LeukemiaPhase 1NCT01287104
A Phase I Study of NK Cell Infusion Following Allogeneic Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation From Related or Matched Unrelated Donors in Pediatric Patients With Solid Tumors and Leukemias
A Phase 1 study testing Natural Killer (NK) Cell Infusion and Stem Cell Infusion in people with Leukemia and Lymphoma, run by National Cancer Institute (NCI) at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
Background: Bone marrow stem cells, which are found in the bone marrow and blood stream, can be collected and transplanted to treat a variety of types of cancer in a process known as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 4 to 35 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- What is being tested?
- Natural Killer (NK) Cell Infusion and Stem Cell Infusion
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 34 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 29 Jan 2011to 28 Jun 2018
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 4 to 35 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult
Who may be able to join
- Hematologic Malignancies Diagnoses:
- Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with a history of bone marrow relapse in clinical remission (CR) #2 or greater, or in CR#1 if prior induction failure; or with an M1 marrow if unable to achieve CR.
- Philadelphia chromosome positive ALL patients who;
- Have progressed through or relapsed following tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy or conventional myeloablative therapy
- OR
- Are ineligible to receive tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy AND myeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT)
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- Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) with a history of bone marrow relapse in remission CR #2 or greater; or with an M1 marrow if unable to achieve CR; or in CR#1 if prior induction failure; or any of the following High-Risk categories:
- Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3)/internal tandem duplication (ITD)+ with high allelic ratio > 0.4 (high allelic ration (HR) FLT3/ITD+) regardless of low risk features.
- Presence of monosomy 7, monosomy 5, or del5q, without inv(16)/t(16;16) or t(8;21) cytogenetics or NPM or CEBP(alpha) mutations.
- Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) without inv(16)/t(16;16), t(8;21), nucleophosmin (NPM), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (CEPB)(alpha) mutations, monosomy 7, monosomy 5, del5q, or HR FLT3/ITD+, but with evidence of residual AML (greater than or equal to 0.1%) at end of Induction I.
- Hodgkin's and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma with refractory disease or relapse after at least one salvage regimen, or after autologous stem cell transplant
- Juvenile Myelocytic Leukemia (JMML) with less than 10% blasts in marrow and blood, who are not eligible for effective standard therapies.
- Age: 4 to less than or equal to 35 years old at the time of enrollment for solid tumor patients and 4 to less than or equal to 35 years old for hematologic malignancies.
- All previous cytotoxic chemotherapy must be completed at least 3 weeks prior to study entry. Any prior non-hematologic vital organ toxicity (cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic, renal) of any previous therapy must have resolved to grade 1 or less, unless specified elsewhere in Inclusion Criteria for Patient (Recipient).
- EXCEPTIONS:
- There is no time restriction in regard to prior intrathecal chemotherapy provided there is complete recovery from any acute toxic effects; or
- Subjects receiving standard acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) maintenance chemotherapy will not require washout.
- All previous immunologic or molecularly targeted therapy must be completed at least 1 week prior to study entry. Any prior non-hematologic toxicity of any previous therapy must have resolved to grade 1 or less, unless specified elsewhere in Inclusion Criteria for Patient (Recipient).
- Prior investigational therapy must be completed at least 30 days prior to study entry
- Patients with prior autologous or allogeneic transplant are eligible. Patients must be greater than 100 days post transplant and have no evidence of active graft versus host disease (GVHD).
- Performance status: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) 0, 1 or 2, or for children less than or equal to 10 years of age, Lansky greater than or equal to 60. Life expectancy greater than 3 months.
- Availability of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched (5-6/6 antigen or 8/8 allele) related or unrelated donor.
- Cardiac function: Left ventricular ejection fraction greater than or equal to 45% by multi-gated acquisition scan (MUGA) or echocardiogram (ECHO), fractional shortening greater than or equal to 28% by ECHO.
