Major DepressionNCT01178424
My Depression Wellness Toolkit Study
A study testing Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy and Cognitive Behaviour Therapy in people with Major Depression, run by Centre for Addiction and Mental Health at 1 site in Canada.
Trial summary
Major depressive disorder (MDD) continues to have a profound impact on individuals, families, and the health care system. Despite marked success in treating active individual episodes of unipolar depression, our understanding of the neural and cognitive mechanisms involved in the return of symptoms remains extremely… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Major Depression
- What is being tested?
- Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy and Cognitive Behaviour Therapy
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 166 participants
- Where
- 1 siteCanada
- Study dates
- Aug 2010to Dec 2017
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Women or men 18-65 years of age
- Meeting criteria for prior depression, currently in recovery or remission, according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th eg; DSM-IV-TR, (American Psychiatric Association, 2000)
- A baseline score of ≤ 12 on the HRSD (Hamilton, 1960)
- Internet access
- English proficiency at or above a grade 8 level
Who cannot join
- Schizophrenia or current psychosis
- Organic mental disorder
- Pervasive developmental delay (PDD)
- Current substance dependence
- Imminent suicide or homicide risk
- Axis I or II disorder that necessitates primary treatment not provided in the study
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Major depressive disorder (MDD) continues to have a profound impact on individuals, families, and the health care system. Despite marked success in treating active individual episodes of unipolar depression, our understanding of the neural and cognitive mechanisms involved in the return of symptoms remains extremely limited, and few interventions exist that specifically target factors involved in prophylaxis. The research being proposed is among the first that is designed to examine neurocognitive markers for depressive relapse vulnerability and link them directly to clinical prognosis.
Hypothesis 1: Cortical midline structures (CMS) network recruitment will be associated with behavioural and neural indices of a reflexive attentional bias towards dysphoric stimuli in a divided attention task.
Read more
Hypothesis 2: Behavioural and neural indices of dysphoric attentional bias following mood challenge will predict depression relapse in prospective 18-month follow up.
Hypothesis 3: Relative to CBT, Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) will normalize CMS and right insular/fronto-opercular cortices (INS-FO) network imbalance.
Hypothesis 4: Relative to CBT, MBCT will normalize to healthy control levels, behavioural and neural indices of dysphoric attentional bias, which will be predictive of reduced relapse risk across a 24 month follow up.
Read the detailed description
Relapse and recurrence following recovery from Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) are common and debilitating outcomes that carry enormous social costs [1-3]. Our CIHR funded program of research has studied the nature of psychological vulnerability in affective disorder. We have recently identified the activation of a depressive cognitive mode triggered by temporary dysphoric states as a reliable risk marker for depressive relapse [4, see attached]. In parallel, functional imaging studies have increased our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying normative affective responses [5] and have begun to examine their dysregulation in affective disorder [6-8]. Our research has identified potential brain biomarkers that predict episode relapse in unipolar depression. However, it remains unknown how these potential biomarkers are related to dysphoria-triggered information processing modes that also predict relapse, and whether these neurocognitive vulnerabilities are amenable to intervention, resulting in more lasting prophylaxis. The present proposal employs a cognitive neuroscience approach to examine whether our previously identified neural markers of depression relapse and prophylaxis are associated with a dysphoric information processing mode. In particular, we will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and behavioural probes to undertake a finely tuned examination of mood linked biases in attention toward dysphoric stimulus events (i.e., sad faces) to link our previously identified neural markers with a specific information processing mode. Further, our preliminary data presented here demonstrate a correlation between these mood linked neural markers and relapse, but we cannot demonstrate that these markers are causally related to relapse or prophylaxis. To address this, we will examine whether these markers and associated dysphoric attentional biases are 1) modifiable via attentional training designed to overcome reflexive modes of thought and perception and 2) are predictive of relapse status across an 24-month prospective follow up of treated patients. This research will elucidate the neural and information processing correlates that may signal relapse risk in recovered depressed patients. This knowledge will increase our limited understanding of the mechanisms underlying enduring depressive relapse vulnerability as well as assess potentially efficient strategies for relapse prophylaxis.
