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PregnancyMiPPADNCT00811421

Evaluation of Alternative Antimalarial Drugs for Malaria in Pregnancy

A study testing Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, Mefloquine (full dose) and Mefloquine (split dose) in people with Pregnancy and Malaria, run by Hospital Clinic of Barcelona at 5 sites in 5 countries.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

The study aims at comparing the safety, tolerability and efficacy of Mefloquine (MQ) to Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine (SP) as Interment Preventive Treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) for the prevention of malaria effects on the mother and her infant. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Any age, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
Pregnancy, Malaria, HIV Infections
What is being tested?
Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, Mefloquine (full dose) and Mefloquine (split dose)
Type of treatment
Pill or oral medicine
Could I receive a placebo?
Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
How many people
5,820 participants
Where
5 sitesin 5 countries
Study dates
Sep 2009to Dec 2013
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages Any age
  • Women only
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Child, Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Trial 1:
  • Permanent resident in the area
  • Gestational age at the first antenatal visit ≤ 28 weeks
  • Signed informed consent
  • Agreement to deliver in the study site's maternity(ies) wards
  • Trial 2:
Show all 12Show fewer
  • Permanent resident in the area.
  • Gestational age at the first antenatal visit ≤ 28 weeks
  • HIV seropositive (after voluntary counseling and testing)
  • Indication to receive CTX prophylaxis (according to the national guidelines)
  • Signed informed consent
  • Agreement to deliver in the study site's maternity(ies) wards.

Who cannot join

  • Trial 1:
  • Residence outside the study area or planning to move out in the following 18 months from enrollment
  • Gestational age at the first antenatal visit > 28 weeks of pregnancy
  • Known history of allergy to sulfa drugs or mefloquine
  • Known history of severe renal, hepatic, psychiatric or neurological disease
  • MQ or halofantrine treatment in the preceding 4 weeks
Show all 14Show fewer
  • HIV infection
  • Participating in other studies
  • Trial 2:
  • Residence outside the study area or planning to move out in the following 10 months from enrollment
  • Gestational age at the first antenatal visit > 28 weeks of pregnancy
  • Known history of allergy to CTX or MQ
  • Known history of severe renal, hepatic, psychiatric or neurological disease
  • MQ or halofantrine treatment in the preceding 4 weeks

Trial locations and contacts

5 sites in 5 countries.

5 sites in 5 countries

Benin1 site
  • Faculté des Sciences de la Santé (FSS), Université d'Abomey Calavi

    Allada

Other trials in Benin

Gabon1 site
  • Medical Rsearch Unit (MRU), Albert Schweitzer Hospital

    Lambaréné

Other trials in Gabon

Kenya1 site
  • Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)/ CDC

    Kisumu

Other trials in Kenya

Mozambique1 site
  • Centro de Investigaçao em Saúde da Manhiça (CISM)

    Manhiça, Maputo Province

Other trials in Mozambique

Tanzania1 site
  • Ifakara Health Institute (IHI)

    Dodoma

Other trials in Tanzania

About this study

Official title: Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of Mefloquine as Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria in Pregnancy

The study aims at comparing the safety, tolerability and efficacy of Mefloquine (MQ) to Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine (SP) as Interment Preventive Treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) for the prevention of malaria effects on the mother and her infant.

Read the detailed description

The current recommendation by the World Health Organization (WHO) to prevent malaria infection in pregnancy in areas of stable malaria transmission relies on:

  • Prompt and effective case management of malaria illness
  • The use of intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) with at least 2 treatment doses of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) and
  • The use of insecticide treated nets (ITNs)

However, the spread of parasite resistance to SP, particularly in eastern Africa, and the significant overlap in some regions of malaria transmission and high prevalence of HIV infection, have raised concerns about the medium and long-term use of SP for IPTp.

HIV infection increases susceptibility to malaria and may reduce the efficacy of interventions. The evaluation of alternative antimalarials for IPTp is thus urgently needed also involving HIV infected women.