- Pulmonary function: Diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) >= 40% of the expected value corrected for alveolar volume and hgb for reduced intensity transplant and DLCO >=55% for myeloablative regimen. For children who are unable to cooperate for pulmonary function tests (PFTs), the criterion is: No evidence of dyspnea at rest, no exercise intolerance, and no requirement for supplemental oxygen therapy.
- Liver function: Serum total bilirubin less than 2 mg/dl, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) less than or equal to 2.5 times upper limit of normal. Patients with Gilbert syndrome are excluded from the requirement of a normal bilirubin. (Gilbert syndrome is found in 3-10% of the general population, and is characterized by mild, chronic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in the absence of liver disease or overt hemolysis).
- Renal function: Age-adjusted normal serum creatinine according to the following, or a creatinine clearance greater than or equal to 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2):
- For age (years) of less than or equal to 5, a Maximum serum creatinine (mg/dl) of 0.8
- For age (years) of greater than 5 but less than or equal to 10, a Maximum serum creatinine (mg/dl) of 1.0
- For age (years) of greater than 10 but less than or equal to 15, a Maximum serum creatinine (mg/dl) of 1.2
- For age (years) of greater than 15, a Maximum serum creatinine (mg/dl) of 1.5
- Marrow function: Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) must be greater than 750/mm(3) (unless due to underlying disease in which case there is no grade restriction), platelet count must be greater than or equal to 75,000/mm(3) (not achieved by transfusion) unless due to underlying disease in which case there is no grade restriction). Lymphopenia, cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) lymphopenia, leukopenia, and anemia will not render patients ineligible.
- Ability to give informed consent. For patients less than 18 years of age their legal guardian must give informed consent. Pediatric patients will be included in age-appropriate discussion in order to obtain verbal assent.
- Durable power of attorney form completed (patients greater than or equal to 18 years of age only).
- Female patients (and when relevant their male partners) must be willing to practice birth control (including abstinence) during and for two months after treatment, if of childbearing potential.
- Weight greater than or equal to 15 kilograms and for unrelated donors, greater than or equal to 18 years.
- HLA-matched related or unrelated allogeneic donors. Genotypically identical twins may serve as stem cell donors. Related donors must be 5 or 6/6 antigen matched. Unrelated donors must be 8/8 allele matched.
- For donors less than 18 years of age, he/she must be the oldest suitable donor, their legal guardian must give informed consent, the donor must give verbal assent, and he/she must be cleared by social work and a mental health specialist to participate.
- For donors greater than or equal to 18 years of age, ability to give informed consent.
- Adequate peripheral venous access for apheresis or consent to use a temporary central venous catheter for apheresis.
- Donor selection will be in accordance with National Institutes of Health (NIH)/Clinical Center (CC) Department of Transfusion Medicine (DTM) criteria and, in the case of an unrelated donor, the National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP) standards and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 21 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 1271.
Who cannot join
- Uncontrolled infection.
- Active central nervous system (CNS) malignancy as defined by:
- Solid Tumors: History of untreated CNS tumor involvement. Extradural masses which have not invaded the brain parenchyma or parameningeal tumors without evidence for leptomeningeal spread will not render the patient ineligible. Patients with previous CNS tumor involvement are eligible IF the CNS tumor(s) has been treated and has been stable or resolving for at least 6 months; and if the patient does not currently require steroids.
- Lymphoma: tumor mass on computed tomography (CT) scan or leptomeningeal disease
- Leukemia: CNS 2 or CNS 3 classification.
- Lactating or pregnant females (due to risk to fetus or newborn).
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- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive (due to unacceptable risk associated with severe immune suppression).
- Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive or hepatitis C antibody positive with elevated liver transaminases. All patients with chronic active hepatitis (including those on treatment) are ineligible.
- Patients who require systemic corticosteroid or other immunosuppressive therapy. Immunosuppressive therapy must be stopped at least 28 days prior to protocol cycle 1, day 1 (C1D1). Topical agents and/or inhaled corticosteroids are permitted.
- High risk of inability to comply with transplant protocol, or inability to give appropriate informed consent in the estimation of the principal investigator (PI), social work, psychiatry, or the stem cell transplant team.
