Posttraumatic Stress DisorderPhase 2NepicastatNCT00659230
Nepicastat for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in OIF/OEF Veterans
A Phase 2 study testing Nepicastat in people with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, run by Tuscaloosa Research & Education Advancement Corporation at 3 sites in United States.
Trial summary
This study proposes a multi-site, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of the dopamine-ß-hydroxylase (DBH) inhibitor, nepicastat, for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in outpatients who have previously served in a combat zone during Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 19 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
- What is being tested?
- Nepicastat
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 100 participants
- Where
- 3 sitesUnited States
- Study dates
- 1 Jul 2009to 30 Aug 2012
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 19 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Signed informed consent
- Patient understands the risks and benefits and agrees to visit frequency and procedures
- Male or female
- Any race or ethnic origin
- Served in OIF/OEF or Afghanistan conflicts or other Southwest Asia conditions
- Currently Active Duty, National Guard, Reservist, Veteran, and/or Retired Military
Show all 12Show fewer
- Diagnosis of PTSD (by MINI (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview) and CAPS-DX (Clinician Administered PTSD scale- Diagnostic Form) using Rule of Fours and total CAPS-DX score of 45)
- No substance use disorders in the previous 2 weeks and no substance dependence disorders in the past 4 weeks (except for nicotine and caffeine)
- Free of psychotropic medication for 2 weeks prior to randomization
- Physical and laboratory panel are within normal limits or not clinically significant
- Women of childbearing potential must be using medically-approved methods of birth control
- ≥19 to 65 years of age
Who cannot join
- Lifetime history of bipolar I, schizophrenia, schizoaffective or cognitive disorders
- Actively considering plans of suicide or homicide
- Psychotic symptoms that in the investigator's opinion impair the patient's ability to give informed consent or make it unsafe for patient to be maintained without a neuroleptic
- Unstable general medical conditions or a contraindication to the use of nepicastat
- Women planning to become pregnant or breastfeed during the study
- Current or pending incarceration
- Terminal Illness
Trial locations and contacts
3 sites in 1 country.
United States3 sites
VA San Diego Healthcare System
San Diego, California, 92161
James J.Peters VA Medical Center
The Bronx, New York, 10468
Tuscaloosa VAMC
Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 35404
About this study
Official title: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of the Dopamine-B-Hydroxylase (DBH) Inhibitor, Nepicastat, for the Treatment of PTSD in OIF/OEF Veterans
This study proposes a multi-site, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of the dopamine-ß-hydroxylase (DBH) inhibitor, nepicastat, for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in outpatients who have previously served in a combat zone during Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom (OIF/OEF)or other Southwest conditions since 19800. A DBH inhibitor's mechanism of action is to decrease neuronal noradrenaline (NA) release by inhibiting DBH conversion of dopamine (DA) to NA. Animal models of PTSD and human studies have found a substantial increase in NA activity for these animal models and for PTSD in humans. Furthermore, recent clinical studies have improved PTSD hyper-arousal symptoms by reducing the NA over-activity using agents like NA post-synaptic antagonists. Key support for the proposed study is based on a similar improvement in PTSD symptoms after treatment with the DBH inhibitor, disulfiram.
In the experience of the clinical investigators, the most common chief complaint of the OIF/OEF veterans with PTSD is hyperarousal (DSM-IV criterion D symptom cluster). These symptoms significantly interfere with social, occupational, and interpersonal function. Standard treatments with antidepressants are not fully effective in treating the symptoms of PTSD in veterans; thus, new treatments are needed. An intervention, such as nepicastat, aimed at reducing hyperarousal, as well as other PTSD symptoms, would have significant impact of restoring overall function and quality of life in OIF/OEF veterans with PTSD. Since hyperarousal symptoms responded relatively quickly to medications of this type, our study in 120 outpatient veterans with PTSD will compare nepicastat 120 mg/day vs. placebo in a 6-week double-blind, randomized clinical trial (RCT). The veterans will be followed for an additional 8 weeks after the RCT, during which, those who have a priori defined positive clinical response to the study medication, nepicastat vs. placebo, will be continued on the study medication, in order to assess further improvement and safety. Those patients who do not have a positive clinical response during the 6 week RCT will be offered the addition of the standard first-line PTSD pharmacotherapy, paroxetine, during the 8 weeks extension phase. Thus, weeks 7-14 offer an opportunity to evaluate longer-term nepicastat efficacy and to compare the treatment response of nonresponders after augmentation with paroxetine.
Read the detailed description
HYPOTHESES Primary Hypothesis: Compared to placebo treatment, nepicastat-treated OIF/OEF veterans with PTSD will have significantly reduced PTSD hyperarousal symptoms as defined by the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale [CAPS], subscale D (CAPS-D).
