Genital HerpesPhase 4NCT00527618
Trial to Study the Effect of Dose of Herpes Simplex Virus-2 (HSV-2) Suppressive Therapy on HSV and HIV
A Phase 4 study testing valacyclovir and acyclovir in people with Genital Herpes and HIV Infection, run by University of Washington at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
To compare the effect of high-dose valacyclovir (1 gram orally twice daily) versus standard-dose acyclovir (400 mg orally twice daily) on the frequency of genital HSV reactivation and on plasma HIV-1 levels among HSV-2/HIV-1 co-infected individuals. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Genital Herpes, HIV Infection
- What is being tested?
- valacyclovir and acyclovir
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 28 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- Dec 2007to Mar 2011
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Age 18 years or older
- Documented HIV-1 seropositive
- Not on HIV-1 antiretroviral therapy nor planning to initiate antiretroviral therapy during the study period
- Detectable HIV-1 plasma viral load
- HSV-2 seropositive as determined by western blot
- Not intending to move out of the area for the duration of study participation
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- Willing and able to provide independent written informed consent
- Willing and able to undergo clinical evaluations
- Willing and able to take study drug as directed
- Willing and able to adhere to follow-up schedule
Who cannot join
- Known history of adverse reaction to acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir
- Planned open label use of acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir
- History of evidence of CMV disease
- Known medical history of seizures
- Known renal insufficiency, defined as serum creatinine greater than 1.5 mg/dl
- AST or ALT greater than 3 times upper limit of normal
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- Hematocrit less than 30 %
- Neutropenia, defined as absolute neutrophil count less than 1000
- Thrombocytopenia, defined as platelet count less than 75,000
- History of thrombotic microangiopathy
- For women, pregnancy as confirmed by a urine pregnancy test
- Any other condition which, in the opinion of the principal investigator, may compromise the ability to follow study procedures and complete the study
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
University of Washington Virology Research Clinic
Seattle, Washington, 98122
About this study
Official title: A Randomized, Open-label, Crossover Trial of the Effect of Dosing of Daily HSV-2 Suppressive Therapy on HSV Reactivation and Plasma HIV-1 Levels Among HIV-1/ HSV-2 Co-infected Persons
To compare the effect of high-dose valacyclovir (1 gram orally twice daily) versus standard-dose acyclovir (400 mg orally twice daily) on the frequency of genital HSV reactivation and on plasma HIV-1 levels among HSV-2/HIV-1 co-infected individuals. The investigators hypothesize that high-dose valacyclovir will result in greater reduction in plasma HIV-1 and genital HSV reactivation.
Read the detailed description
We propose to conduct a randomized, open-label, cross-over study of 38 individuals who are HIV-1 seropositive and HSV-2 seropositive. Both men and women will be recruited for the study. Participants must not be on antiretroviral therapy and must not be planning to initiate antiretroviral therapy during the anticipated study period. Participants will be randomized 1:1 to receive acyclovir 400 mg twice daily or valacyclovir 1000 mg twice daily. After 12 weeks on the initial treatment, each participant will be crossed over to the alternative treatment arm for 12 weeks. The treatment periods will be separated by a 2-week washout period. During the first four weeks of each treatment period (i.e. weeks 1-4 and weeks 15-18), participants will provide self-collected genital swabs daily for HSV DNA quantification. Each week during the entire study period plasma samples will be collected from participants for HIV-1 RNA quantification.
Open-label acyclovir and valacyclovir will be used for this trial, as the primary outcome measures (genital HSV and plasma HIV-1) are unlikely to be influenced by knowledge of treatment assignment. However, laboratory staff performing plasma HIV-1 and genital HSV measurements will not be aware of treatment assignment.
Optional Sub-Study A: Sub-study A will be offered to study participants. The purpose of sub-study A is to measure the effect of valacyclovir twice daily on plasma HIV-1 replication.
- Conditions
- Genital Herpes, HIV Infection
- Being tested
- valacyclovir, acyclovir
- Keywords
- Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Treatment Naive
- Medical subject headings
- Herpes Genitalis, HIV Infections, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
valacyclovirDrug
Also called Valtrex
valacyclovir 1000 mg orally twice daily for 12 weeks.
acyclovirDrug
Also called Zovirax
acyclovir 400 mg orally twice daily for 12 weeks.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Standard-dose acyclovir | Active comparator | acyclovir 400 mg orally twice daily for 12 weeks. Receives: Drug: acyclovir |
| High-dose valacyclovir | Experimental | valacyclovir 1000 mg orally twice daily for 12 weeks. Receives: Drug: valacyclovir |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
The Quantity of HIV-1 RNA in Plasma While on 400 mg Twice Daily of Acyclovir Versus 1000 mg Twice Daily of Valacyclovir.