- Fanconi Anemia
- Clinically significant systemic illness (e.g. serious active infections or significant cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic or other organ dysfunction), that in the judgment of the PI would likely compromise the patients ability to tolerate protocol therapy or significantly increase the risk of complications.
- History of medical illness that in the estimation of the PI or DTM/NMDP physician poses prohibitive risk to donation including, but not limited to, stroke, hypertension that is not controlled with medication, or heart disease. Individuals with symptomatic angina or a history of coronary bypass grafting or angioplasty will not be eligible.
- Anemia (Hemoglobin (Hb) less than 11 gm/dl) or thrombocytopenia (less than100,000/microliters).
- Identical twins will be excluded; the lack of Major histocompatibility complex Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) incompatibility will alter the toxicity profile in such a way as to make the results uninterpretable.
- Breast feeding or pregnant females. Donors of childbearing potential must use an effective method of contraception during the time they are receiving filgrastim. The effects of cytokine administration on a fetus are unknown and may be potentially harmful. The effects upon breast milk are also unknown and may potentially be harmful to the infant.
- High risk of inability to comply with protocol requirements as determined by the principal investigator and donor center team.
- Positive screening test for transfusion-transmissible infection in accordance with DTM or NMDP donation standards, including HIV-positive, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive or hepatitis C antibody positive.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, Maryland, 20892
About this study
Official title: A Phase I Study of NK Cell Infusion Following Allogeneic Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation From Related or Matched Unrelated Donors in Pediatric Patients With Hematologic Malignancies
Background:
- Bone marrow stem cells, which are found in the bone marrow and blood stream, can be collected and transplanted to treat a variety of types of cancer in a process known as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). When stem cells are taken from one person, most commonly a sibling or a family member, and then given to another person, this is referred to as allogeneic HSCT. Allogeneic HSCT has proven to be an especially effective treatment for patients with some types of cancers of the blood (leukemia) and certain solid tumors. The transplanted stem cells travel to the patient's bone marrow and begin producing normal blood cells, and also attack patients cancer cells.
- Because allogenic HSCT does not always prevent the cancer from returning, researchers are interested in determining whether another type of immune cell taken from the stem cell donors white blood cells, called a "natural killer" (NK) cell, can be given in addition to the HSCT to help fight the tumor. In the laboratory, NK cells have been shown to kill tumor cells, but it is not yet know if this will occur when given to patients after HSCT.
Read more
Objectives:
- To determine the safety, effectiveness, and immune system response of giving NK white blood cells to individuals who have received allogeneic HSCT.
- To identify possible side effects from the treatment.
Eligibility:
- Donors: Stem cell donors whose blood matches one of the recipients on six out of six human leukocyte antigen (HLA) (blood immune marker) types. The donor may not be the identical twin of a recipient.
- Recipients: Individuals between 4 and 35 years of age who have been diagnosed with pediatric solid tumors that have not responded to standard treatment, or individuals between 4 and 18 years of age who have been diagnosed with leukemia that has not responded to standard treatment.
- Other eligibility requirements which include a physical exam and blood laboratory evaluation are included to make sure it is safe for both the donor to donate and the recipient to undergo the transplant procedure.
Design:
- Donors and recipients will be screened with a full medical history and physical examination, and will provide blood and urine samples; recipients will have tumor imaging studies and other tests as required by the researchers.
- Donors:
- Participants will receive filgrastim injections (to stimulate the bone marrow) for 1 week to make stem cells travel from bone marrow to blood.
- Participants will provide stem cells and NK cells through apheresis.
- Recipients:
- Participants will have three cycles of chemotherapy to treat the underlying cancer and weaken the immune system so that it will accept the donor cells.
- Participants will then receive preparative chemotherapy for the transplant and two days after the last dose of chemotherapy, participants will have allogenic HSCT using the donated stem cells.
- Participants will receive an infusion of NK cells on days 7 and 35 after the HSCT. - Participants will remain in the hospital for monitoring after the HSCT and NK cell treatments, and will be followed closely as outpatients for the first 6 months after the transplant and then less frequently for at least 5 years.