Secondary Hypotheses: Compared to placebo, nepicastat-treated OIF/OEF veterans with PTSD will have:
- Significantly reduced PTSD symptoms (total CAPS)
- Significantly reduced PTSD reexperiencing symptoms (CAPS-B)
- Significantly reduced PTSD avoidance symptoms (CAPS-C)
- Conditions
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
- Being tested
- Nepicastat, Placebo
- Keywords
- PTSD, Veterans, Nepicastat, OIF/OEF
- Medical subject headings
- Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
NepicastatDrug
Also called SYN117, Dopamine beta hydroxylase (DBH) inhibitor
100-800mg
PlaceboDrug
100-800mg placebo
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Placebo comparator | Arm 1 Receives: Drug: Placebo |
| Nepicastat | Active comparator | Arm 2 Receives: Drug: Nepicastat |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Clinician Administered PTSD Scale Subscore D (Hyperarousal)
The Clinician Administered PTSD Scale subscore D (CAPS-D) measures the hyperarousal cluster for PTSD symptoms (5 items). Higher scores indicate greater severity. Range for CAPS-D is zero to 40. The CAPS has acceptable test-retest reliability (0.98), sensitivity (0.84), specificity (0.95), internal consistency (0.76-0.88) and validity (κ=0.78).
Measured: Baseline, week 2, 4 and 6
Secondary outcomes (3)
Clinician Administered PTSD Scale Total Score
The Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) measures the full spectrum of PTSD symptoms. Higher scores indicate greater severity. Range for CAPS is zero to 136. The CAPS has acceptable test-retest reliability (0.98), sensitivity (0.84), specificity (0.95), internal consistency (0.76-0.88) and validity (κ=0.78).
Measured: Baseline, week 2,4, and 6
Clinician Administered PTSD Scale Subscale B Score
The Clinician Administered PTSD Subscale B (CAPS-B) measures the re-experiencing cluster of PTSD symptoms. Higher scores indicate greater severity. Range for CAPS-B is zero to 40. The CAPS has acceptable test-retest reliability (0.98), sensitivity (0.84), specificity (0.95), internal consistency (0.76-0.88) and validity (κ=0.78). Blake, D.D., Weathers, F.W., Nagy, L.M., Kaloupek, D.G., Gusman, F.D., Charney, D.S., Kean, T.M., 1995, The development of a clinician-administered PTSD scale. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 8:75-90.
Measured: 6 weeks
Clinician Administered PTSD Scale Subscale C Score
The Clinician Administered PTSD Subscale C (CAPS-C) measures the Avoidance and emotional numbing cluster of PTSD symptoms. Higher scores indicate greater severity. Range for CAPS-C is zero to 56. The CAPS has acceptable test-retest reliability (0.98), sensitivity (0.84), specificity (0.95), internal consistency (0.76-0.88) and validity (κ=0.78).
Measured: Baseline, week 2, 4, and 6
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted16 Apr 2008 (estimated)
- Study start1 Jul 2009
- Primary completion5 Jul 2012
- Study completion30 Aug 2012
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Posttraumatic Stress DisorderStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 100 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Tuscaloosa Research & Education Advancement Corporation
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Acorda Therapeutics, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Baylor College of Medicine, San Diego Veterans Healthcare System, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Lori Davis, MD, Tuscaloosa Research & Education Advancement Corporation
- Investigators
- Carlos Berry, M.D., Study chair, IRB Tuscaloosa VAMC
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00659230
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 08-06
- Other IDs
- PT074384/W81XWH-08-2-0071, PT074384/W81XWH-09-1-0287
- Acronym
- Nepicastat
- Status last verified
- Sep 2017
- First submitted
- 10 Mar 2008
- Last updated
- 13 Oct 2017
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Kosten TR, Krystal J. Biological mechanisms in posttraumatic stress disorder. Relevance for substance abuse. Recent Dev Alcohol. 1988;6:49-68. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-7718-8_3.
PubMed 3283864Graham DP, Nielsen DA, Kosten TR, Davis LL, Hamner MB, Makotkine I, Yehuda R. Examining the utility of using genotype and functional biology in a clinical pharmacology trial: pilot testing dopamine beta-hydroxylase, norepinephrine, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychiatr Genet. 2014 Aug;24(4):181-2. doi: 10.1097/YPG.0000000000000039. No abstract available.
PubMed 24983834
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 13 Oct 2017. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of the Dopamine-B-Hydroxylase (DBH) Inhibitor, Nepicastat, for the Treatment of PTSD in OIF/OEF Veterans
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00659230
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Nepicastat / 08-06
- Conditions
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
- Keywords
- PTSD, Veterans, Nepicastat, OIF/OEF
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 100 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Tuscaloosa Research & Education Advancement CorporationUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Acorda Therapeutics, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Baylor College of Medicine, San Diego Veterans Healthcare System, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center
- Study start
- 1 Jul 2009 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 5 Jul 2012 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Aug 2012 (actual)
- First posted
- 16 Apr 2008 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 1 Jun 2017
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study proposes a multi-site, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of the dopamine-ß-hydroxylase (DBH) inhibitor, nepicastat, for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in outpatients who have previously served in a combat zone during Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom (OIF/OEF)or other Southwest conditions since 19800. A DBH inhibitor's mechanism of action is to decrease neuronal noradrenaline (NA) release by inhibiting DBH conversion of dopamine (DA) to NA. Animal models of PTSD and human studies have found a substantial increase in NA activity for these animal models and for PTSD in humans. Furthermore, recent clinical studies have improved PTSD hyper-arousal symptoms by reducing the NA over-activity using agents like NA post-synaptic antagonists. Key support for the proposed study is based on a similar improvement in PTSD symptoms after treatment with the DBH inhibitor, disulfiram.