- Conditions
- Major Depression
- Being tested
- Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy, Cognitive Behaviour Therapy
- Keywords
- Unipolar depression, Mindfulness based cognitive therapy, Cognitive behavioural Therapy, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Relapse, Depressive relapse, Dysphoric, Cognitive reactivity, Serotonin transporter gene
- Medical subject headings
- Depressive Disorder, Major, Depressive Disorder, Recurrence
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Mindfulness Based Cognitive TherapyBehavioural
Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy, a manualized, group skills training program (Segal et al., 2013) that is based on an integration of aspects of cognitive therapy for depression (Beck, 1979) with components of the mindfulness-based stress reduction program (Kabat-Zinn, 1990). Patients participate in 8 weekly sessions, each of which incorporates didactic and experiential learning, along with home practice of skills taught in the program.
Cognitive Behaviour TherapyBehavioural
CBT is an evidence based depression-specific psychotherapy that examines the relationship between thinking styles and the perpetuation of mood symptoms in major depression. Patients use thought records and activity scheduling, among other tools, to record and reappraise their thinking during situations where negative affect is present, both in session and for homework.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy | Experimental | Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy is a manualized, group skills training program (Segal et al., 2013) that is based on an integration of aspects of cognitive therapy for depression (Beck, 1979) with components of the mindfulness-based stress reduction program (Kabat-Zinn, 1990). Patients participate in 8 weekly sessions, each of which incorporates didactic and experiential learning, along with home practice of mindfulness skills taught in the program. Receives: Behavioral: Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy |
| Cognitive Behaviour Therapy | Active comparator | CBT is an evidence based depression-specific psychotherapy that examines the relationship between thinking styles and the perpetuation of mood symptoms in major depression. Patients use thought records and activity scheduling, among other tools, to record and reappraise their thinking during situations where negative affect is present, both in session and for homework. Receives: Behavioral: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Rates of relapse/recurrence based on CMS and INS/FO configuration.
Patients who relapse will show Increased neural activation in CMS compared to INS/FO regions compared to non relapsers
Measured: 2 years
Secondary outcomes (2)
Changes in CMS and INSFO network imbalance following MBCT compared to CBT
Patients in MBCT will show greater levels of activation in INS/FO compared to patients in CBT
Measured: 2 years
Changes in attentional processing of dysphoric stimuli between the groups
Relapsers will show greater attention to negative self-descriptive adjectives compared to non-relapsers.
Measured: 8 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted10 Aug 2010 (estimated)
- Study startAug 2010
- Primary completionAug 2017
- Study completionDec 2017
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (9)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Major DepressionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Investigator
- Enrolment
- 166 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- University of Toronto
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Zindel Segal, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
- Investigators
- Zindel V. Segal, PhD, Principal investigator, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01178424
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 093/2010
- Status last verified
- Mar 2018
- First submitted
- 9 Aug 2010
- Last updated
- 13 Mar 2018
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
Publications
Farb NA, Segal ZV, Mayberg H, Bean J, McKeon D, Fatima Z, Anderson AK. Attending to the present: mindfulness meditation reveals distinct neural modes of self-reference. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2007 Dec;2(4):313-22. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsm030.
PubMed 18985137Farb NA, Anderson AK, Mayberg H, Bean J, McKeon D, Segal ZV. Minding one's emotions: mindfulness training alters the neural expression of sadness. Emotion. 2010 Feb;10(1):25-33. doi: 10.1037/a0017151.
PubMed 20141299Segal ZV, Bieling P, Young T, MacQueen G, Cooke R, Martin L, Bloch R, Levitan RD. Antidepressant monotherapy vs sequential pharmacotherapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, or placebo, for relapse prophylaxis in recurrent depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2010 Dec;67(12):1256-64. doi: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.168.
