HIV InfectionsPhase 1NCT00006279
The Safety of Nevirapine When Given to Breast-Feeding Babies From Birth to Age 6 Months
A Phase 1 study testing Nevirapine in people with HIV Infections, run by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
The purpose of this study is to see if it is safe to give nevirapine (NVP) to breast-feeding babies from birth to the age of 6 months and to determine what dose of NVP should be given. Breast-feeding has been shown to be very important for the physical and mental health of infants. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 1 day and older
- Conditions the study is for
- HIV Infections
- What is being tested?
- Nevirapine
- How many people
- 75 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- Start not givento May 2005
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 1 day and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Mothers may be eligible for this study if they:
- Receive prenatal care at King Edward VIII Hospital, Durban, or St. Mary's Hospital, Marianhill, South Africa; or polyclinics in Chitungwiza District, Zimbabwe.
- Are pregnant for at least 30 weeks before giving birth.
- Are at least 18 years of age.
- Are HIV-positive by 2 ELISA tests.
- Have no serious current or previous problems in pregnancy (e.g., seizures).
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- Have a fixed home and/or work address.
- Plan to deliver the baby at a hospital or clinic where the study is based.
- Plan to breast-feed their babies.
- Infants may be eligible for this study if they:
- Are born to women participating in this study.
- Weigh at least 2.5 kg at birth.
- Begin breast-feeding by 48 hours.
Who cannot join
- Mothers will not be eligible for this study if they:
- Have AIDS or any other serious illness.
- Are using illegal drugs or have been using alcohol for a long time.
- Are sensitive to NVP.
- Have taken any nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in the past.
- Are using rifampin, rifabutin, ketoconazole, macrolides, or cimetidine.
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- Infants will not be eligible for this study if they:
- Have jaundice (yellowing of the skin and whites of eyes) that requires a blood transfusion.
- Have any serious or life-threatening condition(s).
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Phase I/II Study to Assess the Safety and Plasma Concentrations of Nevirapine Given Daily, Twice a Week or Weekly as Prophylaxis in Breastfeeding Infants From Birth to 6 Months
The purpose of this study is to see if it is safe to give nevirapine (NVP) to breast-feeding babies from birth to the age of 6 months and to determine what dose of NVP should be given.
Breast-feeding has been shown to be very important for the physical and mental health of infants. This is especially true during the first 6 months of life. However, an HIV-positive mother can pass the virus on to her baby by breast-feeding. Because of this risk, HIV-positive mothers are encouraged to formula-feed, not breast-feed, their babies. In developing countries, however, some women cannot afford to formula-feed. If they do formula-feed, these women risk exposing their HIV status. These women have great need for methods that can lower the chance that they will pass HIV on to their babies. This study will test NVP as a way of doing this.
Read the detailed description
Breast-feeding is of such critical importance to the general health of the infant, as well as the mother-infant relationship, that special efforts should be made to retain this practice even during the HIV pandemic. Breast-feeding is associated with lower rates of infant gastrointestinal infections and protects against high infant mortality from respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases. These protective effects are greatest in the first 6 months of life. However, HIV is transmitted through breast-feeding. HIV-infected women whose circumstances permit them a choice between breast- and formula-feeding have been encouraged to formula-feed. But in developing countries there are HIV-infected women who cannot afford to formula-feed or who, knowing the risks, choose to breast-feed. In these societies, HIV-infected women who deviate from the cultural norm of breast-feeding risk exposing their HIV status and becoming prey to negative social implications. For this group of women, defining strategies that can reduce their risk of transmitting HIV to their infants is essential. Based on data from previous studies, this study proposes to test the hypothesis that NVP will reduce breast-feeding transmission of HIV.
Pregnant HIV-positive women take an oral dose of NVP at the onset of labor. A second dose of NVP will be given 48 hours after the first dose if the woman remains in labor. Infants who initiate breast-feeding are randomized to 1 of the 3 study arms below and receive their first dose of NVP within 48 hours of birth.
