HER2/Neu PositivePhase 1NCT01327781
Z-Endoxifen Hydrochloride in Treating Patients With Metastatic or Locally Recurrent Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer
A Phase 1 study testing Endoxifen Hydrochloride, Laboratory Biomarker Analysis and Pharmacological Study in people with HER2/Neu Positive and Recurrent Breast Carcinoma, run by National Cancer Institute (NCI) at 3 sites in United States.
Trial summary
This phase I trial studies the side effects and the best dose of Z-endoxifen hydrochloride in treating patients with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer that has spread to other places in the body (metastatic) or has come back at or near the same place as the original tumor (locally recurrent). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older, women only
- Conditions the study is for
- HER2/Neu Positive, Recurrent Breast Carcinoma, Stage IIIC Breast Cancer AJCC v7
- What is being tested?
- Endoxifen Hydrochloride, Laboratory Biomarker Analysis and Pharmacological Study
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 62 participants
- Where
- 3 sitesUnited States
- Study dates
- 25 Mar 2011to 30 Oct 2026
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- Women only
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Histologically confirmed diagnosis of metastatic or locally recurrent breast cancer
- ER positive defined as > 1% nuclear staining on the biopsy that was obtained at the confirmation of metastatic or locally recurrent disease
- Lesion type of either evaluable or measurable disease
- Pre- or post-menopausal female
- For the expansion cohorts: tumor that is accessible for biopsy
- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) 0 or 1
Show all 37Show fewer
- Life expectancy > 16 weeks
- Capable of understanding investigational nature, potential risks and benefits of the study and able to provide written informed consent
- Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1,000/uL
- Platelet count >= 75,000/uL
- Total bilirubin =< 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN)
- Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT]) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase [SGPT]) =< 2.5 x institutional ULN (< 5 x institutional ULN if liver function test [LFT] elevations due to liver metastases)
- Creatinine =< 1.5 x institutional ULN
- Women with human epidermal growth factor (HER)-2 positive disease must have received and progressed on at least one prior anti-HER-2 directed regimen (trastuzumab, lapatinib) for their metastatic disease
- For dose escalation cohort:
- Any number of prior systematic therapy regimens is allowed
- NOTE: prior systematic therapy in the adjuvant setting is not required
- At least one prior hormone containing regimen in the metastatic setting (tamoxifen if pre-menopausal; aromatase inhibitor if post-menopausal)
- NOTE: exception: patients that fail (defined as the development of metastatic disease while receiving an adjuvant hormone containing regimen of tamoxifen for premenopausal and aromatase inhibitor for postmenopausal) are eligible and not required to receive additional hormonal containing regimens prior to enrollment
- At least one prior chemotherapy containing regimen in adjuvant and/or metastatic setting
- For the expansion cohort(s):
- At least one prior hormone containing regimen in the metastatic setting (tamoxifen if pre-menopausal; aromatase inhibitor if post-menopausal)
- NOTE: exception: patients that fail (defined as the development of metastatic disease while receiving an adjuvant hormone containing regimen of tamoxifen for premenopausal and aromatase inhibitor for postmenopausal) are eligible and not required to receive additional hormonal containing regimens prior to enrollment
- NOTE: a prior hormone containing regimen in the adjuvant setting is not required; a hormonal regimen containing everolimus is allowed
- Either 1 or 2 prior chemotherapy regimens are allowed but not required such that both are in the metastatic setting or one is in the adjuvant setting and one in the metastatic setting (note, an anthracycline and taxane based regimen delivered in the adjuvant setting would be considered one regimen)
- Willingness to return to Mayo Clinic Rochester, Arizona, or Florida during treatment phase of the trial
- Dose Escalation cohort only:
- Mandatory Translational Research Components
- Willingness to provide biologic specimens (blood and urine)
- Dose Escalation cohorts beginning at 160 mg/day: Mandatory Translational Research Components
- Willingness to provide biologic specimens (tissue)
- Dose Expansion cohort(s):
- Mandatory Translational Research Components
- Willingness to provide biologic specimens (blood, tissue and urine)
- Note: The goals of this study include assessment of the biologic effects on surrogate markers of Z-endoxifen and therefore, are contingent upon availability of the biologic specimens
- Women of childbearing potential only: negative serum pregnancy test done =< 48 hours prior to registration
- Capable of swallowing 20-mg capsules
Who cannot join
- Any of the following therapies prior to registration:
- Chemotherapy =< 3 weeks
- Immunotherapy =< 3 weeks
- Biologic therapy =< 3 weeks
- Hormonal therapy =< 3 weeks
- Monoclonal antibodies =< 3 weeks
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- Radiation therapy =< 3 weeks
- Anti-Her-2 directed therapy =< 3 weeks
- Prior endoxifen therapy