Read the detailed description
Background
- Despite progress in pediatric oncology, some patient subsets with hematologic malignancies and pediatric solid tumors continue to experience extremely poor overall survival. Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT) is effective in some high-risk hematologic malignancies.
- Allogeneic HSCT can be performed safely in these patient populations, but disease recurrence is common and new approaches to enhance the antitumor effect of this therapy are needed. Natural killer (NK) mediated killing appears to confer improved outcomes after HSCT for patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and NK cell infusions have induced complete remissions in patients with AML.
- Preclinical data demonstrates that activated NK cells readily kill pediatric solid tumors and leukemias, that large numbers of activated NK cells can be generated ex vivo using artificial antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and that the post-transplant period may be favorable for expansion and survival of adoptively transferred NK cells.
Objectives
- To assess the feasibility and toxicity of infusing escalating doses of donor-derived activated NK cell donor lymphocyte infusions (NK-DLI) on Days 7 plus or minus 2 days and 49 plus or minus 7 days following human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched T cell depleted (TCD) peripheral blood stem cell transplant (PBSCT) in patients with metastatic or recurrent pediatric solid tumors and high risk leukemias who have unrelated donors or related donors;
- To determine if patients treated in this manner experience rapid, sustained donor engraftment and acceptable rates of acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) (less than 25% incidence of grade III or grade IV).
Eligibility
-Patients 4-35 years with hematologic malignancies (e.g., ALL, AML, Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML), Hodgkins Lymphoma (HD), Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma (NHL), with a 5/6 or 6/6 HLA-matched related or 9/10 or 10/10 HLA matched unrelated donor.
Design
- Pre-transplant disease specific immune depleting chemotherapy and the preparative regimen will be the same as that used previously on 02-C-0259 and 01-C-0125, for those patients undergoing reduced intensity transplant.
- For patients with ALL or AML, a myeloablative regimen based on current Children's Oncology Group (COG) standard-of- care preparative regimen will also be included.
- Donors will undergo 1-3 apheresis sessions for filgrastim mobilized peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC). This product will be T cell and NK cell depleted prior to cryopreservation. NK cells selected from the product will be used for ex vivo activation and expansion using KT64.4-BBL artificial antigen presenting cells.
- A phase 1 cell dose escalation of donor derived NK-DLI will be performed using 3 dose levels (1 x 10(5), 1 x 10(6) and 1 x 10(7) NK cells/kg) infused on days 21 more or less 3 post-PBSCT and a second infusion on day 49 more or less 7 post-PBSCT.
- Three patients will be enrolled at each dose level, with the cohort expanded to 6 if dose-limiting toxicity occurs. An expanded group of 12 patients will be treated at the highest dose level tolerated.
- Being tested
- Natural Killer (NK) Cell Infusion, Stem Cell Infusion
- Keywords
- Leukemia/Lymphoma, Hematologic Malignancies, Leukemia, Lymphoma, Ewing Sarcoma, Rhabdomyosarcoma, Neuroblastoma, Healthy Donor
- Medical subject headings
- Leukemia, Lymphoma, Hematologic Neoplasms, Sarcoma, Ewing, Rhabdomyosarcoma, Neuroblastoma
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Natural Killer (NK) Cell InfusionBiological
Post-transplant Day 21 (plus-minus 3 days): (1 x 10(5), 1 x 10(6) or 1 x 10(7) natural killer (NK) cells/kg by intravenous (IV) infusion. Followed by a second NK cell infusion of the same cell dose, on Day 49 plus-minus 7 days.