Arm 1 receives NVP once a week, Arm 2 receives NVP twice a week, and Arm 3 receives NVP daily. There is no placebo control group. The first 18 infants enrolled in each arm will contribute pre- and post- NVP dose blood samples for pharmacokinetics. The remaining infants will contribute data on safety and pre-dose NVP levels only. Infants return to the clinic weekly for visual assessment of NVP toxicity. Women are counseled to stop breast-feeding their infants by the end of 6 months. Infants receive their last dose of NVP at either 24 weeks of age or 1 week after breast-feeding cessation, whichever occurs first, and have follow-up visits until the infant is 32 weeks old.
- Conditions
- HIV Infections
- Being tested
- Nevirapine
- Keywords
- Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Administration Schedule, Nevirapine, Disease Transmission, Vertical, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Anti-HIV Agents, Breast Feeding
- Medical subject headings
- HIV Infections, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Breast Feeding
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
NevirapineDrug
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted31 Aug 2001 (estimated)
- Study completionMay 2005
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for HIV InfectionsStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)The sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Enrolment
- 75 participants
Sponsor and investigators
- Sponsor type
- US National Institutes of Health
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Hoosen Coovadia, Study chairMary Bassett, Study chairSalim Karim, Study chair
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00006279
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- HIVNET 023
- Other IDs
- 11720
- Status last verified
- Oct 2021
- First submitted
- 14 Sep 2000
- Last updated
- 1 Nov 2021
- Results posted
- No
Publications
Lee EJ, Kantor R, Zijenah L, Sheldon W, Emel L, Mateta P, Johnston E, Wells J, Shetty AK, Coovadia H, Maldonado Y, Jones SA, Mofenson LM, Contag CH, Bassett M, Katzenstein DA; HIVNET 023 Study Team. Breast-milk shedding of drug-resistant HIV-1 subtype C in women exposed to single-dose nevirapine. J Infect Dis. 2005 Oct 1;192(7):1260-4. doi: 10.1086/444424. Epub 2005 Aug 23.
PubMed 16136470Shetty AK, Coovadia HM, Mirochnick MM, Maldonado Y, Mofenson LM, Eshleman SH, Fleming T, Emel L, George K, Katzenstein DA, Wells J, Maponga CC, Mwatha A, Jones SA, Abdool Karim SS, Bassett MT; HIVNET 023 Study Team. Safety and trough concentrations of nevirapine prophylaxis given daily, twice weekly, or weekly in breast-feeding infants from birth to 6 months. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2003 Dec 15;34(5):482-90. doi: 10.1097/00126334-200312150-00006.
PubMed 14657758
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 1 Nov 2021. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Phase I/II Study to Assess the Safety and Plasma Concentrations of Nevirapine Given Daily, Twice a Week or Weekly as Prophylaxis in Breastfeeding Infants From Birth to 6 Months
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00006279
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- HIVNET 023
- Conditions
- HIV Infections
- Keywords
- Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Administration Schedule, Nevirapine, Disease Transmission, Vertical, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Anti-HIV Agents, Breast Feeding
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 75 participants
- Lead sponsor
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)US National Institutes of Health
- Study completion
- May 2005 (actual)
- First posted
- 31 Aug 2001 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of this study is to see if it is safe to give nevirapine (NVP) to breast-feeding babies from birth to the age of 6 months and to determine what dose of NVP should be given.
Breast-feeding has been shown to be very important for the physical and mental health of infants. This is especially true during the first 6 months of life. However, an HIV-positive mother can pass the virus on to her baby by breast-feeding. Because of this risk, HIV-positive mothers are encouraged to formula-feed, not breast-feed, their babies. In developing countries, however, some women cannot afford to formula-feed. If they do formula-feed, these women risk exposing their HIV status. These women have great need for methods that can lower the chance that they will pass HIV on to their babies. This study will test NVP as a way of doing this.
