a value of 0%, 50%, or 100% for patients on twice daily dosing, and 0% or 100% for patients on once daily dosing. Each patient had a taking adherence score for every day of observation (repeated measures). On days that the pillbox was not in use due to technical problems or participant non-use (due to travel etc), no score was given.
To summarize adherence for each arm, we calculated the total percentage of days of observation for which there was 100% taking adherence. The denominator for this calculation was the the total number of days of observation of each participant, summed across all participants; the numerator was the total number of days of observation of each participant for which taking adherence was 100%, summed across all participants.
Measured: 12 months
Timing Adherence
Daily "timing adherence", defined as the percentage of doses taken within 1 hour before to 2 hours after the prescribed dosing time each day (as measured by electronic monitoring). The daily timing adherence score could take a value of 0%, 50%, or 100% for patients on twice daily dosing, and 0% or 100% for patients on once daily dosing. Each patient had a timing adherence score for every day of observation (repeated measures). On days that the pillbox was not in use due to technical problems or participant non-use (due to travel etc), no score was given.
To summarize timing adherence for each arm, we calculated the total percentage of days of observation for which there was 100% timing adherence. The denominator for this calculation was the the total number of days of observation of each participant, summed across all participants; the numerator was the total number of days of observation of each participant for which timing adherence was 100%, summed across all participants.
Measured: 12 months
Secondary outcomes (5)
Standard Deviation (SD) of Tacrolimus Trough Levels
The SD of all tacrolimus trough levels done for clinical care (except during hospitalizations or illnesses) were calculated for participants with >=3 tacrolimus levels.
Measured: 12 months
Self-reported Taking Adherence
Self-reported taking adherence, assessed using the Medical Adherence Measure- Medication Module (MAM-MM), was scored as the proportion of doses taken in the previous week. MAM-MM scores for each patient were summarized as the mean of the four scores post-intervention.
Measured: 12 months
Self-reported Timing Adherence
Self-reported timing adherence, assessed using the Medical Adherence Measure- Medication Module (MAM-MM), was scored as the proportion of doses taken up to 2 hours after the prescribed time in the previous week. MAM-MM scores for each patient were summarized as the mean of the four scores post-intervention.
Measured: 12 months
Acute Rejection Rate
The acute rejection rate, measured as rejections per 100 person-years of observation.
Measured: 12 months
Annualized Change in Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)
Change in estimated glomerular filtration rate, estimated using the Schwartz equation for those < 18 y. and the CKD-EPI equation for those 18y and older, standardized to a 12-month period.
Measured: 12 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted19 May 2011 (estimated)
- Study startFeb 2012
- Primary completionJun 2016
- Study completionJun 2016
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (5)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Kidney TransplantationStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by McGill University Health Centre/Research Institute of the McGill University Health CentreThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 170 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- McGill University Health Centre/Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Seattle Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, British Columbia Children's Hospital, The Hospital for Sick Children, St. Justine's Hospital, Temple University
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Beth Foster, McGill University Health Centre/Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre
- Investigators
- Bethany J Foster, MD, MSCE, Principal investigator, Montreal Children's Hospital of the MUHCSusan L Furth, MD, PhD, Principal investigator, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01356277
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- R01DK092977-01
- Acronym
- TAKE-IT
- Status last verified
- Jun 2018
- First submitted
- 17 May 2011
- Last updated
- 18 Jul 2018
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
Publications
Foster BJ, Pai A, Zhao H, Furth S; TAKE-IT Study Group. The TAKE-IT study: aims, design, and methods. BMC Nephrol. 2014 Aug 30;15:139. doi: 10.1186/1471-2369-15-139.
PubMed 25176317Mellon L, Doyle F, Hickey A, Ward KD, de Freitas DG, McCormick PA, O'Connell O, Conlon P. Interventions for increasing immunosuppressant medication adherence in solid organ transplant recipients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 Sep 12;9(9):CD012854. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012854.pub2.
PubMed 36094829Boucquemont J, Pai ALH, Dharnidharka VR, Hebert D, Zelikovsky N, Amaral S, Furth SL, Foster BJ. Association between day of the week and medication adherence among adolescent and young adult kidney transplant recipients. Am J Transplant. 2020 Jan;20(1):274-281. doi: 10.1111/ajt.15590. Epub 2019 Oct 12.
PubMed 31507087Boucquemont J, Pai ALH, Dharnidharka VR, Hebert D, Furth SL, Foster BJ. Gender Differences in Medication Adherence Among Adolescent and Young Adult Kidney Transplant Recipients. Transplantation. 2019 Apr;103(4):798-806. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000002359.