- Prior history of:
- Stroke =< 6 months prior to registration
- Seizures =< 3 months prior to registration
- Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) =< 12 months prior to registration
- Two or more episodes of DVT and/or PE =< 5 years prior to registration
- Crystalline retinopathy
- Abnormal uterine bleeding =< 1 year prior to registration
- Personal history of coagulopathy
- Active DVT and/or PE requiring anti-coagulant therapy
- Patients who are on anti-coagulant therapy for maintenance are eligible as long as the DVT and/or PE was > 12 months prior to enrollment and there is no evidence for active thrombosis (either DVT or PE)
- Clinically symptomatic cataracts requiring imminent surgery
- Note: patients that have cataracts that do not require surgery are eligible
- Other invasive malignancy that has been diagnosed or has recurred < 2 years prior to registration; EXCEPTIONS: non-melanotic skin cancer or carcinoma-in-situ of the cervix
- Any co-morbid systemic illnesses or other severe concurrent disease which, in the judgment of the investigator, would make the patient inappropriate for entry into this study or interfere significantly with the proper assessment of safety and toxicity of the prescribed regimens
- Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, hypertension, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements
- Failure to fully recover from acute, reversible effects of prior chemotherapy regardless of interval since last treatment; EXCEPTION: neuropathies - if grade 2 neuropathies have been stable for at least 3 months since completion of prior treatment patient is eligible
- Tumors involving the spinal cord or heart
- Uncontrolled brain metastases
- Note: brain metastases are not permitted on study unless the metastases have been treated by surgery or radiotherapy, and the patient has been neurologically stable and off steroids for >= 12 weeks
- Plans to begin bisphosphonates or denosumab after registration or began a bisphosphonate or denosumab regimen < 90 days before registration
- Note: patients on a stable dose of bisphosphonates or denosumab for > 90 days prior to registration are eligible
- Any of the following:
- Pregnant women
- Nursing women
- Women of childbearing potential who are unwilling to employ adequate contraception
- Other concurrent chemotherapy or anti HER2 therapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy, or any ancillary therapy considered investigational (utilized for a non-Food and Drug Administration [FDA]-approved indication and in the context of a research investigation)
Trial locations and contacts
3 sites in 1 country.
United States3 sites
Mayo Clinic in Florida
Jacksonville, Florida, 32224-9980
Mayo Clinic in Rochester
Rochester, Minnesota, 55905
Mayo Clinic in Arizona
Scottsdale, Arizona, 85259
About this study
Official title: Phase I Study of Z-Endoxifen as a Hormonal Therapy for Breast Cancer
This phase I trial studies the side effects and the best dose of Z-endoxifen hydrochloride in treating patients with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer that has spread to other places in the body (metastatic) or has come back at or near the same place as the original tumor (locally recurrent). Estrogen can cause the growth of breast cancer cells. Hormone therapy using Z-endoxifen hydrochloride may fight breast cancer by blocking the use of estrogen by tumor cells.
Read the detailed description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:
- To determine either the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of Z-endoxifen hydrochloride or the dose level associated with endoxifen steady state concentration (Css) of at least 2 uM in women with metastatic estrogen-receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer. (Dose Escalation Cohort) II. To describe the safety profile of Z-endoxifen (Z-endoxifen hydrochloride) at each of the doses examined. (Dose Escalation Cohort) III. To evaluate changes in vision after 2 cycles of treatment. (Dose Escalation Cohort) IV. To gather preliminary data on the clinical benefit in terms of tumor response rate and progression-free survival. (Dose Escalation Cohort) V. To evaluate the changes in the frequency and severity of hot flashes after 2 cycles of treatment. (Expansion Cohort) VI. Evaluate changes in irritability scale using a validated irritability questionnaire. (Expansion Cohort) VII. To evaluate changes in markers of bone formation and absorption after 2 cycles of treatment. (Expansion Cohort) XIII. To evaluate changes in vision after 2 cycles of treatment. (Expansion Cohort).
IX. To further characterize the safety profile of Z-endoxifen. (Expansion Cohort)
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
- To characterize the plasma pharmacokinetics and urinary excretion of Z-endoxifen at each of the doses examined.
II. For patients beginning in dose level 7 as well as the expansion cohorts, we will describe any changes in tumor expression of ER (both full length and truncated forms), progesterone receptor (PR), steroid receptor co-activator (SRC)1, SRC3, as well as the insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF)1R/phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/v-akt Murine Thymoma Viral Oncogene Homolog 1 (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and proliferation-related Ki-67 antigen (Ki67) after 1 cycle of treatment (approximately 28 days).