Stem Cell InfusionBiological
Transplant Day 0: >4 x 10(6)/kg cluster of differentiation 34 (CD34)+ stem cells by IV infusion Filgrastim, 5 microgram/kg per day subcutaneous (SQ) from day 0 until absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >5000/microliters x2
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Pre-Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) Prep Regimen | Experimental | Pre-bone marrow transplant (BMT) Prep Regimen with Stem Cell and natural killer (NK) Cell Infusions coupled with Induction therapy Receives: Biological: Natural Killer (NK) Cell Infusion; Biological: Stem Cell Infusion |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Number of Patients Who Received 2 Doses of Natural Killer (NK) Cell Infusions
Participants received 2 doses of natural killer infusions within 56 days of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT).
Measured: within 56 days of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT)
Number of Patients Who Received the Highest Dose Level of NK Cells (1x10^6 NK Cells/kg for Patients With Related Donors and 1 x10^5 NK Cells/kg for Patients With Unrelated Donors) With Sustained Donor Lymphoid Engraftment
Donor engraftment is defined as >95% donor lymphoid chimerism (cluster of differentiation 3+T-cells on peripheral blood).
Measured: 100 days
Secondary outcomes (7)
Number of Participants With Mild, Moderate and/or Severe Chronic Graft Versus Host Disease (cGVHD)
Chronic graft versus host disease was assessed by the National Institutes of Health Consensus Criteria. Severity is rated mild moderate or severe on a scale of 0 (no symptoms) -3 (severe symptoms) . Mild is signs and symptoms that do not interfere substantially with function and do not progress once appropriately treated with local therapy. Moderate is signs and symptoms interfere somewhat with function despite appropriate therapy. Severe is signs and symptoms limit function substantially despite appropriate therapy. Low grade is best outcome and high grade is worse outcome.
Measured: up to 3 years post-transplant
Disease-free Survival
Disease free survival is defined as the time interval from start of treatment to documented evidence of disease progression. Progression was assessed by the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria. Progressive disease is at least a 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of all target lesions.
Measured: 12 months post-transplant
Overall Survival Since Date of Transplant
Overall survival is defined as the time from date of transplant until date of death or date last known alive.
Measured: Up to 36 months post-transplant
Number of Occurrences of Viral Infection and/or Reactivation in Allogeneic Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplant (PBSCT) Followed by Natural Killer-donor Lymphocyte Infusion (NK-DLI)
One or more occurrences of a new infection, reactivation or both (e.g. cytomegalovirus + flu, for example). Viral infections increase a patient's risk for a worse outcome and viral reactivation is a marker for T-cell immune dysregulation (i.e., inflammation).
Measured: Within 1-year post-transplant
Number of Participants With a Decline in Interleukin 7 (IL-7) and Interleukin 15 (IL-15) Cell Numbers Post-Transplant
Cytokine levels are checked in a multiplex format according to manufacturer's instructions (Meso Scale Discovery, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America (USA).
Measured: 3 years
Number of Participants With Presence of Killer-cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptors (KIR) Gene Mismatch
Blood samples and/or buccal swabs were obtained and the presence of Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) genes was determined by locus specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification followed by gel electrophoresis. KIR receptors were examined for a mismatch in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) ligand. A mismatch in the HLA ligand can signal increased anti-tumor activity, enhanced engraftment, and/or less infectious complications for patients.
Measured: Prior to stem cell transplant (Day 0)
Number of Participants With Serious and Non-serious Adverse Events Assessed by the Common Terminology Criteria in Adverse Events (CTCAE v4.0)
Here is the count of participants with serious and non-serious adverse events assessed by the Common Terminology Criteria in Adverse Events (CTCAE v4.0). A non-serious adverse event is any untoward medical occurrence. A serious adverse event is an adverse event or suspected adverse reaction that results in death, a life threatening adverse drug experience, hospitalization, disruption of the ability to conduct normal life functions, congenital anomaly/birth defect or important medical events that jeopardize the patient or subject and may require medical or surgical intervention to prevent one of the previous outcomes mentioned
Measured: Date treatment consent signed to date off study, approximately 65 months and 2 days.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted1 Feb 2011 (estimated)
- Study start29 Jan 2011
- Primary completion28 Jun 2018
- Study completion28 Jun 2018
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for LeukemiaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by National Cancer Institute (NCI)The sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Intervention model
- Sequential
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 34 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- Sponsor type
- US National Institutes of Health
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Nirali N. Shah, M.D., National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- Investigators
- Nirali N Shah, M.D., Principal investigator, National Cancer Institute (NCI)
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01287104
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 110073
- Other IDs
- 11-C-0073
- Status last verified
- Aug 2019
- First submitted
- 29 Jan 2011
- Last updated
- 22 Aug 2019
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Shah NN, Baird K, Delbrook CP, Fleisher TA, Kohler ME, Rampertaap S, Lemberg K, Hurley CK, Kleiner DE, Merchant MS, Pittaluga S, Sabatino M, Stroncek DF, Wayne AS, Zhang H, Fry TJ, Mackall CL. Acute GVHD in patients receiving IL-15/4-1BBL activated NK cells following T-cell-depleted stem cell transplantation. Blood. 2015 Jan 29;125(5):784-92. doi: 10.1182/blood-2014-07-592881. Epub 2014 Dec 1.