Detailed description
Breast-feeding is of such critical importance to the general health of the infant, as well as the mother-infant relationship, that special efforts should be made to retain this practice even during the HIV pandemic. Breast-feeding is associated with lower rates of infant gastrointestinal infections and protects against high infant mortality from respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases. These protective effects are greatest in the first 6 months of life. However, HIV is transmitted through breast-feeding. HIV-infected women whose circumstances permit them a choice between breast- and formula-feeding have been encouraged to formula-feed. But in developing countries there are HIV-infected women who cannot afford to formula-feed or who, knowing the risks, choose to breast-feed. In these societies, HIV-infected women who deviate from the cultural norm of breast-feeding risk exposing their HIV status and becoming prey to negative social implications. For this group of women, defining strategies that can reduce their risk of transmitting HIV to their infants is essential. Based on data from previous studies, this study proposes to test the hypothesis that NVP will reduce breast-feeding transmission of HIV.
Pregnant HIV-positive women take an oral dose of NVP at the onset of labor. A second dose of NVP will be given 48 hours after the first dose if the woman remains in labor. Infants who initiate breast-feeding are randomized to 1 of the 3 study arms below and receive their first dose of NVP within 48 hours of birth.
Arm 1 receives NVP once a week, Arm 2 receives NVP twice a week, and Arm 3 receives NVP daily. There is no placebo control group. The first 18 infants enrolled in each arm will contribute pre- and post- NVP dose blood samples for pharmacokinetics. The remaining infants will contribute data on safety and pre-dose NVP levels only. Infants return to the clinic weekly for visual assessment of NVP toxicity. Women are counseled to stop breast-feeding their infants by the end of 6 months. Infants receive their last dose of NVP at either 24 weeks of age or 1 week after breast-feeding cessation, whichever occurs first, and have follow-up visits until the infant is 32 weeks old.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 1 day and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (13 listed)
- Receive prenatal care at King Edward VIII Hospital, Durban, or St. Mary's Hospital, Marianhill, South Africa; or polyclinics in Chitungwiza District, Zimbabwe.
- Are pregnant for at least 30 weeks before giving birth.
- Are at least 18 years of age.
- Are HIV-positive by 2 ELISA tests.
- Have no serious current or previous problems in pregnancy (e.g., seizures).
Key exclusion criteria (9 listed)
- Have AIDS or any other serious illness.
- Are using illegal drugs or have been using alcohol for a long time.
- Are sensitive to NVP.
- Have taken any nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in the past.
- Are using rifampin, rifabutin, ketoconazole, macrolides, or cimetidine.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Nevirapine | Drug | – |
Primary outcome
Not reported in the source record.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 1 Nov 2021.
- Results publication: PubMed 16136470Lee EJ, Kantor R, Zijenah L, Sheldon W, Emel L, Mateta P, Johnston E, Wells J, Shetty AK, Coovadia H, Maldonado Y, Jones SA, Mofenson LM, Contag CH, Bassett M, Katzenstein DA; HIVNET 023 Study Team. Breast-milk shedding of drug-resistant HIV-1 subtype C in women exposed to single-dose nevirapine. J Infect Dis. 2005 Oct 1;192(7):1260-4. doi: 10.1086/444424. Epub 2005 Aug 23.
- Results publication: PubMed 14657758Shetty AK, Coovadia HM, Mirochnick MM, Maldonado Y, Mofenson LM, Eshleman SH, Fleming T, Emel L, George K, Katzenstein DA, Wells J, Maponga CC, Mwatha A, Jones SA, Abdool Karim SS, Bassett MT; HIVNET 023 Study Team. Safety and trough concentrations of nevirapine prophylaxis given daily, twice weekly, or weekly in breast-feeding infants from birth to 6 months. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2003 Dec 15;34(5):482-90. doi: 10.1097/00126334-200312150-00006.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Hoosen Coovadia study chair
Mary Bassett study chair
Salim Karim study chair
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 1 study testing Nevirapine in people with HIV Infections, run by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 13 inclusion and 9 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 1 Nov 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 1 studies test a treatment in a small group of people for the first time or in a new way, mainly to check safety and find the right dose.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT00006279, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 1 Nov 2021; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 8 Nov 2026.