PubMed 29994983Foster BJ, Pai ALH, Zelikovsky N, Amaral S, Bell L, Dharnidharka VR, Hebert D, Holly C, Knauper B, Matsell D, Phan V, Rogers R, Smith JM, Zhao H, Furth SL. A Randomized Trial of a Multicomponent Intervention to Promote Medication Adherence: The Teen Adherence in Kidney Transplant Effectiveness of Intervention Trial (TAKE-IT). Am J Kidney Dis. 2018 Jul;72(1):30-41. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.12.012. Epub 2018 Mar 27.
PubMed 29602631
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 18 Jul 2018. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- TAKE-IT: Teen Adherence in Kidney Transplant Effectiveness of Intervention Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01356277
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- TAKE-IT / R01DK092977-01
- Conditions
- Kidney Transplantation, Medication Adherence
- Keywords
- renal, allograft, immunosuppressive, immunosuppression, adherence, medication, compliance
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 170 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- McGill University Health Centre/Research Institute of the McGill University Health CentreUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Seattle Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, British Columbia Children's Hospital, The Hospital for Sick Children, St. Justine's Hospital, Temple University
- Study start
- Feb 2012
- Primary completion
- Jun 2016 (actual)
- Study completion
- Jun 2016 (actual)
- First posted
- 19 May 2011 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 18 Jul 2018
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The broad aim of the proposed study is to improve medication adherence in adolescent kidney transplant recipients. The investigators hypothesize that a multi-component intervention will improve medication adherence in the adolescent kidney transplant population. The specific aims are to determine, in a randomized clinical trial, the efficacy of a structured, multi-component intervention in improving adherence to anti-rejection medications and graft outcomes, and to identify characteristics of healthcare systems that are independently associated with adherence.
Detailed description
Young kidney transplant recipients at 8 pediatric transplant centers in the United States and Canada will be invited to participate. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the control or intervention group. Adherence will be measured in all participants using an electronic medication monitoring multi-dose pillbox. Enrolment will be followed by a 3-month run-in period, during which group allocation will be concealed and no intervention administered. At the 3-month visit, participants assigned to the intervention group will form an Adherence Support Team including the participant, one or both parents, and a study facilitator who is not a member of the treating team. At the same visit the facilitator will provide standardized adherence education, and will initiate a novel 20-30 min. behavioural intervention, which combines problem-solving skills with implementation intentions (concrete action plans in which an individual specifies, in an if-then contingency format, when, where and how he or she will perform a behaviour, with the goal of developing habits). This intervention will focus on addressing adherence barriers identified using the validated Medication Barriers Survey 3 and selected by the participant as important to him or her. Subsequent study visits, at 3-month intervals, will include a briefer versions of the educational component, and review and updating of implementation intentions. In addition, the electronic pillbox will be configured to provide alarm, phone, or text message dose reminders to participants in the intervention group throughout the intervention interval. Control participants will also meet with the facilitator at 3-month intervals, but will simply discuss general health and life issues; they will not receive dose reminders. In between visits, the facilitator will maintain monthly contact with all participants via short phone or text-message check-ins to troubleshoot issues with the electronic pillbox. The primary outcome will be 'taking adherence' - the proportion of prescribed doses that were consumed. Appropriate timing of doses will also be evaluated, as will variability in medication levels (reflecting consistency of medication consumption), and graft outcomes. Level of adherence, patterns of change in adherence, and graft outcomes will be compared between intervention and control groups. Secondary observational analyses of collected study data will identify healthcare systems factors independently associated with adherence.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Multi-component Intervention | Experimental | Behavioral: Action-focused problem-solving, Device: Electronic pillbox monitoring, dose reminders, and feedbackMulti-component Intervention consisting of: * Adherence Support Team (patient, parent, Coach) * standardized education on immunosuppressive medications * identification of adherence barriers * Electronic adherence monitoring with feedback of past 3 months of electronic monitoring data at 3-month intervals * 'Action-Focused Problem-Solving' to address barriers selected as most important by the patient * text message, email, or visual cue dose reminders |
| Attention control | No intervention | –Control group study visits were conducted at the same intervals as intervention visits and consisted of the Coach engaging in active listening and providing non-specific support only. Adherence was NOT discussed with control participants. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 11 to 24 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Subjects age 11 - 24 years
- At least 3 months post kidney transplant
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Significant neurocognitive disabilities limiting the subject's ability to understand and participate on their own
- Unable to communicate in English or French (Montreal site)
- Unable to communicate in English (all other sites)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Action-focused problem-solving* Adherence Support Team (patient, parent, Coach) * standardized education on immunosuppressive medications * identification of adherence barriers * 'Action-Focused Problem-Solving' to address barriers selected as most important by the patient | Behavioural | Multi-component Intervention |
| Electronic pillbox monitoring, dose reminders, and feedbackAlso: Medminder Systems, Maya, US Patent Number 5710551, Vaica Medical* Electronic adherence monitoring with feedback of past 3 months of electronic monitoring data at 3-month intervals * text message, email, or visual cue dose reminders | Device | Multi-component Intervention |
Primary outcome
Taking Adherence
Time frame: 12 months
Daily "taking adherence", defined as the percentage of prescribed doses taken each day (as measured by electronic monitoring). The daily taking adherence score could take a value of 0%, 50%, or 100% for patients on twice daily dosing, and 0% or 100% for patients on once daily dosing. Each patient had a taking adherence score for every day of observation (repeated measures). On days that the pillbox was not in use due to technical problems or participant non-use (due to travel etc), no score was given. To summarize adherence for each arm, we calculated the total percentage of days of observation for which there was 100% taking adherence. The denominator for this calculation was the the total number of days of observation of each participant, summed across all participants; the numerator was the total number of days of observation of each participant for which taking adherence was 100%, summed across all participants.