PubMed 21135325Segal, Z. V., Williams, J. M., & Teasdale, J. D. (2013). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford Press.
Wu LC, Livingston JL, Segal ZV, Farb NAS. Functional brain biomarkers of self-referential bias in remitted depressed outpatients: a randomized controlled trial. Neuroimage Clin. 2026 Jun 19;51:104025. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2026.104025. Online ahead of print.
PubMed 42330837Wu LC, Segal ZV, Farb NAS. Depression vulnerability and gray matter integrity of interoceptive networks in remitted depressed outpatients. J Affect Disord. 2025 Jul 1;380:113-123. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2025.03.106. Epub 2025 Mar 21.
PubMed 40122253Farb NAS, Desormeau P, Anderson AK, Segal ZV. Static and treatment-responsive brain biomarkers of depression relapse vulnerability following prophylactic psychotherapy: Evidence from a randomized control trial. Neuroimage Clin. 2022;34:102969. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.102969. Epub 2022 Feb 19.
PubMed 35367955Segal ZV, Anderson AK, Gulamani T, Dinh Williams LA, Desormeau P, Ferguson A, Walsh K, Farb NAS. Practice of therapy acquired regulatory skills and depressive relapse/recurrence prophylaxis following cognitive therapy or mindfulness based cognitive therapy. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2019 Feb;87(2):161-170. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000351. Epub 2018 Nov 15.
PubMed 30431297Farb N, Anderson A, Ravindran A, Hawley L, Irving J, Mancuso E, Gulamani T, Williams G, Ferguson A, Segal ZV. Prevention of relapse/recurrence in major depressive disorder with either mindfulness-based cognitive therapy or cognitive therapy. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2018 Feb;86(2):200-204. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000266. Epub 2017 Dec 21.
PubMed 29265831
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 13 Mar 2018. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- My Depression Wellness Toolkit Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT01178424
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 093/2010
- Conditions
- Major Depression
- Keywords
- Unipolar depression, Mindfulness based cognitive therapy, Cognitive behavioural Therapy, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Relapse, Depressive relapse, Dysphoric, Cognitive reactivity
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 166 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Centre for Addiction and Mental HealthUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- University of Toronto
- Study start
- Aug 2010 (actual)
- Primary completion
- Aug 2017 (actual)
- Study completion
- Dec 2017 (actual)
- First posted
- 10 Aug 2010 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) continues to have a profound impact on individuals, families, and the health care system. Despite marked success in treating active individual episodes of unipolar depression, our understanding of the neural and cognitive mechanisms involved in the return of symptoms remains extremely limited, and few interventions exist that specifically target factors involved in prophylaxis. The research being proposed is among the first that is designed to examine neurocognitive markers for depressive relapse vulnerability and link them directly to clinical prognosis.
Hypothesis 1: Cortical midline structures (CMS) network recruitment will be associated with behavioural and neural indices of a reflexive attentional bias towards dysphoric stimuli in a divided attention task.
Hypothesis 2: Behavioural and neural indices of dysphoric attentional bias following mood challenge will predict depression relapse in prospective 18-month follow up.
Hypothesis 3: Relative to CBT, Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) will normalize CMS and right insular/fronto-opercular cortices (INS-FO) network imbalance.
Hypothesis 4: Relative to CBT, MBCT will normalize to healthy control levels, behavioural and neural indices of dysphoric attentional bias, which will be predictive of reduced relapse risk across a 24 month follow up.
