One-Year Trial Of Oral Ziprasidone In Patients With Metabolic Syndrome

MS risks factors: elevated waist circumference: greater than or equal to (>=)102 cm in men, >=88 cm in women (Asian origin: >=90 cm [men], >=80 cm [women]); elevated triglycerides: >=1.7 mmol/L (>=150 mg/dL); reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C): less than (<)1.03 mmol/L (<40 mg/dL) in men, <1.3 mmol/L (<50 mg/dL) in women; elevated fasting glucose: >=5.6 mmol/L (>=100 mg/dL); elevated SBP/DBP: SBP >=130 mmHg and/or DBP >=85 mmHg.

According to the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel III (ATPIII), metabolic syndrome is defined as a condition that includes 3 or more of 5 characteristics: abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, high blood pressure, and high fasting glucose.

MS risks factors: elevated waist circumference: >=102 cm in men, >=88 cm in women (Asian origin: >=90 cm [men], >=80 cm [women]); elevated triglycerides: >=1.7 mmol/L (>=150 mg/dL); reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C): <1.03 mmol/L (<40 mg/dL) in men, <1.3 mmol/L (<50 mg/dL) in women; elevated fasting glucose: >=5.6 mmol/L (>=100 mg/dL); elevated SBP/DBP: SBP >=130 mmHg and/or DBP >=85 mmHg.

MS risks factors: elevated waist circumference: >=102 cm in men, >=88 cm in women (Asian origin: >=90 cm [men], >=80 cm [women]); elevated triglycerides: >=1.7 mmol/L (>=150 mg/dL); reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C): <1.03 mmol/L (<40 mg/dL) in men, <1.3 mmol/L (<50 mg/dL) in women; elevated fasting glucose: >=5.6 mmol/L (>=100 mg/dL); elevated SBP/DBP: SBP >=130 mmHg and/or DBP >=85 mmHg.

Waist circumference data is reported separately for male and female participants.

BP measurement is recorded as systolic BP (SBP, BP when heart is contracting; it is the maximum arterial pressure during contraction of left ventricle) and diastolic BP (DBP, BP when heart is relaxing; it is the minimum arterial pressure during relaxation and dilation of ventricles).

Triglyceride data is reported for whole study population whereas HDL-C data is reported separately for male and female participants.

Framingham scoring system risk factors: age (risk points range: -9 to 16), cholesterol (risk points range: 0 to 13), HDL cholesterol (risk points range: -1 to 2), smoking (risk points range: 0 to 9), and systolic blood pressure (risk points range: 0 to 6); total risk points range <0 to >=25, higher score indicates higher CHD risk. The risk points are transformed to 10-year risk percentage for CHD which ranges from <1% to >=30%, where higher percent indicates greater risk for CHD.

Body mass index calculated as weight in kilograms (kg) divided by height in (meters) squared (m)^2 .

HbA1c is a form of hemoglobin that is measured primarily to identify the average plasma glucose concentration over prolonged periods of time.

Physical activity (exercise) score derived for each participant based on the frequency and intensity of physical activities: regular walking, recreational activity, cycling, and sporting activity. Six categories of total score: inactive (range: 0-2), occasional (range: 3-5), light (range: 6-8), moderate (range: 9-12), moderately vigorous (range: 13-20), and vigorous (>=21). Higher total score = higher frequency and intensity of physical activity.

QT interval is the time between the start of the Q wave and the end of the T wave in the cardiac electrical cycle. QTc is the QT interval corrected for heart rate. Corrected QT interval using Fridericia's heart rate correction formula: QTcF = QT/RR^1/3, where RR=RR interval in seconds (60 divided by heart rate).

Assesses positive and negative symptoms, general psychopathology specifically associated with schizophrenia. Scale consists of 30 items, each rated on scale from 1 (symptom not present) - 7 (symptoms extremely severe). Sum of 30 items is defined as PANSS total score, range:30-210. 7 items make up positive scale (delusions, conceptual disorganization, hallucinatory behavior); total range: 7-49. 7 items make up negative scale (blunted affect, emotional withdrawal, poor rapport, passive/apathetic social withdrawal); total range: 7-49. For each subscale, total score: higher score=greater severity.

CGI-S is a single-item, clinician-rated scale that assesses the global severity of the participants overall illness. CGI-S ratings range from 1 (normal, not at all ill) to 7 (among the most severely ill participants).

CGI-I is a single-item, clinician-rated scale that assesses global improvement in the participants clinical state in response to study treatment, and as compared to their status at pre-treatment baseline. Possible CGI-I scores range from 1 to 7, where 1=very much improved, 4=no change and 7=very much worse.

DAI, a 30-item scale measuring subjective responses to medication (including acceptability and tolerability which aims to understand the factors influencing treatment adherence). Scale has 15 items (statements) scored as true and 15 items scored as false. An overall calculated score ranged from -15 to 15, where a positive score indicated a positive subjective response (compliant), a negative score indicated non-compliance.

SOFAS: a 0-100 single score scale focusing exclusively on participant's level of social and occupational functioning; not directly influenced by overall severity of participant's psychological symptoms; higher score = higher level of functioning.

EQ-5D: participant rated questionnaire to assess health-related quality of life in terms of a single utility score. Health State Profile component assesses level of current health for 5 domains: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain and discomfort, and anxiety and depression; 1 indicates better health state (no problems); 3 indicates worst health state ("confined to bed"). Scoring formula developed by EuroQol Group assigns a utility value for each domain in the profile. Score is transformed and results in a total score range -0.594 to 1.000; higher score indicates a better health state.

EQ-5D: participant rated questionnaire to assess health-related quality of life in terms of a single index value. The VAS component rates current health state on a scale from 0 mm (worst imaginable health state) to 100 mm (best imaginable health state); higher scores indicate a better health state.

C-SSRS assessed whether participant experienced following: completed suicide(1), suicide attempt(2) (response of "Yes" on "actual attempt"), preparatory acts toward imminent suicidal behavior(3)("Yes" on "preparatory acts or behavior"), suicidal ideation(4) ("Yes" on "wish to be dead", "non-specific active suicidal thoughts", "active suicidal ideation with methods without intent to act/some intent to act, without specific plan or with specific plan and intent), any suicidal behavior or ideation, self-injurious behavior(7)("Yes" on "Has subject engaged in non-suicidal self-injurious behavior").