III. To determine the frequency of estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) mutations and the presence of antitumor activity (response rate and progression free survival [PFS]) in all patients whose tumors harbor ESR1 alterations.
IV. To determine whether the ESR1 mutations identified in pre-treatment tumor biopsies can be detected in matched plasma cell free deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from the same patients.
OUTLINE: This is a dose-escalation study followed by an expansion cohort study.
Patients receive Z-endoxifen hydrochloride orally (PO) on days 1-28. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up for 30 days and then at 3 months.
- Conditions
- HER2/Neu Positive, Recurrent Breast Carcinoma, Stage IIIC Breast Cancer AJCC v7, Stage IV Breast Cancer AJCC v6 and v7
- Being tested
- Endoxifen Hydrochloride, Laboratory Biomarker Analysis, Pharmacological Study, Questionnaire Administration
- Medical subject headings
- Breast Neoplasms
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Endoxifen HydrochlorideDrug
Also called Z-Endoxifen HCl, Z-Endoxifen Hydrochloride
Given PO
Laboratory Biomarker AnalysisOther
Correlative studies
Correlative studies
Questionnaire AdministrationOther
Ancillary studies
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment (Z-endoxifen hydrochloride) | Experimental | Patients receive Z-endoxifen hydrochloride PO on days 1-28. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Receives: Drug: Endoxifen Hydrochloride; Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis; Other: Pharmacological Study; Other: Questionnaire Administration |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
MTD defined as the highest dose level where at most 1 of 6 patients develops a dose limiting toxicity and 2 or more of the 3-6 patients treated at the next higher dose level develop a dose limiting toxicity
Assessed using the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0. The maximum grade of each type of toxicity will be recorded for each patient. For each toxicity reported by dose level, the percentage of patients developing any degree of that toxicity as well as the percentage of patients developing a severe degree (grade 3 or higher) will be determined.
Measured: 28 days
Secondary outcomes (3)
Progression-free survival
Measured: From study entry to the documentation of disease progression, assessed up to 3 months
Overall survival
Measured: From study entry to death due to any cause, assessed up to 3 months
Change in hot flash scores graded using a hot flash diary and the hot flash interference scale
The number and severity of hot flashes will be examined. Times series plots of hot flash scores will be constructed to visually assess changes across time within a dose level and between dose levels. In particular, for each expansion dose level, a 90% confidence interval will be constructed for the proportion of patients whose hot flash scores increase at least 2 fold from baseline after one course of treatment.
Measured: Baseline to day 28
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted4 Apr 2011 (estimated)
- Study start25 Mar 2011
- Primary completion5 Mar 2017
- Study completion30 Oct 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for HER2/Neu PositiveStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by National Cancer Institute (NCI)The sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 62 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- Sponsor type
- US National Institutes of Health
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Matthew P Goetz, Principal investigator, Mayo Clinic
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01327781
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- NCI-2011-00847
- Other IDs
- NCI-2011-00847, CDR0000696902, MC093C, 8821, 8821, P30CA015083, P50CA116201, U01CA069912
- Status last verified
- Aug 2026
- First submitted
- 31 Mar 2011
- Last updated
- 25 Aug 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 25 Aug 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Phase I Study of Z-Endoxifen as a Hormonal Therapy for Breast Cancer
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01327781
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- NCI-2011-00847
- Conditions
- HER2/Neu Positive, Recurrent Breast Carcinoma, Stage IIIC Breast Cancer AJCC v7, Stage IV Breast Cancer AJCC v6 and v7
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Active, not recruiting
- Enrolment
- 62 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)US National Institutes of Health
- Study start
- 25 Mar 2011 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 5 Mar 2017 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Oct 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 4 Apr 2011 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This phase I trial studies the side effects and the best dose of Z-endoxifen hydrochloride in treating patients with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer that has spread to other places in the body (metastatic) or has come back at or near the same place as the original tumor (locally recurrent). Estrogen can cause the growth of breast cancer cells. Hormone therapy using Z-endoxifen hydrochloride may fight breast cancer by blocking the use of estrogen by tumor cells.