PubMed 25452614
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 22 Aug 2019. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Phase I Study of NK Cell Infusion Following Allogeneic Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation From Related or Matched Unrelated Donors in Pediatric Patients With Hematologic Malignancies
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01287104
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 110073
- Keywords
- Leukemia/Lymphoma, Hematologic Malignancies, Leukemia, Lymphoma, Ewing Sarcoma, Rhabdomyosarcoma, Neuroblastoma, Healthy Donor
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 34 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)US National Institutes of Health
- Study start
- 29 Jan 2011 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 28 Jun 2018 (actual)
- Study completion
- 28 Jun 2018 (actual)
- First posted
- 1 Feb 2011 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 22 Aug 2019
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Background:
- Bone marrow stem cells, which are found in the bone marrow and blood stream, can be collected and transplanted to treat a variety of types of cancer in a process known as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). When stem cells are taken from one person, most commonly a sibling or a family member, and then given to another person, this is referred to as allogeneic HSCT. Allogeneic HSCT has proven to be an especially effective treatment for patients with some types of cancers of the blood (leukemia) and certain solid tumors. The transplanted stem cells travel to the patient's bone marrow and begin producing normal blood cells, and also attack patients cancer cells.
- Because allogenic HSCT does not always prevent the cancer from returning, researchers are interested in determining whether another type of immune cell taken from the stem cell donors white blood cells, called a "natural killer" (NK) cell, can be given in addition to the HSCT to help fight the tumor. In the laboratory, NK cells have been shown to kill tumor cells, but it is not yet know if this will occur when given to patients after HSCT.
Objectives:
- To determine the safety, effectiveness, and immune system response of giving NK white blood cells to individuals who have received allogeneic HSCT.
- To identify possible side effects from the treatment.
Eligibility:
- Donors: Stem cell donors whose blood matches one of the recipients on six out of six human leukocyte antigen (HLA) (blood immune marker) types. The donor may not be the identical twin of a recipient.
- Recipients: Individuals between 4 and 35 years of age who have been diagnosed with pediatric solid tumors that have not responded to standard treatment, or individuals between 4 and 18 years of age who have been diagnosed with leukemia that has not responded to standard treatment.
- Other eligibility requirements which include a physical exam and blood laboratory evaluation are included to make sure it is safe for both the donor to donate and the recipient to undergo the transplant procedure.
Design:
- Donors and recipients will be screened with a full medical history and physical examination, and will provide blood and urine samples; recipients will have tumor imaging studies and other tests as required by the researchers.
- Donors:
- Participants will receive filgrastim injections (to stimulate the bone marrow) for 1 week to make stem cells travel from bone marrow to blood.
- Participants will provide stem cells and NK cells through apheresis.
- Recipients:
- Participants will have three cycles of chemotherapy to treat the underlying cancer and weaken the immune system so that it will accept the donor cells.
- Participants will then receive preparative chemotherapy for the transplant and two days after the last dose of chemotherapy, participants will have allogenic HSCT using the donated stem cells.