In the experience of the clinical investigators, the most common chief complaint of the OIF/OEF veterans with PTSD is hyperarousal (DSM-IV criterion D symptom cluster). These symptoms significantly interfere with social, occupational, and interpersonal function. Standard treatments with antidepressants are not fully effective in treating the symptoms of PTSD in veterans; thus, new treatments are needed. An intervention, such as nepicastat, aimed at reducing hyperarousal, as well as other PTSD symptoms, would have significant impact of restoring overall function and quality of life in OIF/OEF veterans with PTSD. Since hyperarousal symptoms responded relatively quickly to medications of this type, our study in 120 outpatient veterans with PTSD will compare nepicastat 120 mg/day vs. placebo in a 6-week double-blind, randomized clinical trial (RCT). The veterans will be followed for an additional 8 weeks after the RCT, during which, those who have a priori defined positive clinical response to the study medication, nepicastat vs. placebo, will be continued on the study medication, in order to assess further improvement and safety. Those patients who do not have a positive clinical response during the 6 week RCT will be offered the addition of the standard first-line PTSD pharmacotherapy, paroxetine, during the 8 weeks extension phase. Thus, weeks 7-14 offer an opportunity to evaluate longer-term nepicastat efficacy and to compare the treatment response of nonresponders after augmentation with paroxetine.
Detailed description
HYPOTHESES Primary Hypothesis: Compared to placebo treatment, nepicastat-treated OIF/OEF veterans with PTSD will have significantly reduced PTSD hyperarousal symptoms as defined by the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale [CAPS], subscale D (CAPS-D).
Secondary Hypotheses: Compared to placebo, nepicastat-treated OIF/OEF veterans with PTSD will have:
- Significantly reduced PTSD symptoms (total CAPS)
- Significantly reduced PTSD reexperiencing symptoms (CAPS-B)
- Significantly reduced PTSD avoidance symptoms (CAPS-C)
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind (participant, care provider, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Placebo comparator | Drug: PlaceboArm 1 |
| Nepicastat | Active comparator | Drug: NepicastatArm 2 |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 19 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (12 listed)
- Signed informed consent
- Patient understands the risks and benefits and agrees to visit frequency and procedures
- Male or female
- Any race or ethnic origin
- Served in OIF/OEF or Afghanistan conflicts or other Southwest Asia conditions
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Lifetime history of bipolar I, schizophrenia, schizoaffective or cognitive disorders
- Actively considering plans of suicide or homicide
- Psychotic symptoms that in the investigator's opinion impair the patient's ability to give informed consent or make it unsafe for patient to be maintained without a neuroleptic
- Unstable general medical conditions or a contraindication to the use of nepicastat
- Women planning to become pregnant or breastfeed during the study
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| NepicastatAlso: SYN117, Dopamine beta hydroxylase (DBH) inhibitor100-800mg | Drug | Nepicastat |
| Placebo100-800mg placebo | Drug | Placebo |
Primary outcome
Clinician Administered PTSD Scale Subscore D (Hyperarousal)
Time frame: Baseline, week 2, 4 and 6
The Clinician Administered PTSD Scale subscore D (CAPS-D) measures the hyperarousal cluster for PTSD symptoms (5 items). Higher scores indicate greater severity. Range for CAPS-D is zero to 40. The CAPS has acceptable test-retest reliability (0.98), sensitivity (0.84), specificity (0.95), internal consistency (0.76-0.88) and validity (κ=0.78).
3 secondary outcomes
Clinician Administered PTSD Scale Total Score
Time frame: Baseline, week 2,4, and 6
Clinician Administered PTSD Scale Subscale B Score
Time frame: 6 weeks
Clinician Administered PTSD Scale Subscale C Score
Time frame: Baseline, week 2, 4, and 6
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 13 Oct 2017.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Background: PubMed 3283864Kosten TR, Krystal J. Biological mechanisms in posttraumatic stress disorder. Relevance for substance abuse. Recent Dev Alcohol. 1988;6:49-68. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-7718-8_3.
- Background: PubMed 24983834Graham DP, Nielsen DA, Kosten TR, Davis LL, Hamner MB, Makotkine I, Yehuda R. Examining the utility of using genotype and functional biology in a clinical pharmacology trial: pilot testing dopamine beta-hydroxylase, norepinephrine, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychiatr Genet. 2014 Aug;24(4):181-2. doi: 10.1097/YPG.0000000000000039. No abstract available.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Carlos Berry, M.D. study chair
IRB Tuscaloosa VAMC
3 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing Nepicastat in people with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, run by Tuscaloosa Research & Education Advancement Corporation at 3 sites in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 12 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 13 Oct 2017. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 3 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 1 Jun 2017). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Clinician Administered PTSD Scale Subscore D (Hyperarousal) (time frame: Baseline, week 2, 4 and 6). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT00659230, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 13 Oct 2017.