HypertensionNCT00338572
Effect of Exercise and Diet on Inflammation in Hypertensive Individuals
A study testing Exercise Program and Combined Exercise and Diet Program in people with Hypertension, run by University of California, San Diego at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
In addition to high blood pressure, hypertension is characterized by inflammation, which is the body's response to injury or infection. Inflammation has been found to cause plaque formation on artery walls. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 25 to 60 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Hypertension
- What is being tested?
- Exercise Program and Combined Exercise and Diet Program
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 185 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- Jun 2006to Apr 2012
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 25 to 60 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Unmedicated hypertension with blood pressure greater than 140/90 mm Hg but less than 175/104 mm Hg
- Body mass index (BMI) of 23.5 to 34
- Relatively inactive, as defined by the Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire
- Willing and able to participate in the assigned study group
- Postmenopausal women not on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and premenopausal women
Who cannot join
- Abnormal echocardiogram
- Recent stroke or significant brain impairment
- Current psychiatric disease
- History of psychosis or major depression
- Currently taking psychotropic drugs
- Currently taking any medications (e.g., anti-inflammatory medications) other than antihypertensives (which will be tapered)
Show all 22Show fewer
- Current drug and/or alcohol abuse
- Consumes more than 600 mg of caffeine per day
- Diabetes
- Congestive heart failure
- Bronchospastic pulmonary disease
- History of heart attacks
- Known secondary high blood pressure
- Angina
- History of life-threatening arrhythmias
- History of kidney damage
- Current participation in regular or structured exercise classes, or regular physical exercise in the 6 months prior to study entry
- Inability to perform moderate to vigorous intensity exercise
- Current participation in a diet
- High blood pressure, only when measured in a doctor's office (i.e., "white coat hypertension")
- Arthritis, exertional asthma, or any other disorder likely to be made worse by exercise
- Pregnant
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
University of California, San Diego
San Diego, California, 92103
About this study
Official title: Sympathetic Nervous System Regulation of Cell Adhesion
In addition to high blood pressure, hypertension is characterized by inflammation, which is the body's response to injury or infection. Inflammation has been found to cause plaque formation on artery walls. This study will compare the effect of an exercise program versus a combined exercise and diet program on reducing inflammation in hypertensive individuals.
Read the detailed description
Hypertension is characterized by high blood pressure, as well as by inflammation and increased adhesion among blood cells. Inflammation may play an important role in atherosclerosis, which involves the build up of fatty deposits on the inside wall of arteries. Pharmacological treatment for hypertension successfully reduces blood pressure. However, it has limited effectiveness for reducing the associated inflammation. Losing weight and increasing physical activity have been shown to reduce general inflammation, but more research is needed to determine their effect on inflammation that is directly related to hypertension. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of an exercise program versus a combined exercise and diet program at reducing inflammation and cell adhesion in hypertensive individuals.
This study will enroll inactive and overweight hypertensive individuals. Participants will be randomly assigned to a 12-week exercise program, a 12-week combined exercise and diet program, or a non-intervention group. At study entry, participants will take part in a speech stressor task, a VO2 peak exercise test, and an exercise treadmill test. During the speech stressor task, participants will be videotaped while they talk about potentially stressful situations. Prior to and following the speech task, blood will be collected, blood pressure and heart rate will be recorded, and standardized questionnaires will be completed to assess anger, anxiety, and stress levels. The two exercise tests will occur within 5 days of each other and both will involve running on a treadmill. Heart rate, respiratory rate, and physical activity intensity will be monitored; heart activity will be measured by an electrocardiogram (ECG). Blood will be collected at various times during the testing procedures to measure levels of inflammation biomarkers, including C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cells. Perceived exertion and stress levels will also be assessed.