- Participants will receive an infusion of NK cells on days 7 and 35 after the HSCT. - Participants will remain in the hospital for monitoring after the HSCT and NK cell treatments, and will be followed closely as outpatients for the first 6 months after the transplant and then less frequently for at least 5 years.
Detailed description
Background
- Despite progress in pediatric oncology, some patient subsets with hematologic malignancies and pediatric solid tumors continue to experience extremely poor overall survival. Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT) is effective in some high-risk hematologic malignancies.
- Allogeneic HSCT can be performed safely in these patient populations, but disease recurrence is common and new approaches to enhance the antitumor effect of this therapy are needed. Natural killer (NK) mediated killing appears to confer improved outcomes after HSCT for patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and NK cell infusions have induced complete remissions in patients with AML.
- Preclinical data demonstrates that activated NK cells readily kill pediatric solid tumors and leukemias, that large numbers of activated NK cells can be generated ex vivo using artificial antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and that the post-transplant period may be favorable for expansion and survival of adoptively transferred NK cells.
Objectives
- To assess the feasibility and toxicity of infusing escalating doses of donor-derived activated NK cell donor lymphocyte infusions (NK-DLI) on Days 7 plus or minus 2 days and 49 plus or minus 7 days following human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched T cell depleted (TCD) peripheral blood stem cell transplant (PBSCT) in patients with metastatic or recurrent pediatric solid tumors and high risk leukemias who have unrelated donors or related donors;
- To determine if patients treated in this manner experience rapid, sustained donor engraftment and acceptable rates of acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) (less than 25% incidence of grade III or grade IV).
Eligibility
-Patients 4-35 years with hematologic malignancies (e.g., ALL, AML, Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML), Hodgkins Lymphoma (HD), Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma (NHL), with a 5/6 or 6/6 HLA-matched related or 9/10 or 10/10 HLA matched unrelated donor.
Design
- Pre-transplant disease specific immune depleting chemotherapy and the preparative regimen will be the same as that used previously on 02-C-0259 and 01-C-0125, for those patients undergoing reduced intensity transplant.
- For patients with ALL or AML, a myeloablative regimen based on current Children's Oncology Group (COG) standard-of- care preparative regimen will also be included.
- Donors will undergo 1-3 apheresis sessions for filgrastim mobilized peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC). This product will be T cell and NK cell depleted prior to cryopreservation. NK cells selected from the product will be used for ex vivo activation and expansion using KT64.4-BBL artificial antigen presenting cells.
- A phase 1 cell dose escalation of donor derived NK-DLI will be performed using 3 dose levels (1 x 10(5), 1 x 10(6) and 1 x 10(7) NK cells/kg) infused on days 21 more or less 3 post-PBSCT and a second infusion on day 49 more or less 7 post-PBSCT.
- Three patients will be enrolled at each dose level, with the cohort expanded to 6 if dose-limiting toxicity occurs. An expanded group of 12 patients will be treated at the highest dose level tolerated.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Intervention model
- Sequential
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Pre-Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) Prep Regimen | Experimental | Biological: Natural Killer (NK) Cell Infusion, Biological: Stem Cell InfusionPre-bone marrow transplant (BMT) Prep Regimen with Stem Cell and natural killer (NK) Cell Infusions coupled with Induction therapy |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 4 to 35 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Key inclusion criteria (40 listed)
- Hematologic Malignancies Diagnoses:
- OR
- Age: 4 to less than or equal to 35 years old at the time of enrollment for solid tumor patients and 4 to less than or equal to 35 years old for hematologic malignancies.
- All previous cytotoxic chemotherapy must be completed at least 3 weeks prior to study entry. Any prior non-hematologic vital organ toxicity (cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic, renal) of any previous therapy must have resolved to grade 1 or less, unless specified elsewhere in Inclusion Criteria for Patient (Recipient).
- There is no time restriction in regard to prior intrathecal chemotherapy provided there is complete recovery from any acute toxic effects; or
Key exclusion criteria (18 listed)
- Uncontrolled infection.