Detailed description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:
- To determine either the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of Z-endoxifen hydrochloride or the dose level associated with endoxifen steady state concentration (Css) of at least 2 uM in women with metastatic estrogen-receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer. (Dose Escalation Cohort) II. To describe the safety profile of Z-endoxifen (Z-endoxifen hydrochloride) at each of the doses examined. (Dose Escalation Cohort) III. To evaluate changes in vision after 2 cycles of treatment. (Dose Escalation Cohort) IV. To gather preliminary data on the clinical benefit in terms of tumor response rate and progression-free survival. (Dose Escalation Cohort) V. To evaluate the changes in the frequency and severity of hot flashes after 2 cycles of treatment. (Expansion Cohort) VI. Evaluate changes in irritability scale using a validated irritability questionnaire. (Expansion Cohort) VII. To evaluate changes in markers of bone formation and absorption after 2 cycles of treatment. (Expansion Cohort) XIII. To evaluate changes in vision after 2 cycles of treatment. (Expansion Cohort).
IX. To further characterize the safety profile of Z-endoxifen. (Expansion Cohort)
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
- To characterize the plasma pharmacokinetics and urinary excretion of Z-endoxifen at each of the doses examined.
II. For patients beginning in dose level 7 as well as the expansion cohorts, we will describe any changes in tumor expression of ER (both full length and truncated forms), progesterone receptor (PR), steroid receptor co-activator (SRC)1, SRC3, as well as the insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF)1R/phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/v-akt Murine Thymoma Viral Oncogene Homolog 1 (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and proliferation-related Ki-67 antigen (Ki67) after 1 cycle of treatment (approximately 28 days).
III. To determine the frequency of estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) mutations and the presence of antitumor activity (response rate and progression free survival [PFS]) in all patients whose tumors harbor ESR1 alterations.
IV. To determine whether the ESR1 mutations identified in pre-treatment tumor biopsies can be detected in matched plasma cell free deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from the same patients.
OUTLINE: This is a dose-escalation study followed by an expansion cohort study.
Patients receive Z-endoxifen hydrochloride orally (PO) on days 1-28. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up for 30 days and then at 3 months.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment (Z-endoxifen hydrochloride) | Experimental | Drug: Endoxifen Hydrochloride, Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis, Other: Pharmacological Study, Other: Questionnaire AdministrationPatients receive Z-endoxifen hydrochloride PO on days 1-28. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (37 listed)
- Histologically confirmed diagnosis of metastatic or locally recurrent breast cancer
- ER positive defined as > 1% nuclear staining on the biopsy that was obtained at the confirmation of metastatic or locally recurrent disease
- Lesion type of either evaluable or measurable disease
- Pre- or post-menopausal female
- For the expansion cohorts: tumor that is accessible for biopsy
Key exclusion criteria (35 listed)
- Any of the following therapies prior to registration:
- Prior endoxifen therapy
- Prior history of:
- Personal history of coagulopathy
- Active DVT and/or PE requiring anti-coagulant therapy
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Endoxifen HydrochlorideAlso: Z-Endoxifen HCl, Z-Endoxifen HydrochlorideGiven PO | Drug | Treatment (Z-endoxifen hydrochloride) |
| Laboratory Biomarker AnalysisCorrelative studies | Other | Treatment (Z-endoxifen hydrochloride) |
| Pharmacological StudyCorrelative studies | Other | Treatment (Z-endoxifen hydrochloride) |
| Questionnaire AdministrationAncillary studies | Other | Treatment (Z-endoxifen hydrochloride) |
Primary outcome
MTD defined as the highest dose level where at most 1 of 6 patients develops a dose limiting toxicity and 2 or more of the 3-6 patients treated at the next higher dose level develop a dose limiting toxicity
Time frame: 28 days
Assessed using the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0. The maximum grade of each type of toxicity will be recorded for each patient. For each toxicity reported by dose level, the percentage of patients developing any degree of that toxicity as well as the percentage of patients developing a severe degree (grade 3 or higher) will be determined.
3 secondary outcomes
Progression-free survival
Time frame: From study entry to the documentation of disease progression, assessed up to 3 months
Overall survival
Time frame: From study entry to death due to any cause, assessed up to 3 months
Change in hot flash scores graded using a hot flash diary and the hot flash interference scale
Time frame: Baseline to day 28
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 25 Aug 2026.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Matthew P Goetz principal investigator
Mayo Clinic
3 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 1 study testing Endoxifen Hydrochloride, Laboratory Biomarker Analysis and Pharmacological Study in people with HER2/Neu Positive and Recurrent Breast Carcinoma, run by National Cancer Institute (NCI) at 3 sites in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 37 inclusion and 35 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: under way, not looking for participants, as of the sponsor's last update on 25 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 3 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 1 studies test a treatment in a small group of people for the first time or in a new way, mainly to check safety and find the right dose.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
MTD defined as the highest dose level where at most 1 of 6 patients develops a dose limiting toxicity and 2 or more of the 3-6 patients treated at the next higher dose level develop a dose limiting toxicity (time frame: 28 days). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 25 Aug 2026; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 8 Nov 2026.