Participants in the exercise intervention will receive a 12-week membership to the YMCA and will meet with a personal trainer twice a week. They will be encouraged to exercise on their own for an additional 3 to 4 days per week. Participants will also be provided with a pedometer, which will track the number of steps they take each day. Participants in the diet program will meet with a dietician and will be encouraged to reduce their caloric intake by incorporating low-fat, high-fiber foods into their diet. Throughout the study, participants will have regular follow-up phone calls with study staff and meetings with their personal trainer and/or dietician to ensure that they are adhering to their assigned program. At the end of 12 weeks, participants will return for a repeat speech stressor task, a VO2 peak exercise test, and an exercise treadmill test. Participants in the non-intervention group will then be assigned to either the exercise program or combined exercise and diet program.
- Conditions
- Hypertension
- Being tested
- Exercise Program, Combined Exercise and Diet Program
- Keywords
- Inflammation, Blood Pressure, High
- Medical subject headings
- Hypertension, Inflammation
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Exercise ProgramBehavioural
Participants in the exercise group will receive a 12-week membership to the YMCA and will meet with a personal trainer twice a week. They will be encouraged to exercise on their own for an additional 3 to 4 days per week. Participants will also be provided with a pedometer, which will track the number of steps they take each day.
Combined Exercise and Diet ProgramBehavioural
Participants in this group will receive a 12-week membership to the YMCA and will meet with a personal trainer twice a week. They will be encouraged to exercise on their own for an additional 3 to 4 days per week. Participants will also be provided with a pedometer, which will track the number of steps they take each day. They will meet with a dietician and will be encouraged to reduce their caloric intake by incorporating low-fat, high-fiber foods into their diet.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Active comparator | 12-week exercise program Receives: Behavioral: Exercise Program |
| 2 | Experimental | 12-week combined exercise and diet program Receives: Behavioral: Combined Exercise and Diet Program |
| 3 | No intervention | Non-intervention group |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
CRP
Measured: Measured at 4 years
Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
Measured: Measured at 4 years
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)
Measured: Measured at 4 years
Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1)
Measured: Measured at 4 years
SE-selectin
Measured: Measured at 4 years
Leukocyte CD11a expression
Measured: Measured at 4 years
Leukocyte CD11b expression
Measured: Measured at 4 years
Leukocyte activation
Measured: Measured at 4 years
Peripheral blood mononuclear cell chemotaxis
Measured: Measured at 4 years
Secondary outcomes (3)
Physical fitness
Measured: Measured at 4 years
Weight
Measured: Measured at 4 years
Blood pressure
Measured: Measured at 4 years
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted20 Jun 2006 (estimated)
- Study startJun 2006
- Primary completionApr 2012
- Study completionApr 2012
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for HypertensionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of California, San DiegoThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 185 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of California, San Diego
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Paul J. Mills, University of California, San Diego
- Investigators
- Paul J. Mills, PhD, Principal investigator, University of California, San Diego
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00338572
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 380
- Other IDs
- R01HL057265
- Status last verified
- Jun 2012
- First submitted
- 16 Jun 2006
- Last updated
- 8 Jun 2012
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 8 Jun 2012. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Sympathetic Nervous System Regulation of Cell Adhesion
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00338572
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 380
- Conditions
- Hypertension
- Keywords
- Inflammation, Blood Pressure, High
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 185 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of California, San DiegoUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- Study start
- Jun 2006
- Primary completion
- Apr 2012 (actual)
- Study completion
- Apr 2012 (actual)
- First posted
- 20 Jun 2006 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
In addition to high blood pressure, hypertension is characterized by inflammation, which is the body's response to injury or infection. Inflammation has been found to cause plaque formation on artery walls. This study will compare the effect of an exercise program versus a combined exercise and diet program on reducing inflammation in hypertensive individuals.
Detailed description
Hypertension is characterized by high blood pressure, as well as by inflammation and increased adhesion among blood cells. Inflammation may play an important role in atherosclerosis, which involves the build up of fatty deposits on the inside wall of arteries. Pharmacological treatment for hypertension successfully reduces blood pressure. However, it has limited effectiveness for reducing the associated inflammation. Losing weight and increasing physical activity have been shown to reduce general inflammation, but more research is needed to determine their effect on inflammation that is directly related to hypertension. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of an exercise program versus a combined exercise and diet program at reducing inflammation and cell adhesion in hypertensive individuals.