Of all the current available alternative antimalarial drugs, mefloquine (MQ) is the one that offers the most comparative advantages to SP.

A randomized multicenter trial will be conducted in 4 sites in Africa (Benin, Gabon, Tanzania and Mozambique) in order to compare the safety and efficacy of SP versus MQ as IPTp in the context of ITNs. In addition, MQ tolerability will be also evaluated by comparing the administration of MQ as a single intake with its administration as split dose in two days. In total 4716 pregnant women will be enrolled at the antenatal clinic (ANC) and will be followed until the infant is one year old.

Besides, in those countries where HIV prevalence in pregnant women is > 10%, MQ-IPTp will be compared to Placebo-IPTp in HIV infected pregnant women receiving cotrimoxazole (CTX) prophylaxis. This trial will be double blinded and will be carried out in Kenya, Tanzania and Mozambique. It will involve 1070 pregnant women that will be followed until the infant is 2 months old.

Being tested
Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, Mefloquine (full dose), Mefloquine (split dose), placebo, mefloquine
Keywords
Malaria, Pregnancy, HIV, Prevention, Malaria prevention
Medical subject headings
Malaria, HIV Infections

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamineDrug

    SP oral administration (500mg sulphadoxine and 25mg pyrimethamine) as IPTp at the 1st and 2nd Antenatal Clinic visit

  • Mefloquine (full dose)Drug

    MQ oral administration (15 mg/Kg) on 1 day at the 1st and 2nd Antenatal Clinic visit as IPTp

  • Mefloquine (split dose)Drug

    MQ oral administration (15 mg/kg) split dose over 2 days at the 1st and 2nd ANC visit as IPTp

  • placeboDrug

    MQ-placebo oral administration at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Antenatal Clinic visit as IPTp

  • mefloquineDrug

    MQ oral administration (15 mg/Kg) at the 1st and 2nd Antenatal Clinic visit as IPTp

Study groups in NCT00811421
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Trial 1: IPTp-SP+LLITNsActive comparatorHIV-negative pregnant women receiving 2 doses of IPTp (500mg of sulfadoxine and 25 mg of pyrimethamine) in the context of long lasting Insecticide Treated Nets (LLITNs)
Receives: Drug: Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine
Trial 1: IPTp-MQ (full dose) + LLITNsExperimentalHIV-negative pregnant women receiving 2 full doses of IPTp (15 mg/Kg) in the context of long lasting Insecticide Treated Nets (LLITNs)
Receives: Drug: Mefloquine (full dose)
Trial 1: IPTp-MQ (split dose)+LLITNsExperimentalHIV-negative pregnant women receiving 2 doses of MQ as IPTp split dose over 2 days (15mg/kg) in the context of long lasting Insecticide Treated Nets (LLITNs
Receives: Drug: Mefloquine (split dose)
Trial 2: CTX+IPTp-Placebo+LLITNsExperimentalHIV-positive pregnant women receiving 3 doses of IPTp (placebo) in the context of long lasting Insecticide Treated Nets (LLITNs)
Receives: Drug: placebo
Trial 2: CTX + IPTp-MQ+ LLITNsExperimentalHIV-positive pregnant women receiving 3 doses of IPTp (15 mg/Kg) in the context of long lasting Insecticide Treated Nets (LLITNs)
Receives: Drug: mefloquine

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Trial 1 (IPTp MQ vs IPTp SP): Low birth weight.

    Measured: day 0, birth

  2. Trial 2 (CTX+IPTp MQ vs. CTX+IPTp placebo): Peripheral parasitaemia.

    Measured: day 0, delivery

Secondary outcomes (2)
  1. Trial 1: Prevalence of placental P. falciparum infection. Prevalence of moderate maternal anaemia at delivery.