Weekly measurements of plasma HIV-1 RNA on each drug were compared. The primary analysis was of the average difference in plasma HIV-1 RNA on valacyclovir and acyclovir as determined by a linear mixed model. The median of the average per-participant plasma HIV-1 RNA levels on valacyclovir and valacyclovir is also listed.
Measured: 26 weeks (12 weeks per drug intervention)
The Genital HSV Shedding Rate While on 400 mg Twice Daily of Acyclovir Versus 1000 mg Twice Daily of Valacyclovir.
HSV DNA quantitated from daily self-collected genital swabs for the first four weeks of each drug intervention. The shedding rate was determined by the combined number of swabs with HSV detected divided by the combined number of swabs collected from participants, multiplied by 100.
Measured: The first four weeks of each intervention
Secondary outcomes (3)
The Effect of Valacyclovir 1 Gram Twice Daily Compared to Acyclovir 400 mg Twice Daily on the Percentage of Days With Genital Herpes Lesions.
The percentage of days with genital herpes lesions was determined by the combined diary days in which genital lesions were recorded divided by the combined number of diary days for participants in the first four weeks of each drug intervention, multiplied by 100.
Measured: 26 weeks (12 weeks per drug intervention)
The Effect of Valacyclovir 1 g Twice Daily Compared With Acyclovir 400 mg Twice Daily on the Quantity of Genital HSV Detected During Shedding Episodes.
HSV DNA was quantitated from daily self-collected genital swabs for the four weeks of each drug intervention. The quantity of genital HSV DNA present, when HSV DNA was detected, was compared.
Measured: The first four weeks of each intervention
Sub-Study: To Evaluate the Kinetics of Plasma HIV-1 Decline Over the First Three Days of High-dose Valacyclovir Administration.
Plasma HIV-1 RNA was measured one day prior to, at initiation, and at 6, 24, 48, and 72 hours after initiating valacyclovir. Measurements at 24, 48, and 72 hours were used to determine the rate of HIV-1 RNA decline.
Measured: 72 hours
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted11 Sep 2007 (estimated)
- Study startDec 2007
- Primary completionMar 2011
- Study completionMar 2011
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Other trials for Genital HerpesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of WashingtonThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 28 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Washington
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Jared Baeten, University of Washington
- Investigators
- Jared Baeten, MD, PhD, Principal investigator, University of WashingtonAnna Wald, MD, MPH, Study director, University of Washington
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00527618
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 31203
- Other IDs
- GSK VAL111009 - VAL140
- Status last verified
- May 2018
- First submitted
- 7 Sep 2007
- Last updated
- 7 Jun 2018
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 7 Jun 2018. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Randomized, Open-label, Crossover Trial of the Effect of Dosing of Daily HSV-2 Suppressive Therapy on HSV Reactivation and Plasma HIV-1 Levels Among HIV-1/ HSV-2 Co-infected Persons
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00527618
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 31203
- Conditions
- Genital Herpes, HIV Infection
- Keywords
- Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Treatment Naive
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 28 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of WashingtonUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Study start
- Dec 2007
- Primary completion
- Mar 2011 (actual)
- Study completion
- Mar 2011 (actual)
- First posted
- 11 Sep 2007 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 31 Jul 2012
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
To compare the effect of high-dose valacyclovir (1 gram orally twice daily) versus standard-dose acyclovir (400 mg orally twice daily) on the frequency of genital HSV reactivation and on plasma HIV-1 levels among HSV-2/HIV-1 co-infected individuals. The investigators hypothesize that high-dose valacyclovir will result in greater reduction in plasma HIV-1 and genital HSV reactivation.