This study will enroll inactive and overweight hypertensive individuals. Participants will be randomly assigned to a 12-week exercise program, a 12-week combined exercise and diet program, or a non-intervention group. At study entry, participants will take part in a speech stressor task, a VO2 peak exercise test, and an exercise treadmill test. During the speech stressor task, participants will be videotaped while they talk about potentially stressful situations. Prior to and following the speech task, blood will be collected, blood pressure and heart rate will be recorded, and standardized questionnaires will be completed to assess anger, anxiety, and stress levels. The two exercise tests will occur within 5 days of each other and both will involve running on a treadmill. Heart rate, respiratory rate, and physical activity intensity will be monitored; heart activity will be measured by an electrocardiogram (ECG). Blood will be collected at various times during the testing procedures to measure levels of inflammation biomarkers, including C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cells. Perceived exertion and stress levels will also be assessed.
Participants in the exercise intervention will receive a 12-week membership to the YMCA and will meet with a personal trainer twice a week. They will be encouraged to exercise on their own for an additional 3 to 4 days per week. Participants will also be provided with a pedometer, which will track the number of steps they take each day. Participants in the diet program will meet with a dietician and will be encouraged to reduce their caloric intake by incorporating low-fat, high-fiber foods into their diet. Throughout the study, participants will have regular follow-up phone calls with study staff and meetings with their personal trainer and/or dietician to ensure that they are adhering to their assigned program. At the end of 12 weeks, participants will return for a repeat speech stressor task, a VO2 peak exercise test, and an exercise treadmill test. Participants in the non-intervention group will then be assigned to either the exercise program or combined exercise and diet program.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Active comparator | Behavioral: Exercise Program12-week exercise program |
| 2 | Experimental | Behavioral: Combined Exercise and Diet Program12-week combined exercise and diet program |
| 3 | No intervention | –Non-intervention group |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 25 to 60 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Unmedicated hypertension with blood pressure greater than 140/90 mm Hg but less than 175/104 mm Hg
- Body mass index (BMI) of 23.5 to 34
- Relatively inactive, as defined by the Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire
- Willing and able to participate in the assigned study group
- Postmenopausal women not on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and premenopausal women
Key exclusion criteria (22 listed)
- Abnormal echocardiogram
- Recent stroke or significant brain impairment
- Current psychiatric disease
- History of psychosis or major depression
- Currently taking psychotropic drugs
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Exercise ProgramParticipants in the exercise group will receive a 12-week membership to the YMCA and will meet with a personal trainer twice a week. They will be encouraged to exercise on their own for an additional 3 to 4 days per week. Participants will also be provided with a pedometer, which will track the number of steps they take each day. | Behavioural | 1 |
| Combined Exercise and Diet ProgramParticipants in this group will receive a 12-week membership to the YMCA and will meet with a personal trainer twice a week. They will be encouraged to exercise on their own for an additional 3 to 4 days per week. Participants will also be provided with a pedometer, which will track the number of steps they take each day. They will meet with a dietician and will be encouraged to reduce their caloric intake by incorporating low-fat, high-fiber foods into their diet. | Behavioural | 2 |
Primary outcome
CRP
Time frame: Measured at 4 years
Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
Time frame: Measured at 4 years
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)
Time frame: Measured at 4 years
Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1)
Time frame: Measured at 4 years
SE-selectin
Time frame: Measured at 4 years
Leukocyte CD11a expression
Time frame: Measured at 4 years
Leukocyte CD11b expression
Time frame: Measured at 4 years
Leukocyte activation
Time frame: Measured at 4 years
Peripheral blood mononuclear cell chemotaxis
Time frame: Measured at 4 years
3 secondary outcomes
Physical fitness
Time frame: Measured at 4 years
Weight
Time frame: Measured at 4 years
Blood pressure
Time frame: Measured at 4 years
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 8 Jun 2012.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Paul J. Mills, PhD principal investigator
University of California, San Diego
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Exercise Program and Combined Exercise and Diet Program in people with Hypertension, run by University of California, San Diego at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 22 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 8 Jun 2012. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
CRP (time frame: Measured at 4 years). The study lists 9 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 8 Jun 2012.