    Measured: day 0, delivery

  2. Trial 2: Prevalence of placental P. falciparum infection. Prevalence of low birth weight babies (< 2500 g).

    Measured: day 0, birth

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted19 Dec 2008 (estimated)
  2. Study startSep 2009
  3. Primary completionDec 2012
  4. Study completionDec 2013

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
Double blind
Who is masked
Participant, Investigator
Enrolment
5,820 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT00811421
Sponsor's protocol ID
IP.07.31080.002
Acronym
MiPPAD
Status last verified
Mar 2014
First submitted
18 Dec 2008
Last updated
20 Mar 2014
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
Yes

Publications

  • Barry KM, Zoumenou R, Boivin MJ, Massougbodji A, Gonzalez R, Bodeau-Livinec F. Assessment of long-term mental health effects of mefloquine use during pregnancy: a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial in Benin. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2026 Jul-Aug;72:103006. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.103006. Epub 2026 Jun 15.

    PubMed 42297066
  • Pons-Duran C, Wassenaar MJ, Yovo KE, Marin-Carballo C, Briand V, Gonzalez R. Intermittent preventive treatment regimens for malaria in HIV-positive pregnant women. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024 Sep 26;9(9):CD006689. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006689.pub3.

    PubMed 39324693
  • Garrison A, Boivin MJ, Fievet N, Zoumenou R, Alao JM, Massougbodji A, Cot M, Bodeau-Livinec F. The Effects of Malaria in Pregnancy on Neurocognitive Development in Children at 1 and 6 Years of Age in Benin: A Prospective Mother-Child Cohort. Clin Infect Dis. 2022 Mar 9;74(5):766-775. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab569.

    PubMed 34297062
  • Zoleko-Manego R, Mischlinger J, Dejon-Agobe JC, Basra A, Mackanga JR, Akerey Diop D, Adegnika AA, Agnandji ST, Lell B, Kremsner PG, Matsiegui PB, Gonzalez R, Menendez C, Ramharter M, Mombo-Ngoma G. Birth weight, growth, nutritional status and mortality of infants from Lambarene and Fougamou in Gabon in their first year of life. PLoS One. 2021 Feb 9;16(2):e0246694. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246694. eCollection 2021.

    PubMed 33561169
  • Garrison A, Khoshnood B, Courtin D, Milet J, Garcia A, Massougbodji A, Ayotte P, Cot M, Bodeau-Livinec F. Blood lead level in infants and subsequent risk of malaria: A prospective cohort study in Benin, Sub-Saharan Africa. PLoS One. 2019 Jul 18;14(7):e0220023. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220023. eCollection 2019.

    PubMed 31318954
  • Mireku MO, Davidson LL, Zoumenou R, Massougbodji A, Cot M, Bodeau-Livinec F. Consequences of prenatal geophagy for maternal prenatal health, risk of childhood geophagy and child psychomotor development. Trop Med Int Health. 2018 Aug;23(8):841-849. doi: 10.1111/tmi.13088. Epub 2018 Jun 22.

    PubMed 29876999
  • Moya-Alvarez V, Ouedraogo S, Accrombessi M, Cot M. High folate levels are not associated with increased malaria risk but with reduced anaemia rates in the context of high-dosed folate supplements and intermittent preventive treatment against malaria in pregnancy with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine in Benin. Trop Med Int Health. 2018 Jun;23(6):582-588. doi: 10.1111/tmi.13064. Epub 2018 May 21.

    PubMed 29683544
  • Ndam NT, Mbuba E, Gonzalez R, Cistero P, Kariuki S, Sevene E, Ruperez M, Fonseca AM, Vala A, Maculuve S, Jimenez A, Quinto L, Ouma P, Ramharter M, Aponte JJ, Nhacolo A, Massougbodji A, Briand V, Kremsner PG, Mombo-Ngoma G, Desai M, Macete E, Cot M, Menendez C, Mayor A. Resisting and tolerating P. falciparum in pregnancy under different malaria transmission intensities. BMC Med. 2017 Jul 17;15(1):130. doi: 10.1186/s12916-017-0893-6.