Detailed description
Relapse and recurrence following recovery from Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) are common and debilitating outcomes that carry enormous social costs [1-3]. Our CIHR funded program of research has studied the nature of psychological vulnerability in affective disorder. We have recently identified the activation of a depressive cognitive mode triggered by temporary dysphoric states as a reliable risk marker for depressive relapse [4, see attached]. In parallel, functional imaging studies have increased our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying normative affective responses [5] and have begun to examine their dysregulation in affective disorder [6-8]. Our research has identified potential brain biomarkers that predict episode relapse in unipolar depression. However, it remains unknown how these potential biomarkers are related to dysphoria-triggered information processing modes that also predict relapse, and whether these neurocognitive vulnerabilities are amenable to intervention, resulting in more lasting prophylaxis. The present proposal employs a cognitive neuroscience approach to examine whether our previously identified neural markers of depression relapse and prophylaxis are associated with a dysphoric information processing mode. In particular, we will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and behavioural probes to undertake a finely tuned examination of mood linked biases in attention toward dysphoric stimulus events (i.e., sad faces) to link our previously identified neural markers with a specific information processing mode. Further, our preliminary data presented here demonstrate a correlation between these mood linked neural markers and relapse, but we cannot demonstrate that these markers are causally related to relapse or prophylaxis. To address this, we will examine whether these markers and associated dysphoric attentional biases are 1) modifiable via attentional training designed to overcome reflexive modes of thought and perception and 2) are predictive of relapse status across an 24-month prospective follow up of treated patients. This research will elucidate the neural and information processing correlates that may signal relapse risk in recovered depressed patients. This knowledge will increase our limited understanding of the mechanisms underlying enduring depressive relapse vulnerability as well as assess potentially efficient strategies for relapse prophylaxis.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy | Experimental | Behavioral: Mindfulness Based Cognitive TherapyMindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy is a manualized, group skills training program (Segal et al., 2013) that is based on an integration of aspects of cognitive therapy for depression (Beck, 1979) with components of the mindfulness-based stress reduction program (Kabat-Zinn, 1990). Patients participate in 8 weekly sessions, each of which incorporates didactic and experiential learning, along with home practice of mindfulness skills taught in the program. |
| Cognitive Behaviour Therapy | Active comparator | Behavioral: Cognitive Behaviour TherapyCBT is an evidence based depression-specific psychotherapy that examines the relationship between thinking styles and the perpetuation of mood symptoms in major depression. Patients use thought records and activity scheduling, among other tools, to record and reappraise their thinking during situations where negative affect is present, both in session and for homework. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Women or men 18-65 years of age
- Meeting criteria for prior depression, currently in recovery or remission, according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th eg; DSM-IV-TR, (American Psychiatric Association, 2000)
- A baseline score of ≤ 12 on the HRSD (Hamilton, 1960)
- Internet access
- English proficiency at or above a grade 8 level
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Schizophrenia or current psychosis
- Organic mental disorder
- Pervasive developmental delay (PDD)
- Current substance dependence
- Imminent suicide or homicide risk
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Mindfulness Based Cognitive TherapyMindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy, a manualized, group skills training program (Segal et al., 2013) that is based on an integration of aspects of cognitive therapy for depression (Beck, 1979) with components of the mindfulness-based stress reduction program (Kabat-Zinn, 1990). Patients participate in 8 weekly sessions, each of which incorporates didactic and experiential learning, along with home practice of skills taught in the program. | Behavioural | Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy |
| Cognitive Behaviour TherapyCBT is an evidence based depression-specific psychotherapy that examines the relationship between thinking styles and the perpetuation of mood symptoms in major depression. Patients use thought records and activity scheduling, among other tools, to record and reappraise their thinking during situations where negative affect is present, both in session and for homework. | Behavioural | Cognitive Behaviour Therapy |
Primary outcome
Rates of relapse/recurrence based on CMS and INS/FO configuration.
Time frame: 2 years
Patients who relapse will show Increased neural activation in CMS compared to INS/FO regions compared to non relapsers
2 secondary outcomes
Changes in CMS and INSFO network imbalance following MBCT compared to CBT
Time frame: 2 years
Changes in attentional processing of dysphoric stimuli between the groups
Time frame: 8 weeks
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 13 Mar 2018.
