Study of Tissue Samples From Women Treated With Paclitaxel for Breast Cancer on Clinical Trial CALGB-9344 or CALGB-9741

OBJECTIVES:

Primary

• To determine whether subtype-specific treatment effects correlate with disease-free survival (DFS), as determined by a significant interaction between PAM50-based intrinsic subtypes, and (a) paclitaxel benefit in CLB-9344 and (b) dose density in CALGB-9741.
• To determine whether subtype-specific treatment effects correlate with DFS for the HER2-negative subsets in CALGB-9344 and CALGB-9741, as determined by analysis of tissue microarray (TMA) and slides.
• To determine the relationship between PAM50-defined risk of relapse (ROR) score and DFS in CALGB-9344 and CALGB-9741.
• To evaluate the relationship between PAM50-defined ROR score and DFS in the HER2-negative subsets in CALGB-9344 and CALGB-9741, as determined by analysis of TMA and slides.
• To examine the relationship between PAM50-defined proliferation score and DFS in CALGB-9344 and CALGB-9741 in multivariate Cox-proportional hazards models including the following covariates: (a) number of positive lymph nodes, square root transformation; (b) menopausal status (pre versus peri/post); CALGB-9344 only; c) dose of doxorubicin hydrochloride (60/75/90 mg/m^2); and CALGB-9741 only; and (d) sequence of treatment.

Secondary

• To evaluate overall survival (OS) in a Cox-proportional hazards-regression model for testing the interaction between ROR with (a) paclitaxel benefit in CALGB-9344 and (b) dose density in CALGB-9741.
• To test for a significant interaction between ROR and paclitaxel benefit at 5-year and 10-year DFS.
• To test whether 5-year and 10-year DFS rates can be associated to a significant interaction between the proliferation score with (a) paclitaxel benefit in CALGB-9344 and (b) dose density in CALGB-9741.

OUTLINE: Tissue blocks from CALGB-9344 and CALGB-9741 are utilized to purify RNA to be tested in the PAM50 assay (a 50-gene quantitative PCR assay, that provides an intrinsic breast cancer subtype diagnosis) and generate risk of relapse (ROR) scores.

The assay identifies five subtypes with the following characteristics:

• Luminal A: This subtype expresses estrogen receptor (ER) accompanied by high levels of ER-associated gene expression. Genes associated with cell cycle activation are not highly expressed and this tumor type is only very rarely HER2+. This subgroup has the most favorable prognosis and is enriched for endocrine therapy responsive tumors.
• Luminal B: This subtype expresses ER and ER-associated gene expression but to a lower extent. Genes associated with cell cycle activation are highly expressed and this tumor type can be HER2+ (~20%) or HER2- thus, from the clinical perspective, Luminal B tumors are at least two further subtypes defined by the presence or absence of HER2-gene amplification. The prognosis is unfavorable (despite ER expression) and endocrine therapy responsiveness is generally diminished.
• Basal-like: This subtype is ER-, is almost always clinically HER2- and expresses a suite of "basal" biomarkers. Genes associated with cell cycle activation are highly expressed.
• HER2-enriched: This subtype is ER- and is HER2+ in the majority of cases. Genes associated with cell cycle activation are highly expressed and these tumors have a poor outcome. Tumors within this classification that are clinically HER2- fall into a class previously described as double-negative non-basal.
• Normal-like: A tumor subtype diagnosis cannot be provided from samples that exhibit a normal-like profile. Since this profile was trained on samples without cancer, "normal-like" implies there are too few tumor cells in the sample to make a true tumor subtype diagnosis.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 2,245 tissue blocks from CALGB-9544 and 1,432 tissue blocks from CALGB-9741 will be accrued for this study.