Detailed description
We propose to conduct a randomized, open-label, cross-over study of 38 individuals who are HIV-1 seropositive and HSV-2 seropositive. Both men and women will be recruited for the study. Participants must not be on antiretroviral therapy and must not be planning to initiate antiretroviral therapy during the anticipated study period. Participants will be randomized 1:1 to receive acyclovir 400 mg twice daily or valacyclovir 1000 mg twice daily. After 12 weeks on the initial treatment, each participant will be crossed over to the alternative treatment arm for 12 weeks. The treatment periods will be separated by a 2-week washout period. During the first four weeks of each treatment period (i.e. weeks 1-4 and weeks 15-18), participants will provide self-collected genital swabs daily for HSV DNA quantification. Each week during the entire study period plasma samples will be collected from participants for HIV-1 RNA quantification.
Open-label acyclovir and valacyclovir will be used for this trial, as the primary outcome measures (genital HSV and plasma HIV-1) are unlikely to be influenced by knowledge of treatment assignment. However, laboratory staff performing plasma HIV-1 and genital HSV measurements will not be aware of treatment assignment.
Optional Sub-Study A: Sub-study A will be offered to study participants. The purpose of sub-study A is to measure the effect of valacyclovir twice daily on plasma HIV-1 replication.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Standard-dose acyclovir | Active comparator | Drug: acycloviracyclovir 400 mg orally twice daily for 12 weeks. |
| High-dose valacyclovir | Experimental | Drug: valacyclovirvalacyclovir 1000 mg orally twice daily for 12 weeks. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (10 listed)
- Age 18 years or older
- Documented HIV-1 seropositive
- Not on HIV-1 antiretroviral therapy nor planning to initiate antiretroviral therapy during the study period
- Detectable HIV-1 plasma viral load
- HSV-2 seropositive as determined by western blot
Key exclusion criteria (12 listed)
- Known history of adverse reaction to acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir
- Planned open label use of acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir
- History of evidence of CMV disease
- Known medical history of seizures
- Known renal insufficiency, defined as serum creatinine greater than 1.5 mg/dl
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| valacyclovirAlso: Valtrexvalacyclovir 1000 mg orally twice daily for 12 weeks. | Drug | High-dose valacyclovir |
| acyclovirAlso: Zoviraxacyclovir 400 mg orally twice daily for 12 weeks. | Drug | Standard-dose acyclovir |
Primary outcome
The Quantity of HIV-1 RNA in Plasma While on 400 mg Twice Daily of Acyclovir Versus 1000 mg Twice Daily of Valacyclovir.
Time frame: 26 weeks (12 weeks per drug intervention)
Weekly measurements of plasma HIV-1 RNA on each drug were compared. The primary analysis was of the average difference in plasma HIV-1 RNA on valacyclovir and acyclovir as determined by a linear mixed model. The median of the average per-participant plasma HIV-1 RNA levels on valacyclovir and valacyclovir is also listed.
The Genital HSV Shedding Rate While on 400 mg Twice Daily of Acyclovir Versus 1000 mg Twice Daily of Valacyclovir.
Time frame: The first four weeks of each intervention
HSV DNA quantitated from daily self-collected genital swabs for the first four weeks of each drug intervention. The shedding rate was determined by the combined number of swabs with HSV detected divided by the combined number of swabs collected from participants, multiplied by 100.
3 secondary outcomes
The Effect of Valacyclovir 1 Gram Twice Daily Compared to Acyclovir 400 mg Twice Daily on the Percentage of Days With Genital Herpes Lesions.
Time frame: 26 weeks (12 weeks per drug intervention)
The Effect of Valacyclovir 1 g Twice Daily Compared With Acyclovir 400 mg Twice Daily on the Quantity of Genital HSV Detected During Shedding Episodes.
Time frame: The first four weeks of each intervention
Sub-Study: To Evaluate the Kinetics of Plasma HIV-1 Decline Over the First Three Days of High-dose Valacyclovir Administration.
Time frame: 72 hours
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 7 Jun 2018.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Jared Baeten, MD, PhD principal investigator
University of Washington
Anna Wald, MD, MPH study director
University of Washington
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 4 study testing valacyclovir and acyclovir in people with Genital Herpes and HIV Infection, run by University of Washington at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 10 inclusion and 12 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 7 Jun 2018. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 4 studies take place after a treatment is approved, to learn more about its long-term benefits and risks in everyday use.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 31 Jul 2012). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
The Quantity of HIV-1 RNA in Plasma While on 400 mg Twice Daily of Acyclovir Versus 1000 mg Twice Daily of Valacyclovir. (time frame: 26 weeks (12 weeks per drug intervention)). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 7 Jun 2018; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 7 Nov 2026.