- Background: PubMed 18985137Farb NA, Segal ZV, Mayberg H, Bean J, McKeon D, Fatima Z, Anderson AK. Attending to the present: mindfulness meditation reveals distinct neural modes of self-reference. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2007 Dec;2(4):313-22. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsm030.
- Background: PubMed 20141299Farb NA, Anderson AK, Mayberg H, Bean J, McKeon D, Segal ZV. Minding one's emotions: mindfulness training alters the neural expression of sadness. Emotion. 2010 Feb;10(1):25-33. doi: 10.1037/a0017151.
- Background: PubMed 21135325Segal ZV, Bieling P, Young T, MacQueen G, Cooke R, Martin L, Bloch R, Levitan RD. Antidepressant monotherapy vs sequential pharmacotherapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, or placebo, for relapse prophylaxis in recurrent depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2010 Dec;67(12):1256-64. doi: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.168.
- BackgroundSegal, Z. V., Williams, J. M., & Teasdale, J. D. (2013). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford Press.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 42330837Wu LC, Livingston JL, Segal ZV, Farb NAS. Functional brain biomarkers of self-referential bias in remitted depressed outpatients: a randomized controlled trial. Neuroimage Clin. 2026 Jun 19;51:104025. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2026.104025. Online ahead of print.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 40122253Wu LC, Segal ZV, Farb NAS. Depression vulnerability and gray matter integrity of interoceptive networks in remitted depressed outpatients. J Affect Disord. 2025 Jul 1;380:113-123. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2025.03.106. Epub 2025 Mar 21.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 35367955Farb NAS, Desormeau P, Anderson AK, Segal ZV. Static and treatment-responsive brain biomarkers of depression relapse vulnerability following prophylactic psychotherapy: Evidence from a randomized control trial. Neuroimage Clin. 2022;34:102969. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.102969. Epub 2022 Feb 19.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 30431297Segal ZV, Anderson AK, Gulamani T, Dinh Williams LA, Desormeau P, Ferguson A, Walsh K, Farb NAS. Practice of therapy acquired regulatory skills and depressive relapse/recurrence prophylaxis following cognitive therapy or mindfulness based cognitive therapy. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2019 Feb;87(2):161-170. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000351. Epub 2018 Nov 15.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 29265831Farb N, Anderson A, Ravindran A, Hawley L, Irving J, Mancuso E, Gulamani T, Williams G, Ferguson A, Segal ZV. Prevention of relapse/recurrence in major depressive disorder with either mindfulness-based cognitive therapy or cognitive therapy. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2018 Feb;86(2):200-204. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000266. Epub 2017 Dec 21.
- Information about research at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Canada's largest mental health and addiction teaching hospital. It is fully affiliated with the University of Toronto, and is a PAHO/WHO Collaborating CentreLink provided by the sponsor.
Related trials for Major Depression
Not yet recruitingObservational study
Validation of Wearable Core Body Temperature-Based Circadian Rhythm Digital Biomarkers
Mood Disorders, Major Depressive Diorder
RecruitingPhase 3
A Study of Vortioxetine in Japanese Pediatric Patients With Major Depressive Disorder
Major Depressive Disorder
RecruitingPhase 1
Neuropharmacologic Imaging and Biomarker Assessments of Response to Acute and Repeated-Dosed Ketamine Infusions in Major Depressive Disorder
Healthy Volunteer, Major Depressive Disorder
Recruiting
rTMS to Target Neural Connectivity and Rumination in Treatment-Resistant Depression
Depression, Treatment Resistant
Recruiting
Ketogenic Diet and Neuromodulation in Treatment Resistant Depression
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Treatment Resistant Depression (TRD)
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Zindel V. Segal, PhD principal investigator
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy and Cognitive Behaviour Therapy in people with Major Depression, run by Centre for Addiction and Mental Health at 1 site in Canada.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 13 Mar 2018. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Canada. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Rates of relapse/recurrence based on CMS and INS/FO configuration. (time frame: 2 years). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT01178424, which also lists 9 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 13 Mar 2018.