    PubMed 28712360
  • Gonzalez R, Ruperez M, Sevene E, Vala A, Maculuve S, Bulo H, Nhacolo A, Mayor A, Aponte JJ, Macete E, Menendez C. Effects of HIV infection on maternal and neonatal health in southern Mozambique: A prospective cohort study after a decade of antiretroviral drugs roll out. PLoS One. 2017 Jun 2;12(6):e0178134. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178134. eCollection 2017.

    PubMed 28575010
  • Mireku MO, Davidson LL, Boivin MJ, Zoumenou R, Massougbodji A, Cot M, Bodeau-Livinec F. Prenatal Iron Deficiency, Neonatal Ferritin, and Infant Cognitive Function. Pediatrics. 2016 Dec;138(6):e20161319. doi: 10.1542/peds.2016-1319. Epub 2016 Nov 17.

    PubMed 27940685
  • Mombo-Ngoma G, Mackanga JR, Gonzalez R, Ouedraogo S, Kakolwa MA, Manego RZ, Basra A, Ruperez M, Cot M, Kabanywany AM, Matsiegui PB, Agnandji ST, Vala A, Massougbodji A, Abdulla S, Adegnika AA, Sevene E, Macete E, Yazdanbakhsh M, Kremsner PG, Aponte JJ, Menendez C, Ramharter M. Young adolescent girls are at high risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa: an observational multicountry study. BMJ Open. 2016 Jun 29;6(6):e011783. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011783.

    PubMed 27357200
  • Bodeau-Livinec F, Glorennec P, Cot M, Dumas P, Durand S, Massougbodji A, Ayotte P, Le Bot B. Elevated Blood Lead Levels in Infants and Mothers in Benin and Potential Sources of Exposure. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016 Mar 11;13(3):316. doi: 10.3390/ijerph13030316.

    PubMed 26978384
  • Ruperez M, Gonzalez R, Mombo-Ngoma G, Kabanywanyi AM, Sevene E, Ouedraogo S, Kakolwa MA, Vala A, Accrombessi M, Briand V, Aponte JJ, Manego Zoleko R, Adegnika AA, Cot M, Kremsner PG, Massougbodji A, Abdulla S, Ramharter M, Macete E, Menendez C. Mortality, Morbidity, and Developmental Outcomes in Infants Born to Women Who Received Either Mefloquine or Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine as Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria in Pregnancy: A Cohort Study. PLoS Med. 2016 Feb 23;13(2):e1001964. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001964. eCollection 2016 Feb.

    PubMed 26905278
  • Mireku MO, Davidson LL, Koura GK, Ouedraogo S, Boivin MJ, Xiong X, Accrombessi MM, Massougbodji A, Cot M, Bodeau-Livinec F. Prenatal Hemoglobin Levels and Early Cognitive and Motor Functions of One-Year-Old Children. Pediatrics. 2015 Jul;136(1):e76-83. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-0491. Epub 2015 Jun 8.

    PubMed 26055847
  • Sicuri E, Fernandes S, Macete E, Gonzalez R, Mombo-Ngoma G, Massougbodgi A, Abdulla S, Kuwawenaruwa A, Katana A, Desai M, Cot M, Ramharter M, Kremsner P, Slustker L, Aponte J, Hanson K, Menendez C. Economic evaluation of an alternative drug to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine as intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy. PLoS One. 2015 Apr 27;10(4):e0125072. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125072. eCollection 2015.

    PubMed 25915616

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, Mefloquine (full dose) and Mefloquine (split dose) in people with Pregnancy and Malaria, run by Hospital Clinic of Barcelona at 5 sites in 5 countries.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 12 inclusion and 14 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 20 Mar 2014. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 5 sites in Benin, Gabon, Kenya, Mozambique, Tanzania. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Trial 1 (IPTp MQ vs IPTp SP): Low birth weight. (time frame: day 0, birth). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT00811421, which also lists 17 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 20 Mar 2014.

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