- Active central nervous system (CNS) malignancy as defined by:
- Lactating or pregnant females (due to risk to fetus or newborn).
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive (due to unacceptable risk associated with severe immune suppression).
- Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive or hepatitis C antibody positive with elevated liver transaminases. All patients with chronic active hepatitis (including those on treatment) are ineligible.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Natural Killer (NK) Cell InfusionPost-transplant Day 21 (plus-minus 3 days): (1 x 10(5), 1 x 10(6) or 1 x 10(7) natural killer (NK) cells/kg by intravenous (IV) infusion. Followed by a second NK cell infusion of the same cell dose, on Day 49 plus-minus 7 days. | Biological | Pre-Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) Prep Regimen |
| Stem Cell InfusionTransplant Day 0: >4 x 10(6)/kg cluster of differentiation 34 (CD34)+ stem cells by IV infusion Filgrastim, 5 microgram/kg per day subcutaneous (SQ) from day 0 until absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >5000/microliters x2 | Biological | Pre-Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) Prep Regimen |
Primary outcome
Number of Patients Who Received 2 Doses of Natural Killer (NK) Cell Infusions
Time frame: within 56 days of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT)
Participants received 2 doses of natural killer infusions within 56 days of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT).
Number of Patients Who Received the Highest Dose Level of NK Cells (1x10^6 NK Cells/kg for Patients With Related Donors and 1 x10^5 NK Cells/kg for Patients With Unrelated Donors) With Sustained Donor Lymphoid Engraftment
Time frame: 100 days
Donor engraftment is defined as >95% donor lymphoid chimerism (cluster of differentiation 3+T-cells on peripheral blood).
7 secondary outcomes
Number of Participants With Mild, Moderate and/or Severe Chronic Graft Versus Host Disease (cGVHD)
Time frame: up to 3 years post-transplant
Disease-free Survival
Time frame: 12 months post-transplant
Overall Survival Since Date of Transplant
Time frame: Up to 36 months post-transplant
Number of Occurrences of Viral Infection and/or Reactivation in Allogeneic Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplant (PBSCT) Followed by Natural Killer-donor Lymphocyte Infusion (NK-DLI)
Time frame: Within 1-year post-transplant
Number of Participants With a Decline in Interleukin 7 (IL-7) and Interleukin 15 (IL-15) Cell Numbers Post-Transplant
Time frame: 3 years
Number of Participants With Presence of Killer-cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptors (KIR) Gene Mismatch
Time frame: Prior to stem cell transplant (Day 0)
Number of Participants With Serious and Non-serious Adverse Events Assessed by the Common Terminology Criteria in Adverse Events (CTCAE v4.0)
Time frame: Date treatment consent signed to date off study, approximately 65 months and 2 days.
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 22 Aug 2019.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Results publication: PubMed 25452614Shah NN, Baird K, Delbrook CP, Fleisher TA, Kohler ME, Rampertaap S, Lemberg K, Hurley CK, Kleiner DE, Merchant MS, Pittaluga S, Sabatino M, Stroncek DF, Wayne AS, Zhang H, Fry TJ, Mackall CL. Acute GVHD in patients receiving IL-15/4-1BBL activated NK cells following T-cell-depleted stem cell transplantation. Blood. 2015 Jan 29;125(5):784-92. doi: 10.1182/blood-2014-07-592881. Epub 2014 Dec 1.
- NIH Clinical Center Detailed Web PageLink provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Nirali N Shah, M.D. principal investigator
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 1 study testing Natural Killer (NK) Cell Infusion and Stem Cell Infusion in people with Leukemia and Lymphoma, run by National Cancer Institute (NCI) at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 40 inclusion and 18 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 22 Aug 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 1 studies test a treatment in a small group of people for the first time or in a new way, mainly to check safety and find the right dose.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 22 Aug 2019). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Number of Patients Who Received 2 Doses of Natural Killer (NK) Cell Infusions (time frame: within 56 days of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT)). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01287104, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 22 Aug 2019.