Timing Adherence
Time frame: 12 months
Daily "timing adherence", defined as the percentage of doses taken within 1 hour before to 2 hours after the prescribed dosing time each day (as measured by electronic monitoring). The daily timing adherence score could take a value of 0%, 50%, or 100% for patients on twice daily dosing, and 0% or 100% for patients on once daily dosing. Each patient had a timing adherence score for every day of observation (repeated measures). On days that the pillbox was not in use due to technical problems or participant non-use (due to travel etc), no score was given. To summarize timing adherence for each arm, we calculated the total percentage of days of observation for which there was 100% timing adherence. The denominator for this calculation was the the total number of days of observation of each participant, summed across all participants; the numerator was the total number of days of observation of each participant for which timing adherence was 100%, summed across all participants.
5 secondary outcomes
Standard Deviation (SD) of Tacrolimus Trough Levels
Time frame: 12 months
Self-reported Taking Adherence
Time frame: 12 months
Self-reported Timing Adherence
Time frame: 12 months
Acute Rejection Rate
Time frame: 12 months
Annualized Change in Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)
Time frame: 12 months
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 18 Jul 2018.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Background: PubMed 25176317Foster BJ, Pai A, Zhao H, Furth S; TAKE-IT Study Group. The TAKE-IT study: aims, design, and methods. BMC Nephrol. 2014 Aug 30;15:139. doi: 10.1186/1471-2369-15-139.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 36094829Mellon L, Doyle F, Hickey A, Ward KD, de Freitas DG, McCormick PA, O'Connell O, Conlon P. Interventions for increasing immunosuppressant medication adherence in solid organ transplant recipients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 Sep 12;9(9):CD012854. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012854.pub2.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 31507087Boucquemont J, Pai ALH, Dharnidharka VR, Hebert D, Zelikovsky N, Amaral S, Furth SL, Foster BJ. Association between day of the week and medication adherence among adolescent and young adult kidney transplant recipients. Am J Transplant. 2020 Jan;20(1):274-281. doi: 10.1111/ajt.15590. Epub 2019 Oct 12.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 29994983Boucquemont J, Pai ALH, Dharnidharka VR, Hebert D, Furth SL, Foster BJ. Gender Differences in Medication Adherence Among Adolescent and Young Adult Kidney Transplant Recipients. Transplantation. 2019 Apr;103(4):798-806. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000002359.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 29602631Foster BJ, Pai ALH, Zelikovsky N, Amaral S, Bell L, Dharnidharka VR, Hebert D, Holly C, Knauper B, Matsell D, Phan V, Rogers R, Smith JM, Zhao H, Furth SL. A Randomized Trial of a Multicomponent Intervention to Promote Medication Adherence: The Teen Adherence in Kidney Transplant Effectiveness of Intervention Trial (TAKE-IT). Am J Kidney Dis. 2018 Jul;72(1):30-41. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.12.012. Epub 2018 Mar 27.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Bethany J Foster, MD, MSCE principal investigator
Montreal Children's Hospital of the MUHC
Susan L Furth, MD, PhD principal investigator
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
8 sites in 2 countries: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Action-focused problem-solving and Electronic pillbox monitoring, dose reminders, and feedback in people with Kidney Transplantation and Medication Adherence, run by McGill University Health Centre/Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre at 8 sites in 2 countries.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Jul 2018. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 8 sites in United States, Canada. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 18 Jul 2018). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Taking Adherence (time frame: 12 months). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01356277, which also lists 5 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Jul 2018.